1. A broadband antenna for a wireless transceiver, comprising:
a grounding unit, for grounding;
a radiating part;
a signal feed-in element, for transmitting a radio signal to the radiating part in order to emit the radio signal via the radiating part, wherein a grounding terminal of the signal feed-in element is electrically connected to the grounding unit;
a feed-in point, located on the radiating part;
a capacitor, electrically connected between the feed-in point and the signal feed-in element; and
a first inductor, having a first terminal electrically connected to the capacitor.
2. The broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein a second terminal of the first inductor is electrically connected to the grounding unit.
3. The broadband antenna of claim 1, further comprising:
a shorting unit, wherein a first terminal of the shorting unit is electrically connected to the radiating part, and a second terminal of the shorting unit is electrically connected to the grounding unit.
4. The broadband antenna of claim 3, further comprising a substrate, wherein the radiating part and the shorting unit are disposed on a same plane of the substrate.
5. The broadband antenna of claim 3, further comprising a substrate, wherein the radiating part is disposed on a first plane and a second plane of the substrate, and the shorting unit is disposed on the second plane of the substrate.
6. The broadband antenna of claim 5, wherein the substrate has at least one via, located in the area where the radiating part or the grounding unit is disposed, for electrically connecting the radiating part and the grounding unit.
7. The broadband antenna of claim 3, wherein the radiating part comprises:
a first radiating element, extending toward a first direction; and
a second radiating element, electrically connected to the first radiating element, extending toward a second direction different than the first direction;
wherein an electrical length of the first radiating element is larger than an electrical length of the second radiating element, and the shorting unit extends toward the first direction or the second direction.
8. The broadband antenna of claim 7, wherein a conjunction part of the first radiating element and the second radiating element extends toward the grounding unit, and wherein a shape of the conjunction part is rectangular, wedge-shaped, triangular, trapezoid, or geometric combined.
9. The broadband antenna of claim 1, further comprising:
a high-frequency radiating element, comprising the feed-in point; and
a low-frequency radiating element, keeping a distance from the high-frequency radiating element such that the radio signal feeds in the low-frequency radiating element from the high-frequency radiating element by coupling.
10. The broadband antenna of claim 9, further comprising:
a coupling excitation unit, electrically connected between the low-frequency radiating element and the grounding unit.
11. The broadband antenna of claim 9, wherein the high-frequency radiating element is a metal sheet with non-uniform width.
12. The broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein a branch of the radiating part is separated into two radiating elements by a break, and wherein the broadband antenna further comprises a second inductor, electrically connected to the two radiating elements of the radiating part across the break.
13. The broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein an effective capacitance of the capacitor is substantially between 1 pF and 20 pF.
14. The broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein an effective inductance of the first inductor is substantially between 1 nH and 20 nH.
15. The broadband antenna of claim 1, further comprising a metal plate, electrically connected to the radiating part, wherein the intersection of the metal plate and the radiating part forms an angle smaller than 180 degrees.
16. The broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein a feed-in direction of the signal feed-in element is parallel to a resonance direction of the radio signal on the radiating part.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An isolated peptide consisting of 50 or fewer amino acid residues that comprises amino acid residues 327 to 346 of SEQ ID NO:1.
2. The isolated peptide of claim 1 that comprises amino acid residues 321 to 346 of SEQ ID NO:1.
3. The isolated peptide of claim 2 that comprises amino acid residues 320 to 350 of SEQ ID NO:1.
4. The isolated peptide of claim 3 that comprises amino acid residues 312 to residue 361 of SEQ ID NO:1.
5. An isolated peptide consisting of 50 or fewer amino acid residues that comprises amino acid residues 327 to 346 of SEQ ID NO:1 comprising an amino acid substitution;
wherein there are no more than five amino acid substitutions between amino acid residues 327 to residue 346; and
wherein the peptide specifically binds to rat monoclonal antibody 788.
6. The isolated peptide of claim 5 comprising amino acid substitutions at a position selected from the group consisting of residues 328, 329, 331, 333 and 335, and combinations thereof, wherein,
(a) amino acid residue 328 is His, Leu, or Asn;
(b) amino acid residue 329 is Gln or Lys;
(c) amino acid residue 331 is Asn or Ser;
(d) amino acid residue 333 is Arg or Lys; andor
(e) amino acid residue 335 is Ser, Pro, or Thr.
7. The isolated peptide of claim 6 comprising no more than one amino acid substitution between residues 327 to residue 346 of the precursor GDF8, provided that the peptide specifically binds to rat monoclonal antibody 788.
8. The isolated peptide of claim 1 that comprises a specific neutralization epitope for an anti-GDF8 antibody.
9. The isolated peptide of claim 8, wherein the antibody is selected from the group consisting of rat anti-GDF8 monoclonal antibody 788 and an IgG fraction of goat anti-GDF8 polyclonal antiserum.
10. A fusion protein comprising the peptide of claim 1 or an antigenic subfragment of the peptide.
11. A nucleic acid molecule that encodes the fusion protein of claim 10.
12. A nucleic acid molecule that encodes the peptide of claim 6.
13. A nucleic acid molecule that encodes the peptide of claim 1.
14. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 13 that comprises a nucleic acid sequence of nucleotide 1112 to nucleotide 1171 of SEQ ID NO: 2.
15. A replicable cloning vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule of claim 13.
16. A host cell comprising the replicable cloning vector of claim 15.
17. The host cell of claim 16 that is transformed by the cloning vector.
18. The host cell of claim 16 that is a eukaryotic cell.
19. A method of producing a GDF8 peptide comprising the steps of culturing the host cell of claim 18, expressing the encoded peptide, and recovering the peptide.
20. A vaccine composition comprising the peptide of claim 1.
21. A vaccine composition comprising the fusion protein of claim 10.
22. The vaccine composition of claim 20 further comprising an adjuvant.
23. A method of eliciting an anti-GDF8 immune response in an animal, comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of the vaccine composition of claim 20.
24. A screening method for selecting an anti-GDF8 antibody or antibody fragment from among a plurality of antibodies or antibody fragments, comprising contacting the peptide of claim 1 with a sample comprising one or a plurality of antibodies or antibody fragments, and detecting antibody or antibody fragment that selectively binds to the peptide.
25. A method of down-regulating GDF8 activity in an animal comprising administering an antibody or antibody fragment to the animal, in an amount and for a duration effective to down-regulate GDF8 activity in the animal, wherein the antibody binds specifically to the peptide of claim 1.
26. A method of down-regulating GDF8 activity in an animal comprising immunizing the animal with an effective amount of the vaccine composition of claim 20.
27. A method of down-regulating GDF8 activity in an animal comprising immunizing the animal with an effective amount of the vaccine composition of claim 21.