1. A light source apparatus comprising: a light source that emits blue component light; a polarization adjuster that adjusts an entire polarization state of the blue component light emitted from the light source into S-polarization state at a first timing and P-polarization state at a second timing different from the first timing; a separation optical element that separates the blue component light emitted from the light source into a first optical path and a second optical path according to the polarization state adjusted by the polarization adjuster, the first optical path being for using the blue component light as excitation light, the second optical path being for using the blue component light as reference image light; a luminous body provided on the first optical path and that emits reference image light in response to the excitation light; and a combine optical element that combines the first optical path and the second optical path into a single optical path.
2. The light source apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a separationcombine optical element that separates the blue component light emitted from the light source into a plurality of optical paths for using the blue component light as the excitation light and that combines a plurality of optical paths of the reference image light emitted in response to the excitation light into a single optical path.
3. The light source apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the luminous body is provided on a rotary body provided on the first optical path.
4. A projection display apparatus comprising: a light source that emits blue component light; a polarization adjuster that adjusts an entire polarization state of the blue component light emitted from the light source into S-polarization state at a first timing and P-polarization state at a second timing different from the first timing; a separation optical element that separates the blue component light emitted from the light source into a first optical path and a second optical path according to the polarization state adjusted by the polarization adjuster, the first optical path being for using the blue component light as excitation light, the second optical path being for using the blue component light as reference image light; a luminous body provided on the first optical path and that emits reference image light in response to the excitation light; a combine optical element that combines the first optical path and the second optical path into a single optical path; an imager provided on the single optical path and that modulates light emitted from the combine optical element; and a projection unit that projects light emitted from the imager.
5. A projection display apparatus comprising:
a light source that emits blue component light;
a polarization adjuster that adjusts a polarization state of the blue component light emitted from the light source;
a separation optical element that separates the blue component light emitted from the light source into a first optical path and a second optical path according to the polarization state adjusted by the polarization adjuster, the first optical path being for using the blue component light as excitation light, the second optical path being for using the blue component light as reference image light;
an ellipsoidal reflector provided on the first optical path and having a first focal position and a second focal position;
a luminous body that emits reference image light toward the ellipsoidal reflector in response to the excitation light reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector;
a combine optical element that combines the first optical path and the second optical path into a single optical path;
a rod integrator provided on the single optical path and configured to homogenize light, the light being emitted from the combine optical element;
an imager that modulates light emitted from the rod integrator; and
a projection unit that projects light emitted from the imager, wherein
the first focal position is provided closer to the ellipsoidal reflector than the second focal position,
the luminous body is provided at the first focal position, and
a light incident surface of the rod integrator is provided at the second focal position.
6. The projection display apparatus of claim 5, wherein said polarization adjuster adjusts an entire polarization state of the blue component light emitted from the light source into S-polarization state or P-polarization state according to a timing.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. (canceled)
2. A method for processing sensor data from a dual-electrode continuous analyte sensor configured for exposure to a circulatory system of a host in vivo the method comprising:
applying a dual-electrode continuous analyte sensor to a host, wherein the sensor comprises a first working electrode disposed beneath an enzymatic portion of a membrane system and a second working electrode disposed beneath a non-enzymatic portion of the membrane system, wherein the enzymatic portion comprises an enzyme for detecting an analyte and the non-enzymatic portion comprises no enzyme or an inactive form of the enzyme;
receiving a first signal from the first working electrode associated with the analyte and non-analyte related electroactive compounds, and receiving a second signal from the second working electrode associated with the non-analyte related electroactive compounds, wherein the non-analyte related electroactive compounds have an oxidation potential that substantially overlaps with an oxidation potential of the analyte;
estimating a scaling factor, wherein the scaling factor defines a relationship between the first working electrode and the second working electrode; and
processing the first signal and the second signal to obtain a signal substantially without contribution due to non-analyte related electroactive compounds, wherein the processing comprises using the scaling factor.
3. The method for claim 2, wherein the step of applying the sensor to a host comprises contacting the sensor with a fluid.
4. The method for claim 3, wherein the fluid is a bodily fluid and the step of estimating the scaling factor comprises comparing steady-state information of the first signal and steady-state information of the second signal.
5. The method for claim 3, wherein the fluid is a non-bodily fluid and the step of contacting comprises holding the non-bodily fluid substantially stagnant during a time period.
6. The method for claim 5, wherein the step of estimating the scaling factor comprises comparing a signal increase on each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode during the time period.
7. The method for claim 2, wherein the step of estimating a scaling factor comprises evaluating transient signal information for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
8. The method for claim 2, wherein the step of estimating comprises determining a noise amplitude for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
9. The method for claim 8, wherein the step of determining a noise amplitude comprises determining a signal residual for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
10. The method for claim 9, wherein the step of determining a noise amplitude further comprises averaging a stream of signal residuals for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
11. The method for claim 2, wherein the step of estimating is performed during a transient period of a signal, wherein the transient period of the signal comprises at least one of sensor break-in and signal artifact.
12. A system for measuring an analyte, comprising:
a continuous analyte sensor configured for exposure to a circulatory system of a host in vivo the continuous analyte sensor comprising a first working electrode disposed beneath an enzymatic portion of a membrane system and a second working electrode disposed beneath a non-enzymatic portion of the membrane system, wherein the enzymatic portion comprises an enzyme for detecting the analyte and the non-enzymatic portion comprises no enzyme or an inactive form of the enzyme;
a vascular access device configured for fluid contact with a circulatory system of the host, wherein the sensor is located in or on the vascular access device;
a receiving module configured to receive a first signal from the first working electrode and a second signal from the second working electrode, wherein the first signal is associated with the analyte and non-analyte related electroactive compounds, and the second signal is associated with the non-analyte related electroactive compounds, wherein the non-analyte related electroactive compounds have an oxidation potential that substantially overlaps with an oxidation potential of the analyte; and
a processor module configured to process the first signal and the second signal and to estimate a scaling factor, wherein the scaling factor defines a relationship between the first working electrode and the second working electrode, and wherein the processor module is configured to process the first signal and the second signal using the scaling factor, whereby a signal substantially without contribution due to non-analyte related electroactive compounds is obtained.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein a fluid is provided to the vascular access device.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the fluid is a bodily fluid and the sensor is contacted with the bodily fluid.
15. The system of claim 13, wherein the fluid is a non-bodily fluid.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the processor module is configured to compare a signal increase on each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode during a time period.
17. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor module is configured to evaluate transient signal information for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode to estimate the scaling factor.
18. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor module is configured to determine a noise amplitude for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode to estimate the scaling factor.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor module is configured to determine the noise amplitude by determining a signal residual for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
20. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor module is configured to average a stream of signal residuals to determine the noise amplitude for each of the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
21. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor module is configured to determine the noise amplitude during a transient period of a signal, wherein a transient period of the signal comprises at least one of sensor break-in and signal artifact.
22. A system for measuring an analyte, comprising:
a continuous analyte sensor configured for continuous measurement of an analyte in vivo comprising a first working electrode configured to generate a signal comprising analyte and non-analyte components and a second working electrode configured to generate a second signal comprising a non-analyte related component; and
a processor module configured to process the first signal and the second signal using a scaling factor, whereby a signal substantially without contribution due to the non-analyte component is obtained, wherein the scaling factor defines a relationship between the first working electrode and the second working electrode.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the continuous analyte sensor is exposed to at least one fluid.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein the fluid is a sample of bodily fluid and the processor module is configured to process steady state information of the first signal and the second signal to estimate the scaling factor.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the steady state information of the first signal and the second signal is generated after the analyte present in the sample has been substantially used up.
26. The system of claim 23, wherein the fluid is a non-bodily fluid and the processor module is configured to process the steady state information of the first signal and the second signal to estimate the scaling factor.
27. The system of claim 26, wherein the processor module is configured to process the first signal and the second signal generated during a period of time to estimate the scaling factor.
28. The system of claim 22, wherein the scaling factor is determined in vitro.
29. The system of claim 22, wherein the scaling factor is at least one of automatically entered into the system, manually entered into the system, programmed into the system, and coded into the system.