1. An optical device, comprising:
a plurality of polarizers that are arranged along a propagation direction of incident light;
a first phase element that is disposed between the plurality of polarizers and that has a phase lag axis forming a prescribed angle relative to transmission axes of the polarizers arranged along the propagation direction; and
a second phase element that is disposed between the first phase element and one of the polarizers arranged along the propagation direction, and that provides the incident light with a prescribed phase difference, wherein
an angle of the phase lag axis of the second phase element is adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
2. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
the plurality of polarizers each have a transmission axis in substantially the same direction as each other.
3. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
the second phase element is a \xbd wavelength plate.
4. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
the phase lag axis of the first phase element forms an angle of 45 degrees relative to the transmission axes of the polarizers.
5. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
the phase difference provided to the incident light by the first phase element is also adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
6. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
three or more of the polarizers are arranged along the propagation direction of the incident light,
each of a plurality of the first phase elements is disposed respectively between a pair of the three or more polarizers,
each of a plurality of the second phase elements is disposed respectively at a position immediately preceding one of the three or more polarizers and following one of the first phase elements, relative to the propagation direction.
7. The optical device according to claim 6, wherein
the angle of the phase lag axis of each of the plurality of second phase elements is adjusted according to a transmission amount, which is a desired amount of transmitted light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
8. The optical device according to claim 6, wherein
the delay amount provided to the incident light by each of the plurality of first phase elements is adjusted according to a transmission amount, which is a desired amount of transmitted light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
9. The optical device according to claim 6, wherein
a plurality of optical elements formed of the polarizers, the first phase elements, and the second phase elements are arranged in a matrix.
10. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
light transmission characteristics of the polarizers relating to a polarization direction of light are also adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
11. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
an angle between the transmission axis of a certain polarizer and the transmission axis of another polarizer is adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
12. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
an angle between the transmission axis of at least one of the polarizers and the propagation direction of the incident light is adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
13. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
the transmission axis of at least one of the polarizers is adjusted to be in a plane that is not perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light, such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
14. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein
an extinction ratio of at least one of the polarizers is lower than a preset value such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
15. An optical device, comprising:
a plurality of polarizers that are arranged along a propagation direction of incident light; and
a first phase element that is disposed between the plurality of polarizers arranged along the propagation direction and that has a phase lag axis making a prescribed angle in relation to transmission axes of the polarizers arranged along the propagation path, wherein
light transmission characteristics of the polarizers relating to a polarization direction of light are adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
16. The optical device according to claim 15, wherein
an angle between the transmission axis of a certain polarizer and the transmission axis of another polarizer is adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
17. The optical device according to claim 15, wherein
an angle between the transmission axis of at least one of the polarizers and the propagation direction of the incident light is adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
18. The optical device according to claim 17, wherein
the transmission axis of at least one of the polarizers is adjusted to be in a plane that is not perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light, such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
19. The optical device according to claim 15, wherein
an extinction ratio of at least one of the polarizers is lower than a preset value such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
20. The optical device according to claim 15, wherein
a phase difference provided to the incident light by the first phase element is adjusted such that the optical device transmits light in the prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
21. An optical system, comprising:
an optical device;
an image acquiring section that captures an image of a subject;
a detecting section that detects an object showing the subject in the image;
a spectrum information storing section that stores a spectrum of light from the subject shown by the object, in association with the object; and
a control section that controls a spectral transmission factor of the optical device according to the spectrum stored by the spectrum information storing section in association with the object detected by the detecting section, wherein
the optical device includes:
a plurality of polarizers that are arranged along a propagation direction of incident light;
a first phase element that is disposed between the plurality of polarizers and that has a phase lag axis forming a prescribed angle relative to transmission axes of the polarizers arranged along the propagation direction; and
a second phase element that is disposed between the first phase element and one of the polarizers arranged along the propagation direction, and that provides the incident light with a prescribed phase difference, and
the control section adjusts an angle of the phase lag axis of the second phase element according to the spectrum stored by the spectrum information storing section in association with the object detected by the detecting section, such that the optical device transmits light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
22. The optical system according to claim 21, wherein
the control section also adjusts the phase difference provided to the incident light by the first phase element according to the spectrum stored by the spectrum information storing section in association with the object detected by the detecting section, such that the optical device transmits light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
23. An optical system, comprising:
an optical device;
an image acquiring section that captures an image of a subject;
a detecting section that detects an object showing the subject in the image;
a spectrum information storing section that stores a spectrum of light from the subject shown by the object, in association with the object; and
a control section that controls a spectral transmission factor of the optical device according to the spectrum stored by the spectrum information storing section in association with the object detected by the detecting section, wherein
the optical device includes:
a plurality of polarizers that are arranged along a propagation direction of incident light; and
a first phase element that is disposed between the plurality of polarizers and that has a phase lag axis forming a prescribed angle relative to transmission axes of the polarizers arranged along the propagation direction, and
the control section adjusts light transmission characteristics of the polarizers relating to a polarization direction of light according to the spectrum stored by the spectrum information storing section in association with the object detected by the detecting section, such that the optical device transmits light in a prescribed wavelength region in the incident light.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A mobile communication terminal apparatus which communicates with either a first base station or a second base station and performs a handover from one to another of the base stations, the mobile communication terminal apparatus comprising:
an array antenna which outputs a plurality of signals;
a plurality of multipliers that multiply the signals output from the array antenna by weighting factors, and output multiplication result signals;
a reception device configured to generate a reception signal based on the multiplication result signals output from the multipliers;
a control device configured to perform a calculation for the weighting factors based on the reception signal, and adaptively control the multipliers by supplying the calculated weighting factors thereto; and
an initial value calculating device configured to calculate at least one initial value for the weighting factors prior to the handover,
wherein
the control device starts the calculation for the weighting factors using the initial value when the handover is performed and
the initial value calculating device includes:
an estimation device configured to estimate an arrival direction of radio waves radiated from the second base station and arrived at the mobile communication terminal apparatus; and
a storing device configured to store the initial value of the weighting factors that is calculated with regard to the arrival direction.
2. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) scheme.
3. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) scheme.
4. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the estimation device acquires a base station list from the first base station or other base stations, and selects the second base station among the other base stations with reference to the base station list.
5. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the initial value calculating device outputs the initial value for the weighting factors calculated with regard to the arrival direction when a reception level is higher than a predetermined threshold value.
6. A mobile communication terminal apparatus which communicates with either a first base station or a second base station and performs a handover from one to another of the base stations, the mobile communication terminal apparatus comprising:
an array antenna which outputs a plurality of signals;
a plurality of multipliers that multiply the signals output from the array antenna by weighting factors, and output multiplication result signals;
a reception device configured to generate a reception signal based on the multiplication result signals output from the multipliers;
a control device configured to perform a calculation for the weighting factors based on the reception signal, and adaptively control the multipliers by supplying the calculated weighting factors thereto; and
an initial value calculating device configured to calculate at least one initial value for the weighting factors prior to the handover,
wherein
the control device starts the calculation for the weighting factors using the initial value when the handover is performed,
the initial value calculating device includes,
an estimation device configured to estimate an arrival direction of radio waves radiated from the second base station and arrived at the mobile communication terminal apparatus, and
a storing device configured to store the initial value of the weighting factors that is calculated with regard to the arrival direction,
the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) scheme, and
the estimation device estimates said arrival direction through a time zone other than a time slot specified in the TDMA scheme.
7. A mobile communication terminal apparatus which communicates with either a first base station or a second base station and performs a handover from one to another of the base stations, the mobile communication terminal apparatus comprising:
an array antenna which outputs a plurality of signals;
a plurality of multipliers that multiply the signals output from the array antenna by weighting factors, and output multiplication result signals;
a reception device configured to generate a reception signal based on the multiplication result signals output from the multipliers;
a control device configured to perform a calculation for the weighting factors based on the reception signal, and adaptively control the multipliers by supplying the calculated weighting factors thereto; and
an initial value calculating device configured to calculate at least one initial value for the weighting factors prior to the handover,
wherein
the control device starts the calculation for the weighting factors using the initial value when the handover is performed and
the initial value calculating device updates the initial value for the weighting factors calculated with regard to the arrival direction by applying an adaptive control algorithm including LMS(Least Mean Square) to the initial value.
8. A mobile communication terminal apparatus which communicates with either a first base station or a second base station and performs a handover from one to another of the base stations, the mobile communication terminal apparatus comprising:
an array antenna which outputs a plurality of signals;
a plurality of multipliers that multiply the signals output from the array antenna by weighting factors, and output multiplication result signals;
a reception device configured to generate a reception signal based on the multiplication result signals output from the multipliers;
a control device configured to perform a calculation for the weighting factors based on the reception signal, and adaptively control the multipliers by supplying the calculated weighting factors thereto;
an initial value calculating device configured to calculate at least one initial value for the weighting factors prior to the handover, the initial value calculating device including:
an estimation device configured to estimate an arrival direction of radio waves radiated from the second base station and arrived at the mobile communication terminal apparatus; and
a storing device configured to store information that identifies the estimated arrival direction;
wherein
the control device starts the calculation for the weighting factors using the initial value when the handover is performed.
9. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) scheme.
10. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the estimation device estimates said arrival direction through a time zone other than a time slot specified in the TDMA scheme.
11. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) scheme.
12. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the estimation device acquires a base station list from the first base station or other base stations, and selects the second base station among the other base stations with reference to the base station list.
13. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the initial value calculating device updates the initial value for the weighting factors calculated with regard to the arrival direction by applying an adaptive control algorithm including LMS(Least Mean Square) to the initial value.
14. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the initial value calculating device outputs the initial value for the weighting factors calculated with regard to the arrival direction when a reception level is higher than a predetermined threshold value.
15. A mobile communication terminal apparatus which communicates with either a first base station or a second base station and performs a handover from one to another of the base stations, the mobile communication terminal apparatus comprising:
an array antenna which outputs a plurality of signals;
a plurality of multipliers that multiply the signals output from the array antenna by weighting factors, and output multiplication result signals;
a reception device configured to generate a reception signal based on the multiplication result signals output from the multipliers;
a control device configured to perform a calculation for the weighting factors based on the reception signal, and adaptively control the multipliers by supplying the calculated weighting factors thereto;
an initial value calculating device configured to calculate at least one initial value for the weighting factors prior to the handover;
a storing device configured to store the calculated initial value;
wherein
the control device starts the calculation for the weighting factors using the initial value when the handover is performed.
16. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) scheme.
17. The mobile communication terminal apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the reception device performs a radio communication between the mobile communication terminal apparatus and the first base station or the second base station in accordance with the CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) scheme.
18. A mobile communication terminal apparatus which communicates with either a first base station or a second base station and performs a handover from one to another of the base stations, the mobile communication terminal apparatus comprising:
an array antenna which outputs a plurality of signals;
a plurality of multipliers that multiply the signals output from the array antenna by weighting factors, and output multiplication result signals;
a reception device configured to generate a reception signal based on the multiplication result signals output from the multipliers;
a control device configured to perform a calculation for the weighting factors based on the reception signal, and adaptively control the multipliers by supplying the calculated weighting factors thereto; and
an initial value calculating device configured to calculate at least one initial value for the weighting factors prior to the handover,
wherein
the control device starts the calculation for the weighting factors using the initial value when the handover is performed and the mobile communication terminal apparatus further comprises:
a first synchronization circuit for bit synchronization and frame synchronization, which is used for communication with the first base station; and
a second synchronization circuit for bit synchronization and frame synchronization, which is used for communication with the second base station.