1. A method for manufacturing contactless portable objects having an integrated circuit, which comprises the following steps:
providing a dielectric antenna substrate which carries an antenna circuit and has at least one turn and two contact terminals, wherein a first contact terminal is interior to the antenna circuit, and a second contact terminal is exterior to said antenna circuit;
providing a bridge which comprises a dielectric bridge substrate, a chip having an integrated circuit and a circuit for connecting said chip to the antenna circuit; and
placing said bridge provided with said chip onto said dielectric antenna substrate, so that
the bridge forms an electrical connection between said chip and said antenna circuit, and
the chip is positioned, while being protected between the bridge substrate and the antenna substrate or being incorporated within said antenna substrate, at a position offset with respect to the turn or turns of the antenna.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the contact terminal is offset towards the center of the substrate (and in that the chip is positioned so as to directly face the substrate between the inner turn of the antenna and said terminal.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge is positioned onto the rear side of the substrate which carries the antenna circuit.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the substrate has three holes, in that two of said holes form a connection with the antenna terminals and in that the last hole accommodates the chip.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the substrate has two holes into which ends of the bridge are folded back for electrical connection to the antenna terminals through said holes.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge further comprises a connection circuit and in that the electrical connection between said chip and said antenna circuit is formed by said connection circuit.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge further comprises an insulating film, wherein said insulating film at least partially covers the connection circuit.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge is placed onto the antenna substrate so that the chip of said bridge is located between the dielectric bridge substrate and said antenna substrate.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chip is placed onto the substrate of the bridge by means of manipulator arms of pick-and-place machines whose displacements are restricted by the size of said substrate.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric bridge substrate carries the chip and the connection circuit, wherein, after the bridge is placed on said dielectric antenna substrate, the connection circuit forms the electrical connection between said chip and said antenna circuit.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the dielectric bridge substrate extends at least from the chip to a connection point between the connection circuit and the antenna circuit.
12. A contactless portable object having an integrated circuit, which comprises:
a dielectric antenna substrate provided with an antenna circuit having at least one turn and two contact terminals; and
a bridge placed onto said dielectric antenna substrate, wherein said bridge comprises a dielectric bridge substrate and a chip having an integrated circuit, said bridge forms an electrical connection between said chip and said antenna circuit, and said chip is positioned, while being protected between the bridge substrate and the antenna substrate or being incorporated into said antenna substrate, in an offset position with respect to the turn or turns of the antenna.
13. The object according to claim 12, wherein the contact terminal is offset towards the center of the substrate and the chip is positioned so as to directly face the substrate between the inner turn of the antenna and said terminal.
14. The object according to claim 12, wherein the bridge is positioned onto the backside of the substrate which carries the antenna circuit.
15. The object according to claim 12, whereint the substrate has three holes, two of said holes form a connection with the antenna terminals and the last hole accommodates the chip.
16. The object according to claim 12, wherein the substrate has two holes, into which ends of the bridge are folded back for electrical connection to the antenna terminals through said holes.
17. The object according to claim 12, wherein the bridge includes a connection circuit provided with connection terminals and pads for connection to the chip.
18. The object according to claim 12, wherein the bridge includes an insulating film.
19. The object according to claim 12, wherein the chip is incorporated into the object, between the bridge substrate and the antenna substrate.
20. The object according to claim 12, wherein said object is an HF RFID object.
21. The object according to claim 12, wherein the dielectric bridge substrate carries the chip and a connection circuit forming the electrical connection between said chip and said antenna circuit.
22. The object according to claim 21, wherein the dielectric bridge substrate extends at least from the chip to a connection point between the connection circuit and the antenna circuit.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored therein instructions executable by a computing device to cause the computing device to perform functions, the functions comprising:
operating an aerial vehicle to travel along a first closed path on a tether sphere while oriented in a crosswind-flight orientation, wherein a tether is connected to the aerial vehicle on a first end and is connected to a ground station on a second end, and wherein the tether sphere has a radius corresponding to a length of the tether;
while the aerial vehicle is in the crosswind-flight orientation, operating the aerial vehicle to travel along a second closed path on the tether sphere, such that a speed of the aerial vehicle is reduced; and
transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to a hover-flight orientation.
2. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein a first axis intersects the first closed path and a second axis intersects the second closed path, wherein the first axis is substantially downwind of the ground station, and wherein the second axis is less downwind from the ground station.
3. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 2, wherein, facing downwind, the second axis is located to a left side of the first axis.
4. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 2, wherein, facing downwind, the second axis is located to a right side of the first axis.
5. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein a point on the second closed path is located at an angle from substantially downwind of the ground station.
6. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein a point on the second closed path is located at a first altitude that is less than a second altitude of a corresponding point on the first closed path.
7. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the second closed path has a shape that is different than a shape of the first closed path.
8. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein operating the aerial vehicle to travel along the second closed path comprises:
operating the aerial vehicle to travel along a first portion of the second closed path, wherein the first portion of the second closed path is at a substantially constant elevation; and
operating the aerial vehicle to travel along a second portion of the second closed path, wherein the second portion of the second closed path is at a substantially constant azimuth.
9. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein operating the aerial vehicle to travel along the second closed path comprises operating the aerial vehicle in an upstroke and a down stroke, and wherein transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to the hover-flight orientation comprises transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to the hover-flight orientation during the upstroke.
10. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to the hover-flight orientation comprises transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to the hover-flight orientation at a threshold speed.
11. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10, wherein the threshold speed varies based on a location of the aerial vehicle along the second closed path.
12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein operating the aerial vehicle to travel along the first closed path comprises operating the aerial vehicle to travel along the first closed path without information provided by one or more sensors, wherein while the aerial vehicle is in the crosswind-flight orientation, operating the aerial vehicle to travel along the second closed path comprises operating the aerial vehicle to travel along the second closed path without information provided by the one or more sensors, and
wherein transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to the hover-flight orientation comprises transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to the hover-flight orientation without information provided by the one or more sensors.
13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 12, wherein the one or more sensors comprise at least one of a load cell or a pitot tube.
14. A system comprising:
an aerial vehicle connected to a first end of a tether;
a ground station connected to a second end of the tether; and
a control system programmed to:
operate the aerial vehicle to travel along a closed path on a tether sphere while oriented in a crosswind-flight orientation, wherein the tether sphere has a radius corresponding to a length of the tether;
while the aerial vehicle is traveling along the closed path in the crosswind-flight orientation, reducing a speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased; and
after the speed of the aerial vehicle is reduced, transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to a hover-flight orientation.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the aerial vehicle comprises a main wing, and wherein reducing the speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased comprises increasing an angle of attack of the aerial vehicle such that at least a portion of the main wing stalls.
16. The system of claim 14, wherein the aerial vehicle comprises a main wing having one or more control surfaces, and wherein reducing the speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased comprises operating the one or more control surfaces to increase the drag on the aerial vehicle.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the aerial vehicle comprises one or more rotors, and wherein reducing the speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased comprises operating the one or more rotors to increase the drag on the aerial vehicle.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein reducing the speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased comprises operating the aerial vehicle such that the aerial vehicle is in a static force balance.
19. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored therein instructions executable by a computing device to cause the computing device to perform functions, the functions comprising:
operating an aerial vehicle to travel along a closed path on a tether sphere while oriented in a crosswind-flight orientation, wherein a tether is connected to the aerial vehicle on a first end and is connected to a ground station on a second end, and wherein the tether sphere has a radius corresponding to a length of the tether;
while the aerial vehicle is traveling along the closed path in the crosswind-flight orientation, reducing a speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased; and
after the speed of the aerial vehicle is reduced, transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to a hover-flight orientation.
20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein the aerial vehicle comprises a main wing, and wherein reducing the speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased comprises increasing an angle of attack of the aerial vehicle such that at least a portion of the main wing stalls.
21. A method comprising:
operating an aerial vehicle to travel along a first closed path on a tether sphere while oriented in a crosswind-flight orientation, wherein a tether is connected to the aerial vehicle on a first end and is connected to a ground station on a second end, and wherein the tether sphere has a radius corresponding to a length of the tether;
while the aerial vehicle is traveling along the first closed path in the crosswind-flight orientation, reducing a speed of the aerial vehicle by operating the aerial vehicle such that a drag on the aerial vehicle is increased or a lift on the aerial vehicle is decreased;
after the speed of the aerial is reduced, while the aerial vehicle is in the crosswind-flight orientation, operating the aerial vehicle to travel along a second closed path, such that a speed of the aerial vehicle is further reduced; and
transitioning the aerial vehicle from traveling along the second closed path while in the crosswind-flight orientation to a hover-flight orientation.