1. A compatible optical pickup which can be compatibly used for first through third recording media having different recording densities and formats, comprising:
a first light source which emits a first light beam having a first wavelength suitable for the first recording medium;
a twin light source which emits second and third light beams respectively having second and third wavelengths suitable for the corresponding second and third recording media;
a plate-type beam splitter which transmits and reflects the second and third light beams in a predetermined ratio;
a first objective lens which condenses the first light beam to form a light spot for recording andor reproduction of the first recording medium;
a second objective lens which condenses the second and third light beams to form light spots for recording andor reproduction of the received one of the second and third recording media;
an actuator which drives the first and second objective lenses;
a first photo-detector which receives the first light beam reflected from the first recording medium to detect an information signal andor an error signal; and
a second photo-detector which receives the second and third light beams reflected from the received one of the second and third recording media to detect information signals andor error signals,
wherein the first objective lens forms a first numerical aperture for use with the first recording medium and a second numerical aperture other than the first numerical aperture for use with the second recording medium,
the second objective lens forms a third numerical aperture which is other than the first and second numerical apertures for use with the third recording medium,
WD1 is a working distance of one of the first and second objective lenses which has a short working distance,
WD2 is a working distance of the other one of the first and second objective lenses which has a long working distance,
the first and second objective lenses are installed to satisfy the below relationship so as to prevent the one objective lens having the short working distance from contacting the received one of the first through third recording media during loading of the received recording medium and while allowing operation of the other one of the first and second objective lenses having the long working distance:
WD2\u2267WD1,
a basic separating distance of the one objective lens relative to the corresponding one of the first through third recording media is WD1+\u03b1, and \u03b1=|WD2\u2212WD1|\xd7(0.1\u02dc1.0), and
at least one of the first and second objective lenses is formed so that a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of the objective lens and a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of light incident on the objective lens become a same type of aberration.
2. The compatible optical pickup of claim 1, wherein the actuator comprises:
a single lens holder to hold the first and second objective lenses; and
a magnetic circuit which drives the single lens holder in a direction.
3. The compatible optical pickup of claim 2, wherein the single lens holder holds the first and second objective lenses at different heights above a common surface.
4. The compatible optical pickup of claim 3, wherein one of the first through third recording media is a CD-family optical disc, another is a DVD-family optical disc, and the other is a next generation DVD-family optical disc which has a higher density than DVD.
5. The compatible optical pickup of claim 1, wherein one of the first through third recording media is a CD-family optical disc, another is a DVD-family optical disc, and the other is a next generation DVD-family optical disc which has a higher density than the DVD.
6. The compatible optical pickup of claim 1, wherein the second photo-detector comprises first and second main photo-detectors which receive the second and third light beams, respectively.
7. The compatible optical pickup of claim 6 further comprising:
a grating which diffracts the second andor third light beams emitted from the twin light source into at least three beams,
wherein the second photo-detector further comprises a plurality of sub photo-detectors which receive sub beams split by the grating.
8. The compatible optical pickup of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second objective lenses is formed so that a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of the objective lens and a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of light incident on the objective lens become a coma aberration.
9. The compatible optical pickup of claim 1, wherein one of the first through third recording media is a CD-family optical disc, another is a DVD-family optical disc, and the other is a next generation DVD-family optical disc which has a higher density than the DVD.
10. The compatible optical pickup of claim 5, wherein the next generation DVD-family optical disc has a thickness of about 0.1 mm, is recorded andor reproduced using a blue violet beam, and the one of the first and second objective lenses used for the next generation DVD-family optical disc has a numerical aperture of at or more than 0.85.
11. A recording andor reproducing apparatus for use with first through third optical media having corresponding thicknesses comprising:
the compatible optical pickup of claim 1 which is compatible for recording andor reproducing with respect to each of the first through third optical media; and
a controller to control the compatible optical pickup to record andor reproduce data with respect to a received one of the first through third optical media.
12. A compatible optical system for use with recording andor reproducing data with respect to a first optical medium having a first thickness, a second optical medium having a second thickness, and a third optical medium having a third thickness, the system comprising:
a first optical unit which emits a first light beam for use with the first optical medium and detects the first light beam reflected from the first optical medium, and emits a second light beam other than the first light beam for use with the second optical medium and detects the second light beam reflected from the second optical medium;
a first objective lens disposed in an optical pathway between the first optical unit and the received one of the first and second optical media and having an optical property which forms a light spot suitable for recording andor reproducing data with respect to each of the first and second optical media;
a plate-type beam splitter which transmits and reflects the first and second light beams in a predetermined ratio;
a second optical unit which emits a third light beam other than the first and second light beams for use with recording andor reproducing data with respect to the third optical medium and which detects the third light beam reflected from the third optical medium; and
a second objective lens disposed in an optical pathway between the second optical unit and which forms a light spot using the third light beam suitable for recording andor reproducing data with respect to the third optical medium,
wherein the first through third light beams having corresponding different wavelengths corresponding to the first through third thicknesses,
the first objective lens forms a first numerical aperture for use with the first optical medium and a second numerical aperture other than the first numerical aperture for use with the second optical medium,
the second objective lens forms a third numerical aperture which is other than the first and second numerical apertures for use with the third optical medium
WD1 is a working distance of one of the first and second objective lenses which has a short working distance,
WD2 is a working distance of the other one of the first and second objective lenses which has a long working distance,
the first and second objective lenses are installed to satisfy the below relationship so as to prevent the one objective lens having the short working distance from contacting the received one of the first through third recording media during loading of the received recording medium and while allowing operation of the other one of the first and second objective lenses having the long working distance:
WD2\u2267WD1,
a basic separating distance of the one objective lens relative to the corresponding one of the first through third recording media is WD1+\u03b1, and \u03b1=|WD2\u2212WD1|\xd7(0.1\u02dc1.0), and
at least one of the first and second objective lenses is formed so that a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of the objective lens and a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of light incident on the objective lens become a same type of aberration.
13. The compatible optical system of claim 12, wherein the third numerical aperture is not usable with the first and second optical media.
14. The compatible optical system of claim 13, wherein the third numerical aperture is greater than 0.6, and the first and second numerical apertures are at or less than 0.6.
15. The compatible optical system of claim 12, further comprising a common actuator system that moves the first and second objective lenses simultaneously.
16. The compatible optical system of claim 12, wherein:
the second working distance is greater than the first working distance by a working distance difference, and
the first objective lens is disposed at a basic separating distance relative to an upper surface of the received one of the first and second optical media that is at or between 10% and 100% of the working distance difference greater than the first working distance.
17. The compatible optical system of claim 12, wherein the optical property of the first objective lens comprises a holographic pattern which has a first numerical aperture with respect to the first light beam having a first wavelength for use in recording andor reproducing data with respect to the first optical medium, and a second numerical aperture with respect to the second light bean having a second wavelength other than the first wavelength for use in recording andor reproducing data with respect to the second optical medium.
18. The compatible optical system of claim 12, wherein:
the optical property of the first objective lens is optimized for recording andor reproducing with respect to the first optical recording medium and is usable for recording andor reproducing with respect to the second optical medium, and
the second objective lens is optimized for use with the third recording medium.
19. The compatible optical system of claim 18, wherein the first recording medium is a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), the second recording medium is a Compact Disc (CD), and the third recording medium has a thickness which is less than a thickness of the DVD.
20. The compatible optical system of claim 19, wherein the third light beam has a wavelength that is less than a wavelength of the first light beam.
21. The compatible optical system of claim 20, wherein the wavelength of the third light beam is substantially 405 nm.
22. The compatible optical system of claim 18, wherein:
the first recording medium is a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD),
the second recording medium is a Compact Disc (CD),
the first objective lens has a first numerical aperture using the first light beam for use with recording andor reproducing with respect to the DVD and has a second numerical aperture for use with recording andor reproducing with respect to the CD, and
the second objective lens has a third numerical aperture which is at or substantially equal to 0.85 using the third light beam for use with recording andor reproducing with respect to the third recording medium.
23. The compatible optical system of claim 12, wherein one of the first and second objective lenses has an optical property which converts into a common aberration wavefront aberrations due to a tilt of the one objective lens and due to an angle an optical axis of the one objective lens and an optical pathway of an incident one of the first through third light beams on the one objective lens.
24. The compatible optical system of claim 23, wherein the optical system compensates for the common aberration by moving a light emitting portion of the corresponding one of the first and second optical units within a plane perpendicular to the corresponding optical pathway.
25. A recording andor reproducing apparatus for use with first through third optical media having corresponding thicknesses comprising:
the compatible optical pickup of claim 12 which is compatible for recording andor reproducing with respect to each of the first through third optical media; and
a controller to control the compatible optical pickup to record andor reproduce data with respect to a received one of the first through third optical media.
26. A compatible optical system for use with recording andor reproducing data with respect to a first optical medium having a first thickness and a second optical medium having a second thickness, the system comprising:
a first optical unit which emits a first light beam for use with the first optical medium and detects the first light beam reflected from the first optical medium;
a first objective lens disposed in an optical pathway between the first optical unit and the received one of the first and second optical media and having an optical property which forms a light spot suitable for recording andor reproducing data with respect to the first second optical medium;
a second optical unit which emits a second light beam other than the first light beam for use with recording andor reproducing data with respect to the second optical medium and which detects the second light beam reflected from the second optical medium;
a second objective lens disposed in an optical pathway between the second optical unit and the received one of the first and second optical media and which forms a light spot using the second light beam suitable for recording andor reproducing data with respect to the second optical medium; and
a holding unit which disposes the first objective lens at a first working distance relative to the first optical medium, and disposes the second objective lens at a basic operating distance relative to the second optical medium which is greater than a second working distance through which the second objective lens is moved during recording andor reproducing of the second optical medium so as to prevent the second objective lens from impacting the first optical medium during recording andor reproduction of the first optical medium,
wherein the first working distance is greater than the second working distance,
a triaxial actuator which moves a moving unit in the first and second objective lenses in any of an optical axis direction, a radial direction and a tilting direction
WD1 is the first working distance of the first objective lens which has a short working distance,
WD2 is the second working distance of the second objective lens which has a long working distance,
the first and second objective lenses are installed to satisfy the below relationship so as to prevent the first objective lens from contacting the received one of the first through third recording media during loading of the received recording medium and while allowing operation of the second objective lens:
WD2\u2267WD1,
a basic separating distance of the one objective lens relative to the corresponding one of the first through third recording media is WD1+\u03b1, and \u03b1=|WD2\u2212WD1|\xd7(0.1\u02dc1.0), and
at least one of the first and second objective lenses is formed so that a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of the objective lens and a wavefront aberration occurring mainly due to a tilt of light incident on the objective lens become a same type of aberration.
27. The compatible optical system of claim 26, wherein the basic separating distance is relative to an upper surface of the received one of the first and second optical media that is at greater than the second working distance by at or between 10% and 100% of a difference between the first and second working distances.
28. The compatible optical system of claim 26, wherein the triaxial actuator comprises a first actuator to drive the first objective lens and a second actuator to drive the second objective lens.
29. The compatible optical system of claim 26, wherein the holding unit is formed so as to install the first and second objective lenses in the radial direction of the optical disc.
30. The compatible optical system of claim 12 further comprising:
a grating which diffracts the first andor second light beams emitted from the first optical unit into at least three beams; and
first and second photo-detectors for detecting the first and second light beams, respectively, the photo-detectors comprising a plurality of sub photo-detectors which receive sub beams split by the grating.
31. The compatible optical pickup of claim 7, further comprising a sensing lens disposed between the plate-type beam splitter and the photo-detector and focuses the first light beam onto the photo-detector.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An axial flow device comprising:
a housing,
a substantially annular chamber within said housing to convey a substantially incompressible working fluid from an inlet to an outlet,
said chamber including at least two stages that each include a rotor section and a stator section,
said rotor section including a multi-bladed drive wheel positioned downstream of said inlet and operative to rotate around an axis to drive working fluid from the inlet to the outlet, and
said stator section being positioned downstream of the rotor section and including plural vanes substantially fixed relative to said housing and geometrically arranged to define a flow path having a cross-sectional area between vanes that increases from an entry point to an exit point of the stator section.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein said stator vane are variable in pitch and operative as a flow straightener of said working fluid or to adjust the angle of attack of the working fluid upon entry into a following rotor section.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein said outlet comprises a convergent annular chamber at a discharge nozzle whereby to increase velocity of liquid discharged from said outlet.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein said convergent annular chamber includes a variable throat area positioned immediately upstream of said outlet to vary the velocity of the liquid discharged from said outlet.
5. The device of claim 4, further including an actuator to vary the axial position of a nozzle plug whereby to vary effective area of said outlet.
6. The device of claim 4, further including balancing pistons operated by pressure differentials obtained by sensing discharge nozzle jet velocity and vessel velocity respectively to obtain a desire optimum discharge velocity relative to vehicle velocity.
7. The device of claim 6, further including a nozzle plug position override effective to reposition said nozzle plug by overriding automatic positioning of said balancing pistons with hydraulic pressure.
8. The device of claim 1, further including at least one variable inlet guide vane positioned downstream of said inlet and operative simultaneously to change inlet area and whirl of liquid entering said inlet.
9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a fixed set of inlet guide vanes position downstream of said inlet to adjust inlet whirl angle of liquid entering said inlet.
10. The device of claim 9, further comprising an inlet diffuser serving as an inlet duct positioned upstream of said inlet guide vanes.
11. An axial flow device to propel a vessel through water, said device comprising:
an axial flow casing having a rotor axis, said casing being fixedly mounted within said vessel,
an annular chamber within the casing to convey water from an annular inlet to an annular outlet, said chamber including multiple stages that each include a rotor section and a stator section,
said rotor section including a multi-bladed drive wheel positioned downstream of said inlet and operative to rotate upon said axis of the casing and drive water from the inlet to the outlet,
said stator section positioned downstream the rotor section and including plural vanes fixedly attached to said casing at spaced locations within the annular chamber, said stator section including plural vanes at spaced locations within the chamber to define flow passages between respective vanes each having a cross-sectional area normal to a direction of flow that increases from an entry point to an exit point of the stator section, and
a variable area discharge nozzle responsive to discharge velocity of water and velocity of the vessel to alter the area of discharge according to a desired operating set point.
12. The axial flow device of claim 11, wherein said stator vanes have variable pitch.
13. The axial flow device of claim 11, wherein said annular inlet includes a variable inlet guide vane stage that includes plural variable pitch vanes.
14. A method of conveying a substantially incompressible working fluid in an axial flow device comprising:
defining a flow path in the axial device to convey working fluid from an inlet to an outlet,
providing multiple stages within said flow path that each include a rotor section and a stator section that follows said rotor section,
driving working fluid through said flow path by rotating the rotor section, and
lowering the speed of working fluid by providing increased flow path areas between vanes of the stator section as working fluid travels from the inlet to the outlet.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said inlet includes variable inlet guide vanes having controllable pitch and said method further including throttling fluid flow at said inlet by altering the pitch of said inlet guide vanes.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein said outlet includes an exit guide vane stage operative to straighten flow of said working fluid and increases static pressure prior to discharge.
17. A method of controlling discharge velocity of water discharged from an axial flow device relative to water speed a vessel, said method comprising:
detecting discharge velocity of water discharged from the axial flow device,
detecting water speed of the vessel,
providing a discharge nozzle in said axial flow device having a variable area throat, and
utilizing said discharge velocity and boat velocity to control the area of said throat according to a desired set point based on the discharge velocity of the water and the speed of the vessel.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising providing an actuator that drives the discharge nozzle, said detecting steps includes detecting respective pressures associated with said discharge velocity and water speed of the vessel, and said utilizing step includes using the respective pressures to drive said actuator to an equilibrium position that defines a desired optimum throat area of the discharge nozzle.