1.-12. (canceled)
13. A method of making an electronic package comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate having a first surface, said first surface having a plurality of conductive contacts thereon;
positioning a layer of dielectric material having a first and second surface substantially on said first surface of said substrate;
forming at least one through hole in said layer of dielectric material in alignment with said at least one of said plurality of said conductive contacts, said at least one through hole having a side wall;
positioning a conductive material in said at least one through hole so as to form a column of conductive material that substantially fills said through hole and is in electrical contact with said at least one of said plurality of conductive contacts; and
positioning at least one conductive member on said column of conductive material in said at least one through hole and in electrical contact with said conductive material.
14. The method of making the electronic package of claim 13 wherein said layer of dielectric material is positioned by laminating a layer of an organic polymeric material onto a first metal layer, said first metal layer including at least one clearance hole therein, and positioning a second layer of metal having a preselected thickness on one surface of said layer of organic polymeric material, said second layer of metal and said first metal layer being separated by said layer of organic polymeric material.
15. The method of making the electronic package of claim 14 wherein said at least one clearance hole is formed by etching prior to said laminating of said layer of organic polymeric material onto said first metal layer.
16. The method of making the electronic package of claim 14 wherein said step of positioning said second layer of metal having a preselected thickness on one of said surfaces of said layer of organic polymeric material further includes removing a portion of said second layer of metal to reduce said preselected thickness after said positioning of said second layer of metal on one of said surfaces of said layer of organic polymeric material.
17. The method of making the electronic package of claim 16 wherein the step of removing a portion of said second layer of metal comprises etching said second layer of metal to a thickness of about 3 microns.
18. The method of making the electronic package of claim 13 wherein said substrate comprises a ceramic material.
19. The method of making the electronic package of claim 16 wherein said step of positioning said conductive material in said at least one through hole comprises screening.
20-22. (canceled)
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method comprising:
receiving graphical data associated with points and edges;
selecting a first predetermined number of points of the received graphical data;
determining an initial distance between each of the first predetermined number of points;
generating a fast approximate distance oracle comprising identifiers for at least a plurality of points of the received graphical data and oracle distances between at least one point associated with an identifier and at least one other point, the oracle distances including the initial distance between any of the first predetermined number of points;
selecting a second predetermined number of points of the graphical data;
determining a graphical distance for each of the second predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first and second predetermined number of points utilizing, at least in part, the fast approximate distance oracle;
calculating a potential error between the determined graphical distance and a topologic distance between each of the second predetermined number of points and the first predetermined number of points and calculating a potential error between the determined graphical distance and a topologic distance between each of the second predetermined number of points and the other second predetermined number of points;
approximating a correction for at least one of the second predetermined number of points based on at least one of the calculated potential errors;
adjusting a position of the at least one of the second predetermined number of points based on the calculated graphical distance and the correction; and
displaying the at least one of the second predetermined number of points.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the fast approximate distance oracle occurs simultaneously or near-simultaneously with determining the initial distance for each of the first predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first predetermined number of points.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the fast approximate distance oracle occurs prior to determining the initial distance for each of the first predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first predetermined number of points.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the first predetermined number of points comprises selecting each point of the first predetermined number of points based, at least in part, on the initial distance between points identified in the graphic data.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the first predetermined number of points comprises selecting each point of the first predetermined number of points randomly from the received graphic data.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the potential error between the graphical distance and a topologic distance comprises determining the KK potential between at least one of the second predetermined number of points and the first predetermined number of points.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein approximating the error correction for at least one of the second predetermined number of points comprises calculating a gradient descent to minimize the KK potential.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying a first subset of antigravity points associated with the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points;
identifying edges associated with the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points;
calculating forces associated with the first subset of antigravity points and forces associated with the edges that act upon the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points; and
adjusting the position of the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points based on the force calculation.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
identifying a second subset of antigravity points associated with at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points;
identifying edges associated with the at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points;
calculating forces associated with the second subset of antigravity points and forces associated with the edges that act upon the at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points; and
adjusting the position of the at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points based on the force calculation.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first subset of antigravity points comprises at least one point that is not a member of the second subset of antigravity points.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein none of the points of the first subset of antigravity points are coupled to the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points by an edge.
12. A system comprising:
a data acquisition module configured to receive graphical data associated with points and edges;
a point selection module configured to select a first predetermined number of points of the received graphical data and to select a second predetermined number of points of the graphical data;
a hierarchical model module configured to determine an initial distance between each of the first predetermined number of points and to generate a fast approximate distance oracle comprising identifiers for at least a plurality of points of the received graphical data and oracle distances between at least one point associated with an identifier and at least one other point, the oracle distances including the initial distance between any of the first predetermined number of points;
a distance correction module configured to determine a graphical distance for each of the second predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first and second predetermined number of points utilizing, at least in part, the fast approximate distance oracle, to calculate a potential error between the determined graphical distance and a topologic distance between each of the second predetermined number of points and the first predetermined number of points and calculating a potential error between the determined graphical distance and a topologic distance between each of the second predetermined number of points and the other second predetermined number of points, to approximate a correction for at least one of the second predetermined number of points based on at least one of the calculated potential errors, and to adjust a position of the at least one of the second predetermined number of points based on the calculated graphical distance and the correction; and
a layout module configured to display the at least one of the second predetermined number of points.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the hierarchical model module is configured to generate the fast approximate distance oracle simultaneously or near-simultaneously while determining the initial distance for each of the first predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first predetermined number of points.
14. The system of claim 12, wherein the hierarchical model module is configured generate the fast approximate distance oracle prior to determining the initial distance for each of the first predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first predetermined number of points.
15. The system of claim 12, wherein the point selection module configured to select the first predetermined number of points comprises the point selection module configured to select each point of the first predetermined number of points based, at least in part, on the initial distance between points identified in the graphic data.
16. The system of claim 12, wherein the point selection module configured to select the first predetermined number of points comprises the point selection module configured to select each point of the first predetermined number of points randomly from the received graphic data.
17. The system of claim 12, wherein the distance correction module configured to calculate the potential error between the graphical distance and a topologic distance comprises the distance correction module configured to determine the KK potential between at least one of the second predetermined number of points and the first predetermined number of points.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein the distance correction module configured to approximate the error correction for at least one of the second predetermined number of points comprises the distance correction module configured to calculate a gradient descent to minimize the KK potential.
19. The system of claim 12, further comprising:
an adjustment module configured to identify a first subset of antigravity points associated with the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points, to identify edges associated with the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points, to calculate forces associated with the first subset of antigravity points and forces associated with the edges that act upon the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points, and to adjust the position of the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points based on the force calculation.
20. The system of claim 12, wherein the adjustment module is further configured to identify a second subset of antigravity points associated with at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points, to identify edges associated with the at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points, to calculate forces associated with the second subset of antigravity points and forces associated with the edges that act upon the at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points, and to adjust the position of the at least one other point of the second predetermined number of points based on the force calculation.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein the first subset of antigravity points comprises at least one point that is not a member of the second subset of antigravity points.
22. The system of claim 19, wherein none of the points of the first subset of antigravity points are coupled to the at least one point of the second predetermined number of points by an edge.
23. A computer readable medium comprising instructions, the instructions being executable by a processor for performing a method, the method comprising:
receiving graphical data associated with points and edges;
selecting a first predetermined number of points of the received graphical data;
determining an initial distance between each of the first predetermined number of points;
generating a fast approximate distance oracle comprising identifiers for at least a plurality of points of the received graphical data and oracle distances between at least one point associated with an identifier and at least one other point, the oracle distances including the initial distance between any of the first predetermined number of points;
selecting a second predetermined number of points of the graphical data;
determining a graphical distance for each of the second predetermined number of points relative to other points of the first and second predetermined number of points utilizing, at least in part, the fast approximate distance oracle;
calculating a potential error between the determined graphical distance and a topologic distance between each of the second predetermined number of points and the first predetermined number of points and calculating a potential error between the determined graphical distance and a topologic distance between each of the second predetermined number of points and the other second predetermined number of points;
approximating a correction for at least one of the second predetermined number of points based on at least one of the calculated potential errors;
adjusting a position of the at least one of the second predetermined number of points based on the calculated graphical distance and the correction; and
displaying the at least one of the second predetermined number of points.