1. A communications device for separating an independent source signal from a mixture of source signals provided by M signal sources, the communications device comprising:
an antenna array comprising N antenna elements for receiving at least M different summations of the M source signals, the at least M different summations defining the mixture of source signals, where N<M;
a receiver connected to said antenna array for receiving the mixture of source signals; and
a signal separation processor connected to said receiver and configured to
take samples of the mixture of source signals over time and store each sample as a data vector to create a data set;
assign each data vector within the data set to one class within a plurality of classes based on its similarity to other data vectors in the one class; and
analyze the data vectors assigned to the one class to separate the independent source signal from other signals in the mixture of source signals.
2. A communications device according to claim 1 wherein said antenna array comprises a plurality of correlated antenna elements.
3. A communications device according to claim 2 wherein said plurality of correlated antenna elements comprise a plurality of active antenna elements so that said antenna array forms a phased array.
4. A communications device according to claim 2 wherein said plurality of correlated antenna elements comprise an active antenna element and a plurality of passive antenna elements so that said antenna array forms a switched beam antenna.
5. A communications device according to claim 2 wherein at least two of said correlated antenna elements have different polarizations.
6. A communications device according to claim 5 wherein the different polarizations are orthogonal to one another.
7. A communications device according to claim 1 wherein said antenna array forms at least two antenna patterns; and further comprising a controller connected to said antenna array for selectively forming the at least two antenna patterns; and wherein said signal separation processor is configured to
determine if the different summations of the at least two source signals are correlated or statistically independent, and if not, then
cooperate with said controller for forming different beams for receiving new different summations of the at least two source signals to replace the different summations of the at least two source signals that are not correlated or statistically independent.
8. A communications device according to claim 1 wherein said antenna array comprises at least one antenna element; and further comprising:
a respective in-phase and quadrature module connected downstream to each antenna element for separating a respective different summation into an in-phase and quadrature component set, with each inphase and quadrature component set providing two inputs into said signal separation processor.
9. A communications device according to claim 1 wherein said antenna array comprises at least one antenna element; and further comprising:
a respective despreader module connected downstream to each antenna element for separating a respective different summation into a K different summation component set, with each different summation including K codes for providing K inputs into said signal separation processor.
10. A method for operating a communications device for separating an independent source signal from a mixture of source signals provided by M signal sources, the communications device comprising an antenna array comprising N antenna elements, a receiver connected to the antenna array, and a signal separation processor connected to the receiver, the method comprising:
receiving at the antenna array at least M different summations of the M source signals, the at least M different summations defining the mixture of source signals, where N<M;
providing the mixture of source signals to the receiver; and
processing by the signal separation processor the mixture of source signals received by the receiver, the processing comprising
taking samples of the mixture of source signals over time and store each sample as a data vector to create a data set,
assigning each data vector within the data set to one class within a plurality of classes based on its similarity to other data vectors in the one class, and
analyzing the data vectors assigned to the one class to separate the independent source signal from other signals in the mixture of source signals.
11. A method according to claim 10 wherein the antenna array comprises a plurality of correlated antenna elements.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein the plurality of correlated antenna elements comprise a plurality of active antenna elements so that the antenna array forms a phased array.
13. A method according to claim 11 wherein the plurality of correlated antenna elements comprise an active antenna element and a plurality of passive antenna elements so that the antenna array forms a switched beam antenna.
14. A method according to claim 11 wherein at least two of the correlated antenna elements have different polarizations.
15. A method according to claim 14 wherein the different polarizations are orthogonal to one another.
16. A method according to claim 10 wherein the antenna array forms at least two antenna patterns; wherein the communications device further comprises a controller connected to the antenna array for selectively forming the at least two antenna patterns; and the processing further comprising
determining if the different summations of the at least two source signals are correlated or statistically independent, and if not, then
cooperating with the controller for forming different beams for receiving new different summations of the at least two source signals to replace the different summations of the at least two source signals that are not correlated or statistically independent.
17. A method according to claim 10 wherein the antenna array comprises at least one antenna element; and wherein the communications device further comprises:
a respective in-phase and quadrature module connected downstream to each antenna element for separating a respective different summation into an in-phase and quadrature component set, with each in-phase and quadrature component set providing two inputs into the signal separation processor.
18. A method according to claim 10 wherein the antenna array comprises at least one antenna element; and wherein the communications device further comprises:
a respective despreader module connected downstream to each antenna element for separating a respective different summation into a K different summation component set, with each different summation including K codes for providing K inputs into the signal separation processor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An insertion instrument for delivery of an intraocular lens into a human eye through a small incision, said apparatus including:
an elongate generally tubular member having a longitudinal axis and defining a lumen,
said tubular member having a tapered nozzle portion defining an outlet end opening for release of the lens into the eye, and having a lens insertion opening spaced from said outlet end opening,
a lens receptacle defining a lens chamber communicating with said lens insertion opening in said tubular member, said lens receptacle having oppositely laterally extending slot portions,
a ram slidable in said lens chamber and having laterally oppositely extending wing portions slidable in said lens receptacle slot portions,
said ram having an end portion contoured to cooperate with an inner lumen wall to fold the lens into a folded pre-insertion configuration, and
a plunger for urging the lens through said lumen and outwardly therefrom into the eye.
2. An insertion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
at least one slit is defined in the tapered nozzle portion to facilitate the spreading of the nozzle portion upon movement therethrough of the lens.
3. Canceled.
4. Canceled.
5. An insertion apparatus according to claim 1, and further including:
a ridge on said end portion of the ram and positioned and adapted to retain the folded lens against rotation relative to said inner lumen wall.
6. Canceled.
7. An insertion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the plunger has a forward portion recessed and configurated to engage the end portion of a folded lens haptic to accurately urge the lens through the lumen.
8. An insertion apparatus for delivery of an intraocular lens into a human eye through a small incision, said apparatus including:
an elongate generally tubular member having a longitudinal axis and defining a lumen,
said tubular member having a tapered nozzle portion defining an outlet end opening for release of the lens into the eye,
ram means for insertion into the lumen of said lens via an insertion opening in the tubular member with said lens in a folded condition,
plunger means for urging the lens through the lumen and outwardly therefrom into the eye, and
at least one stabilizer extending outwardly from a forward end portion of the plunger to exert force on the folded lens to maintain the lens in predetermined orientation and in folded configuration during movement of the lens through the lumen.
9. A lens insertion apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:
the stabilizer element is an optic stabilizer extending upwardly and forwardly of the forward end portion of the plunger to engage the folded optic of the lens to urge it downwardly and forwardly toward the nozzle portion.
10. A lens insertion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the stabilizer element slidably engages the lumen wall.
11. A lens insertion apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:
said stabilizer is a plate stabilizer extending laterally outwardly from the forward end portion of the plunger to overlay and exert pressure on a folded lens haptic for maintaining a haptic in folded configuration and correctly oriented during movement through the lumen.
12. A lens insertion apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:
two plate stabilizers extend oppositely from said plunger end portion to act on a lens haptic to maintain it in folded configuration and correctly oriented during movement through the lumen.
13. An insertion apparatus for delivery of an intraocular lens into a human eye through a small incision, said apparatus including:
an elongate generally tubular member having a longitudinal axis and defining a lumen,
said tubular member having a tapered nozzle portion defining an outlet end opening for release of the lens into the eye,
ram means for insertion into the lumen of said lens via an insertion opening in the tubular member with said lens in a folded condition,
a plunger for urging the lens through the lumen and outwardly therefrom into the eye,
said tapered nozzle portion having defined therein at least one longitudinal slit extending to said outlet opening for resilient spreading of the tapered nozzle portion upon movement therethrough of the lens,
an optic stabilizer extending forwardly and upwardly of the forward end portion of the plunger to engage the folded optic of the lens to urge it downwardly and forwardly, and
at least one plate stabilizer extending laterally outwardly from the forward end portion of the plunger to overlay and exert pressure on a lens haptic to aid in maintaining the haptic in folded configuration and properly oriented during movement through the lumen.
14. An insertion apparatus according to claim 13, wherein:
the plunger has a forward end face recessed and configurated to engage the trailing end portion of a folded lens haptic for accurate engagement to urge the lens through the lumen from its pre-insertion position through the lumen and outwardly in to the eye of a patient.
15-20. Canceled.
21. An insertion apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:
said ram means comprises a ram member slidably mounted for movement through said insertion opening, and
said ram means has an end portion contoured to cooperate with an inner wall of said lumen to fold the lens into a folded pre-insertion configuration.
22. An insertion apparatus according to claim 13, and further including:
a lens receptacle defining a lens chamber communicating with said lens insertion opening in said tubular member, and
said ram means is slidable in said lens chamber.
23. An insertion apparatus according to claim 22, wherein:
said ram means has an end portion contoured to cooperate with an inner lumen wall to fold the lens into a folded pre-insertion configuration.
24. An insertion instrument according to claim 1, and further comprising:
means comprising a pinion engaging a rack connected with the plunger to urge the lens through the lumen and outwardly therefrom into the eye.
25. An insertion instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
said contoured rain end portion has a curvature similar to a curvature of a confronting tubular member wall and extends to engage the lens to roll and fold the lens between the ram contoured end portion and the curved tubular member.