1. A static hydraulic continuously variable transmission for switching the transmitted power by sliding a clutch valve installed within the transmission shaft, and making a short connection with a high-pressure hydraulic path and low-pressure hydraulic path via a small diameter section of the clutch valve, comprising:
a high-pressure fluid path for sending hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pump side to a hydraulic motor side;
a low-pressure fluid path for sending hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor side to the hydraulic pump side;
a hydraulic circuit including a switching valve for switching plungers to the high-pressure path or the low-pressure path;
a dual internalexternal structure formed within the valve body installed between a cylinder of the hydraulic pump and a cylinder of the hydraulic motor;
said hydraulic pump includes multiple plungers installed within a cylinder and said hydraulic motor includes multiple plungers within a separate cylinder,
wherein a fluid path connecting the small diameter clutch valve section with the outer fluid path among the high-pressure fluid path and low-pressure fluid path, is formed between the adjoining passage openings of either the hydraulic pump cylinder or the hydraulic motor cylinder, and
a distance between the inner edge of plunger holes of the cylinder forming the fluid path and the edge of the valve body, is enlarged compared to the distance between the inner edge of plunger holes of the other cylinder and the edge of the other side of the valve body.
2. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the plunger holes on the side with the larger distance to the valve body is smaller than the diameter of the plunger holes on the other side.
3. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the small diameter plunger holes are disposed adjacent to the hydraulic pump side of the variable transmission.
4. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the fluid path for connecting the small diameter clutch valve section with the outer fluid path is a tilt path disposed at an angle relative to the plunger holes hydraulic pump.
5. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, wherein a diameter of the tilt path is of a smaller diameter relative to a diameter of the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump.
6. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, wherein said tilt path is operatively connected to the passage opening of the hydraulic pump for permitting an elongated passage opening for the hydraulic pump to be formed without restriction on the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump.
7. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 6, wherein forming the tilt path to be of a larger diameter without restriction on the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump enables the pressure on the high-pressure hydraulic path to be lowered when a clutch is disengaged.
8. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, and further including a centrifugal governor clutch for regulating the speed of the pump rotation above a predetermined speed.
9. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 8, wherein said centrifugal governor clutch includes a spring sheet member operatively connected to a cam plate member, a roller disposed within a cam plate groove, a pressure plate including an arm section facing the cam plate groove and a coil spring for regulating the rotation of the pump above a predetermined speed.
10. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the inner edge of the plunger holes of the cylinder forming the fluid path and the edge of the valve body that is enlarged is disposed on the hydraulic pump side of the variable transmission and the distance between the inner edge of the plunger holes of the other cylinder and the edge of the other side of the valve body is disposed on the hydraulic motor side of the variable transmission.
11. A static hydraulic continuously variable transmission for switching transmitted power by sliding a clutch valve installed within a transmission shaft, and shortening a high-pressure hydraulic path and low-pressure hydraulic path via a small diameter section of the clutch valve comprising:
a high-pressure fluid path for sending hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pump side to a hydraulic motor side;
a low-pressure fluid path for sending hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor side to the hydraulic pump side;
a hydraulic circuit including a switching valve for switching the plungers to the high-pressure path or the low-pressure path;
a dual internalexternal structure formed within a valve body installed between a cylinder of the hydraulic pump and a cylinder of the hydraulic motor;
said hydraulic pump includes multiple plungers installed within cylinders and the hydraulic motor that includes multiple plungers installed within separate cylinders;
a fluid path connecting the small diameter clutch valve section with the outer fluid path among the high-pressure fluid path and low-pressure fluid path being formed between the adjoining passage openings of the hydraulic pump motor cylinder; and
a distance between the inner edge of the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump cylinder and the edge of the hydraulic pump side of the valve body is enlarged compared to the distance between the inner edge of the plunger holes of the hydraulic motor cylinder and the edge of the hydraulic motor side of the valve body.
12. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 11, wherein a diameter of the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump is smaller than a diameter of the plunger holes on the hydraulic motor side.
13. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 11, wherein the fluid path for connecting the small diameter clutch valve section with the outer fluid path is a tilt path disposed at an angle relative to the plunger holes hydraulic pump.
14. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 13, wherein a diameter of the tilt path is of a smaller diameter relative to a diameter of the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump.
15. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 13, wherein said tilt path is operatively connected to the passage opening of the hydraulic pump for permitting an elongated passage opening for the hydraulic pump to be formed without restriction on the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump.
16. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 15, wherein forming the tilt path to be of a larger diameter without restriction on the plunger holes of the hydraulic pump enables the pressure on the high-pressure hydraulic path to be lowered when a clutch is disengaged.
17. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 11, and further including a centrifugal governor clutch for regulating the speed of the pump rotation above a predetermined speed.
18. The static hydraulic continuously variable transmission according to claim 17, wherein said centrifugal governor clutch includes a spring sheet member operatively connected to a cam plate member, a roller disposed within a cam plate groove, a pressure plate including an arm section facing the cam plate groove and a coil spring for regulating the rotation of the pump above a predetermined speed.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A signal output apparatus, comprising:
a light-emitting element;
first brightness control circuitry configured to be supplied with a first signal and control a brightness of the light-emitting element according to the first signal so as to illuminate the light-emitting element at a first brightness when the first signal is ON; and
second brightness control circuitry configured to be supplied with a second signal including at least first and second states and control the light-emitting element to be illuminated at a second brightness different from the first brightness if the second signal assumes the first state when the light-emitting element is illuminated by the first control circuitry at the first brightness according to the first signal.
2. The signal output apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the first brightness control circuitry controls the emission state of the light-emitting element so that the light-emitting element is illuminated at a third brightness different from the first or second brightness when the first signal is OFF.
3. The signal output apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
an emission control circuit configured to be supplied with information to be output and code the information to be output into the second signal by adding an error correction or detection code to the second signal.
4. The signal output apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the light-emitting element is configured to receive an optical signal from external equipment when the first signal is OFF, and when the second brightness control circuitry does not exercise control according to the second signal.
5. The signal output apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the light-emitting element is configured to not be illuminated when receiving an optical signal, and
the second brightness control circuitry controls the brightness of the light-emitting element according to the second signal when a predetermined signal is received by the light-emitting element.
6. The signal output apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the first brightness control circuitry including:
a first resistor connected between a power source and the light-emitting element;
a second resistor connected between the light-emitting element and a first drain terminal of a first transistor; and
the first transistor having a first source terminal connected to ground, a first gate terminal connected to a first signal line providing the first signal, and the first drain terminal connected to the second resistor.
7. The signal output apparatus of claim 6, wherein
the second brightness control circuitry includes a second transistor having a second source terminal connected to ground, a second gate terminal connected to a second signal line providing the second signal, and a second drain terminal connected to a point between the light emitting element and the second resistor.
8. A signal transmitting and receiving system, comprising:
a signal output apparatus; and
a signal reception apparatus;
the signal output apparatus including:
a light-emitting element;
first brightness control circuitry configured to be supplied with a first signal and control a brightness of the light-emitting element according to the first signal so as to illuminate the light-emitting element at a first brightness when the first signal is ON; and
a second brightness control circuit configured to be supplied with a second signal including at least first and second states and control the light-emitting element to be illuminated at a second brightness different from the first brightness if the second signal assumes the first state when the light-emitting element is illuminated by the first control circuitry at the first brightness according to the first signal,
the signal reception apparatus including:
a detector configured to detect the brightness of the light-emitting element of the signal output apparatus; and
a decoder configured to decode the second signal that has been output based on the detected brightness.