1. A method for obtaining and providing status information for items exchanged between a plurality of heterogeneous applications, the method comprising:
receiving, at a centralized integration system that resides external to the plurality of heterogeneous applications between which items are to be exchanged, a particular item being transmitted from a first application in the plurality of heterogeneous applications, the particular item being transmitted for delivery to one or more other applications in the plurality of heterogeneous applications;
at the centralized integration system, executing two or more conversion operations on the particular item in order to convert the particular item from a first format of the first application to one or more formats for the one or more other applications;
wherein each conversion operation of the two or more conversion operations corresponds to a different phase of a multi-phase operation than each other conversion operation of the two or more conversion operations;
within the centralized integration system, tracking a conversion status of the particular item while the particular item moves through the different phases of the multi-phase operation;
determining the conversion status of the multi-phase operation relative to the particular item after a duration has elapsed from when the particular item was received based on which of the two or more conversion operations have been performed on the particular item during that duration; and
storing data that indicates said conversion status in a volatile or non-volatile memory.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving input from one or more users of the first application or one or more users of the one or more other applications,
wherein the input specifies a set of operations to be executed on the particular item; and
wherein the step of executing two or more conversion operations on the particular item comprises executing the set of operations on the particular item.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of executing two or more conversion operations includes performing one or more syntax conversion operations and one or more semantic conversion operations.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of executing two or more conversion operations on the particular item includes performing a first combination of translation and transformation conversion operations to convert the particular item from the first format of the first application to one or more intermediate formats, and performing a second combination of translation and transformation operations to convert the particular item from the one or more intermediate formats to the format of each of the one or more other applications.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining a conversion status of the particular item is performed in response to receiving a request for the conversion status.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining a conversion status of the particular item includes comparing a combination of translation and transformation operations that were performed on the item to another combination of all the translation and transformation operations that are to be performed on the item in order to convert the item from the first format of the first application to one or more formats of the one or more other applications.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising configuring the two or more conversion operations prior to receiving the particular item.
8. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
displaying a user-interface for prompting the one or more users to enter input that specifies a set of operations to be executed on the particular item, wherein the input comprises metadata that identifies the set of operations.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a conversion status of the particular item after a duration has elapsed includes determining the conversion status in response to a request for the conversion status, the conversion status being determined based on which of the one or more conversion operations having been performed on the particular item prior to the request being received.
10. A computer-readable medium carrying one or more sequences of instructions for obtaining and providing status information for items exchanged between a plurality of heterogeneous applications, wherein execution of the one or more sequences of instructions by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the steps of:
receiving, at a centralized integration system that resides external to the plurality of heterogeneous applications between which items are to be exchanged, a particular item being transmitted from a first application in the plurality of heterogeneous applications, the particular item being transmitted for delivery to one or more other applications in the plurality of heterogeneous applications;
at the centralized integration system, executing two or more conversion operations on the particular item in order to convert the particular item from a first format of the first application to one or more formats for the one or more other applications;
wherein each conversion operation of the two or more conversion operations corresponds to a different phase of a multi-phase operation than each other conversion operation of the two or more conversion operations; and
within the centralized integration system, tracking a conversion status of the particular item while the particular item moves through the different phases of the multi-phase operation:
determining the conversion status of the multi-phase operation relative to the particular item after a duration has elapsed from when the particular item was received based on which of the two or more conversion operations have been performed on the particular item during that duration; and
storing data that indicates said conversion status in a volatile or non-volatile memory,
wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
11. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions for:
receiving input from one or more users of the first application or one or more users of the one or more other applications,
wherein the input specifies a set of operations to be executed on the particular item;
wherein the step of executing two or more conversion operations on the particular item comprises executing the set of operations on the particular item; and
wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
12. The computer-readable medium of claim 10,
wherein the instructions for executing two or more conversion operations include instructions for performing one or more syntax conversion operations and one or more semantic conversion operations, and
wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
13. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein instructions for executing two or more conversion operations on the particular item includes instructions for performing a first combination of translation and transformation conversion operations to convert the particular item from the first format of the first application to one or more intermediate formats, and instructions for performing a second combination of translation and transformation operations to convert the particular item from the one or more intermediate formats to the format of each of the one or more other applications, wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
14. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the step of determining a conversion status of the particular item is performed in response to receiving a request for the conversion status, wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
15. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the step of determining a conversion status of the particular item includes comparing a combination of translation and transformation operations that were performed on the item to another combination of all the translation and transformation operations that are to be performed on the item in order to convert the item from the first format of the first application to one or more formats of the one or more other applications, wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
16. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions for executing the two or more conversion operations prior to receiving the particular item, wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
17. The computer-readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions for displaying a user-interface for prompting the one or more users to enter input that specifies a set of operations to be executed on the particular item,
wherein the input comprises metadata that identifies the set of operations; and
wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
18. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein determining a conversion status of the particular item after a duration has elapsed includes determining the conversion status in response to a request for the conversion status, the conversion status being determined based on which of the one or more conversion operations having been performed on the particular item prior to the request being received, wherein said computer-readable medium is one of volatile memory or non-volatile memory.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An optical system comprising:
a first lens group disposed in a most object side and having positive refractive power,
a stop member disposed at the image side of the first lens group,
a second lens group disposed at an image side of the stop member, and
the following conditional expressions being satisfied:
0.20<dsf1<0.60
1.00\xd7\u03c62<\u03c6s<0.8\xd7\u03c61 (unit: mm)
where ds denotes a distance along the optical axis between a lens surface of a most image side lens in the first lens group and the stop member, f1 denotes a focal length of the first lens group, \u03c62 denotes an outer diameter of a most object side lens in the second lens group, and \u03c6s denotes a diameter of an aperture of the stop member.
2. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein an aperture diameter of the stop member is larger than an effective diameter of the optical system in a position of the stop member along the optical axis.
3. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is able to vary magnification, and
upon varying magnification from a wide angle end state to a telephoto end state, a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group varies.
4. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is able to vary magnification, and
upon varying magnification from a wide angle end state to a telephoto end state, a distance between the first lens group and the stop member varies.
5. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is able to vary magnification, and
upon varying magnification from a wide angle end state to a telephoto end state, a distance between the second lens group and the stop member varies.
6. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is able to vary magnification, and
the optical system further comprises a moving mechanism for moving the stop member along the optical axis, upon varying magnification from a wide angle end state to a telephoto end state.
7. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the stop member has an anti-reflection member on a surface.
8. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein a position of an optical axis side end of the stop member in the direction of the optical axis is at a more image side than a position of a barrel side end of the stop member in the direction of the optical axis.
9. An optical apparatus equipped with the optical system according to claim 1.