1. A method of labeling a peptide, nucleotide, steroid, drug, amino acid, protein, nucleic acid polymer, carbohydrate, or lipid, wherein the method involves conjugation of the peptide, nucleotide, steroid, drug, amino acid, protein, nucleic acid polymer, carbohydrate, or lipid with a compound having the following structure:
wherein R1 to R3, R6, R8 to R11 and R13 to R16 are hydrogen, alkyl having from 1-20 carbons, alkoxy having from 1-20 carbons, trifluoromethyl, halogen, methylthio, sulfonyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, or nitro, and wherein R4 is a chemically reactive group, and wherein R5 is an alkyl having from 1-20 carbons, and wherein R7 is a thiophene or a substituted thiophene,
and wherein the conjugation comprises covalent attachment of the compound to a functional group on the peptide, nucleotide, steroid, drug, amino acid, protein, nucleic acid polymer, carbohydrate, or lipid, using the chemically reactive group.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chemically reactive group is a carboxylic acid, an activated carboxylic ester, a sulfonyl chloride, an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an acyl azide, an aldehyde, an anhydride, an acyl chloride, an aziridine, an epoxide, a halotriazine, an imido ester, a haloacetamide, a maleimide, an alcohol, a phosphoramidite, an aryl azide, a reactive platinum complex or psoralen.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein R15 and R16 are hydrogen or alkyl having from 1-20 carbons.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein R13 is trifluoromethyl, halogen, methylthio, sulfonyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, or nitro.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein R1 to R3 are hydrogen.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein R8 to R11 are hydrogen.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein R15 and R16 are alkyl having from 1-20 carbons.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the chemically reactive group is a carboxylic acid, an activated carboxylic ester, an acyl azide or a haloacetamide.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein R13 is trifluoromethyl, halogen, methylthio, sulfonyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, or nitro.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein R1 to R3 are hydrogen.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An operation error detection device comprising:
an input section for receiving a manipulation input of a user;
a biological signal detection section for measuring an event-related potential of electroencephalogram of the user; and
an operation error judgment section for judging whether or not the manipulation input is due to an operation error of the user using the event-related potential at around 300 ms from a starting point when the input section receives the manipulation input.
2. The operation error detection device of claim 1, wherein if a positive component appears in part of the event-related potential located around 300 ms from the staring point, the operation error judgment section judges that the manipulation input is due to an operation error and if a positive component does not appear in the part, the operation error judgment section judges that the manipulation input is not due to an operation error.
3. The operation error detection device of claim 1, wherein the operation error judgment section performs judgment using a signal template when an operation error occurs.
4. An equipment including the operation error detection device of claim 1, the equipment comprising: an equipment operation control section for determining an operation of the equipment based on a result of judgment by the operation error judgment section.
5. The equipment of claim 4, wherein the equipment operation control section receives the manipulation input from the operation error judgment section and determines an operation according to the manipulation input, and
when it is judged that the manipulation input is due to an operation error, the operation error judgment section stops sending the manipulation input to the equipment operation control section.
6. The equipment of claim 4, wherein the equipment operation control section receives the manipulation input from the input section and determines an operation according to the manipulation input, and
when it is judged that the manipulation input is due to an operation error, the operation error judgment section instructs the equipment operation control section to cancel the operation.
7. The equipment of claim 4, further comprising a correction operation determination section for determining for the manipulation input received by the input section a correction operation when the manipulation input is due to an operation error,
wherein when it is judged that the manipulation input is due to an operation error, the operation error judgment section instructs the correction operation determination section to determine a correction operation for the manipulation input and send the correction operation to the equipment operation control section.
8. The equipment of claim 4, wherein when it is judged that the manipulation error is due to an operation error, the operation error judgment section instructs the equipment operation control section to notify a user that an operation error has been detected.
9. An equipment including the operation error detection device of claim 1, comprising a storage section for storing the manipulation input received by the input section and a result of judgment by the operation error judgment section.
10. An operation error detection method comprising the steps of:
receiving a manipulation input of a user;
measuring an event-related potential of electroencephalogram of the user; and
judging whether or not the manipulation input is due to an operation error of the user using the event-related potential at around 300 ms from a starting point when the input section receives the manipulation input.
11. An equipment evaluation method comprising:
a first step of judging using the operation error detection method of claim 10 whether or not the manipulation input to an equipment is due to an operation error;
a second step of storing a result of the judgment in the first step; and
a third step of evaluating operability of the equipment based on the result of the judgment stored in the second step.