1. A nonlinear system for mitigating nonlinearity from a nonlinear behavior having memory or exhibiting a memory effect comprising:
a memory storing executable components; and
a processor, coupled to the memory, configured to execute or facilitate execution of the executable components, comprising:
a nonlinear component configured to process an input and provide an output that comprises a nonlinearity; and
a distortion component configured to generate a model of the nonlinearity of the nonlinear component based on a segmentwise piecewise polynomial approximation and provide a model output that decreases the nonlinearity.
2. The nonlinear system of claim 1, further comprising:
A distortion core component configured to generate an approximation of the nonlinearity or an inverse approximation based on the segmentwise piecewise polynomial approximation applied to a number of N segments of a function of the nonlinearity.
3. The nonlinear system of claim 2, wherein the number of N segments comprising a P order of complexity, wherein N and P comprise an integer of at least two.
4. The nonlinear system of claim 2, further comprising:
an error component configured to control an approximation error based on the number of segments and a segmentation of the number of segments, wherein the approximation error is based on a nonlinearity function of the nonlinearity and an approximation of the nonlinearity function through the piecewise polynomial function with the number of N segments.
5. The nonlinear system of claim 1, further comprising:
a coefficient component configured to receive the input and the output and estimate a set of coefficients based on the input signal, the output and the model output that is generated by the distortion component to mitigate the nonlinearity from the processing operation.
6. The nonlinear system of claim 5, wherein the distorter component generates the model output without changing a degree of complexity of the nonlinear component and is configured to model the nonlinearity of the nonlinear component as a function of the set of coefficients.
7. The nonlinear system of claim 6, wherein the distortion component is further configured to generate the model output based on the model comprising the input and a pre-inverse function or a post inverse function of the nonlinearity of the nonlinear component that mitigates the nonlinearity from the processing operation.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the nonlinear component comprises at least one of a power amplifier, an analog component or a digital component of a communication transceiver, or a hybrid analog and digital component configured to separately transmit and receive signals.
9. The nonlinear system of claim 1, wherein the distortion component is further configured to generate the model of the nonlinearity by generating a segmentwise piecewise polynomial approximation or an inverse approximation of a nonlinear function that corresponds to the nonlinearity of the nonlinear component in real time via a number of N segments, wherein N comprises an integer greater than one, and the N segments comprise a P order of complexity, wherein P comprises an integer of at least two.
10. The nonlinear system of claim 1, further comprising:
a distortion core component configured to execute runtime operations of the input with a set of coefficients for a memory slice of the nonlinear behavior and the output that comprises the nonlinearity; and
a lookup table generator configured to receive a set of coefficients from a coefficient component and generate a lookup table to provide the set of coefficients to the distortion core component corresponding to the memory slice.
11. The nonlinear system of claim 1, further comprising:
a coefficient component configured to estimate the set of coefficients that correspond to the nonlinearity of the nonlinear component for the memory slice, process the input and an error based on a number of segments selected of a nonlinear function of the nonlinearity, and determine a segmentation of the number of segments.
12. The nonlinear system of claim 11, further comprising:
an adaptive segmentation component configured to determine the segmentation of the number of segments based on the error and an order of complexity of the number of segments and to select the number of segments of the nonlinear function upon which the segmentwise piecewise polynomial approximation operates.
13. A mobile device that mitigates nonlinearity from a nonlinear behavior of a nonlinear component, comprising:
a memory storing executable instructions; and
a processor, coupled to the memory, that executes or facilitates execution of the executable instructions to at least:
facilitate a nonlinearity in an output with a nonlinearity function via the nonlinear component;
generate an evaluation of the nonlinearity function of the output based on a piecewise polynomial approximation that is applied to segments of the nonlinearity function; and
provide a model output that decreases a nonlinearity that is generated by the nonlinearity function based on the evaluation.
14. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the processor further executes or facilitates the execution of the executable instructions to:
determine, as a part of the evaluation, a set of coefficients that is a function of the input signal, the output signal and the modified output.
15. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the processor further executes or facilitates the execution of the executable instructions to:
control an approximation error based on the number of segments and a segmentation of the number of segments.
16. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the processor further executes or facilitates the execution of the executable instructions to:
generate a lookup table corresponding to a set of coefficients of the nonlinear function related to a memory slice of the nonlinear component.
17. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the processor further executes or facilitates the execution of the executable instructions to:
determine a segmentation of the number of segments based on an approximation error of the number of segments.
18. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the processor further executes or facilitates the execution of the executable instructions to:
identify a set of coefficients of the nonlinear function related to a memory slice with one or more least squares operations as part of the piecewise polynomial approximation; and
generate, via one or more multipliers, the evaluation by indexing a look up table for a set of coefficients corresponding to a memory slice in Cartesian coordinates.
19. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the processor further executes or facilitates the execution of the executable instructions to:
identify a set of coefficients of the nonlinear function related to a memory slice with one or more least squares operations as part of the piecewise polynomial approximation; and
generate, via one or more CORDIC components and independent of a multiplier, the evaluation by indexing a look up table for a set of coefficients corresponding to a memory slice in Polar coordinates.
20. A method for mitigating nonlinearity in a nonlinear component comprising:
approximating, via a processing device coupled to a memory, a nonlinearity function of the nonlinearity with a set of piecewise polynomial approximations to different segments of the nonlinearity; and
providing a model output that decreases the nonlinearity generated by the nonlinear component that comprises a post inverse of the nonlinearity function or a pre-inverse of the nonlinearity function that operates to decrease the nonlinearity in an output of the nonlinear component as a function of the set of piecewise polynomial approximations.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
determining an approximation error as a function of a nonlinearity function and at least one of the set of piecewise polynomial functions.
22. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
selecting the different segments of the nonlinearity function to a memory slice based on at least one of an approximation error or an order of complexity of the different segments.
23. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
adaptively determining a set of coefficients corresponding to the nonlinearity function of a memory slice with a least square operation applied to the different segments of the nonlinearity function of the memory slice as a function of at least one of the different segments selected, the number of the different segments selected, an approximation error, an order of complexity of the different segments selected, or a previous set of coefficients stored in a look up table corresponding to a previous memory slice; and
iteratively updating at least one look up table with the set of coefficients.
24. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
generating the model output as a function of a set of coefficients from at least one look table and at least one of a preceding output result of a preceding memory slice, a set of multiplications computing a magnitude of an input to the nonlinearity component in a Cartesian coordinate system, or a set of CORDIC computations without one or more multipliers computing the magnitude of the input to the nonlinearity component in a polar coordinate system.
25. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
controlling an approximation error of the model output based on a number of the different segments, a segmentation of the number of segments, and a polynomial order per segment.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1-8. (canceled)
9. A digital signal transmission system comprising a transmission apparatus and a reception apparatus, the digital signal transmission system characterized in that
the transmission apparatus comprises:
clock generating means for generating a first clock and a second clock;
frequency information outputting means for outputting frequency information related to a frequency of the first clock;
first signal processing means for processing a first signal and outputting a first digital signal based on the first clock generated by the clock generating means;
second signal processing means for processing a second signal and outputting a second digital signal based on the second clock generated by the clock generating means; and
transmitting means for transmitting the second clock generated by the clock generating means, the frequency information output by the frequency information outputting means, the first digital signal output by the first signal processing means, and the second digital signal output by the second signal processing means; and
the reception apparatus comprises:
receiving means for receiving the signals transmitted by the transmitting means;
division ratio information generating means for generating division ratio information, which represents a division ratio, based on the frequency information extracted from the signals received by the receiving means; and
clock reproducing means for reproducing the first clock based on the second clock extracted from the signals received by the receiving means and the division ratio information;
wherein
the clock generating means generates a signal of a comparative frequency by dividing a signal of given frequency generated based on a result of comparison of phase of a signal of reference frequency generated by dividing the second clock with the signal of comparative frequency.
10. A digital signal transmission method for a digital signal transmission system comprising a transmission apparatus and a reception apparatus, the digital signal transmission method characterized in that
a transmission method of the transmission apparatus comprises:
a clock generating step of generating a first clock and a second clock;
a frequency information outputting step of outputting frequency information related to a frequency of the first clock;
a first signal processing step of processing a first signal and outputting a first digital signal based on the first clock generated by the processing of the clock generating step;
a second signal processing step of processing a second signal and outputting a second digital signal based on the second clock generated by the processing of the clock generating step; and
a transmitting step of transmitting the second clock generated by the processing of the clock generating step, the frequency information output by the processing of the frequency information outputting step, the first digital signal output by the processing of the first signal processing step, and the second digital signal output by the processing of the second signal processing step; and
a reception method of the reception apparatus comprises:
a receiving step of receiving the signals sent by the processing of the transmitting step;
a division ratio information generating step of generating division ratio information, which represents a division ratio, based on the frequency information extracted from the signals received by the processing of the receiving step; and
a clock reproducing step of reproducing the first clock based on the second clock extracted from the signals received by the processing of the receiving step and the division ratio information;
wherein
in the clock generating step, a signal of a comparative frequency is generated by dividing a signal of given frequency generated based on a result of comparison of phase of a signal of reference frequency generated by dividing the second clock with the signal of comparative frequency.
11. A transmission apparatus for transmitting a first digital signal and a second digital signal, the transmission apparatus characterized by comprising:
clock generating means for generating a first clock and a second clock;
frequency information outputting means for outputting frequency information related to a frequency of the first clock;
first signal processing means for processing a first signal and outputting the first digital signal based on the first clock generated by the clock generating means;
second signal processing means for processing a second signal and outputting the second digital signal based on the second clock generated by the clock generating means; and
transmitting means for transmitting the second clock generated by the clock generating means, the frequency information output by the frequency information outputting means, the first digital signal output by the first signal processing means, and the second digital signal output by the second signal processing means.
12. A transmission method for a transmission apparatus that transmits a first digital signal and a second digital signal, the transmission method characterized by comprising:
a clock generating step of generating a first clock and a second clock;
a frequency information outputting step of outputting frequency information related to a frequency of the first clock;
a first signal processing step of processing a first signal and outputting the first digital signal based on the first clock generated by the processing of the clock generating step;
a second signal processing step of processing a second signal and outputting the second digital signal based on the second clock generated by the processing of the clock generating step; and
a transmitting step of transmitting the second clock generated by the processing of the clock generating step, the frequency information output by the processing of the frequency information outputting step, the first digital signal output by the processing of the first signal processing step, and the second digital signal output by the processing of the second signal processing step.
13. A reception apparatus for receiving a first digital signal and a second digital signal, the reception apparatus characterized by comprising:
receiving means for receiving the first digital signal, the second digital signal, the frequency information related to a first clock, and a signal including a second clock, all of which transmitted from a transmission apparatus;
division ratio information generating means for generating division ratio information, which represents a division ratio, based on the frequency information extracted from the signals received by the receiving means; and
clock reproducing means for reproducing the first clock based on the second clock received by the receiving means and the division ratio information generated by the division ratio information generating means; wherein
the clock generating means generates a signal of a comparative frequency by dividing a signal of given frequency generated based on a result of comparison of phase of a signal of reference frequency generated by dividing the second clock with the signal of comparative frequency.
14. The reception apparatus according to claim 13 characterized in that the clock reproducing means further comprises:
a first dividing means for dividing the second clock extracted from a signal received by the receiving means by a first division ratio and generating a signal of a reference frequency;
phase comparing means for comparing a phase of a signal of the reference frequency generated by the first dividing means, with a phase of a signal of a comparison frequency, and outputting a phase error signal;
smoothing means for smoothing the error signal output by the phase comparing means;
oscillating means for oscillating a signal of a constant frequency controlled based on an output from the smoothing means;
a second dividing means for dividing the signal of a constant frequency, oscillated by the oscillating means, by a second division ratio based on the division ratio information generated by the division ratio generating means;
a third dividing means for dividing the signal generated by the second dividing means, by a third division ratio based on the division ratio information generated by the division ratio information generating means; and
a fourth dividing means for dividing the signal generated by the third dividing means, by a fourth division ratio and generating the signal of a comparison frequency.
15. A reception method for a reception apparatus that receives a first digital signal and a second digital signal, the reception method characterized by comprising:
a receiving step of receiving the first digital signal, the second digital signal, frequency information related to a first clock, and a signal including a second clock, all of which transmitted from a transmission apparatus;
a division ratio information generating step of generating division ratio information, which represents a division ratio, based on the frequency information extracted from the signals received by the processing of the receiving step; and
a clock reproducing step of reproducing the first clock based on the second clock received by the processing of the receiving step and the division ratio information generated by the processing of the division ratio information generating step;
wherein
in the clock generating step, a signal of a comparative frequency is generated by dividing a signal of given frequency generated based on a result of comparison of phase of a signal of reference frequency generated by dividing the second clock with the signal of comparative frequency.
16. The reception method according to claim 15 characterized in that the clock reproducing step further comprises:
a first dividing step of dividing the second clock extracted from a signal received by the processing of the receiving step, by a first division ratio and generating a signal of a reference frequency;
a phase comparing step of comparing a phase of a signal of the reference frequency generated by the processing of the first dividing step, with a phase of a signal of a comparison frequency and generating a phase error signal;
a smoothing step of smoothing the error signal generated by the processing of the phase comparing step;
an oscillating step of oscillating a signal of a constant frequency based on the signal smoothed by the processing of the smoothing step;
a second dividing step of dividing the signal of a constant frequency, oscillated by the processing of the oscillating step, by a second division ratio based on the division ratio information generated by the processing of the division ratio generating step;
a third dividing step of dividing the signal, generated by the processing of the second dividing step, by a third division ratio based on the division ratio information generated by the processing of the division ratio generating step; and
a fourth dividing step of dividing the signal, generated by the processing of the third dividing step, by a fourth division ratio and generating the signal of a comparison frequency.