1. A device for treating a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease and a hiatal hernia, comprising:
a first anchor movable between a compressed configuration for advancement through an esophagus of the patient into the hiatal hernia and an expanded configuration for residing within the hiatal hernia;
a valve structure coupled to said first anchor configured for inhibiting passage of liquids and solids proximally from a stomach of the patient into the esophagus;
a hollow sleeve having proximal and distal end portions; wherein the proximal end portion is coupled to the first anchor and the sleeve is sized and configured to allow material to pass distally from the esophagus at the location of the hiatal hernia through the hollow sleeve and into the stomach of the patient; and
a second anchor coupled to the distal end portion of the sleeve and movable between a compressed configuration for advancement through the esophagus of a patient into the stomach and an expanded configuration for residing within the stomach.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said valve structure comprises a one-way valve configured to inhibit passage of liquids and solids proximally from the stomach of the patient into the esophagus and configured to allow passage of gases proximally from the stomach to the esophagus.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein the one-way valve is configured to allow passage of liquids, solids and gases distally from the esophagus into the stomach.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein said first anchor comprises an annular membrane expandable to a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the hiatal hernia.
5. The device of claim 4 wherein the annular membrane defines an internal perimeter having a diameter larger than a diaphragm opening of the patient to inhibit migration of the first anchor through the diaphragm opening into the stomach.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein the first anchor comprises a retainer having an aperture and wherein the valve structure is coupled to a perimeter of the aperture.
7. The device of claim 6 wherein the retainer comprises a flange disposed about an outer perimeter of the valve structure.
8. The device of claim 7 wherein the valve structure comprises one or more leaves hinged at the flange, or leaves configured to flex into a curved profile.
9. The device of claim 6 wherein the retainer defines an outer surface and further comprises loops coupled to the outer surface of the retainer for attachment to the patient’s tissue.
10. The device of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of hollow tubes integrated within said hollow sleeve and connecting said first anchor and said second anchor to allow transfer of fluid therebetween.
11. The device of claim 10 further comprising two-way valves within the hollow tubes configured to allow immediate fluid flow from the first anchor to the second anchor when the hiatal hernia compresses and creates pressure against the first anchor and to delay fluid flow back into said first anchor when the hiatal hernia pressure is removed.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A solid state image pickup apparatus comprising
a photodetecting device and one or more thin film transistors connected to said photodetecting device formed in one pixel, wherein a part of said photodetecting device is formed over at least a part of said thin film transistor, and
wherein said thin film transistor comprises a source electrode, a drain electrode, a first gate electrode, and a second gate electrode arranged on the side opposite to said first gate electrode with respect to the source electrode and the drain electrode, and
wherein the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode are connected to a common gate wiring.
2. The solid state image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
said thin film transistor is a double gate type thin film transistor comprising at least said first gate electrode, an insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, a semiconductor layer having an impurity doped, said source and drain electrodes, an insulating layer, and said second gate electrode which are sequentially formed onto an insulating substrate.
3. The solid state image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
said second gate electrode covers at least a part of a gap portion between said source electrode and said drain electrode.
4. The solid state image pickup apparatus according claim 1, wherein
either said source electrode or said drain electrode is connected to a transfer wiring connected to a signal processing circuit, and said second gate electrode does not two-dimensionally overlap either the source electrode or the drain electrode connected to the transfer wiring.
5. The solid state image pickup apparatus according claim 1, wherein
said second gate electrode and said first gate electrode are connected to one gate driver circuit by a gate wiring and controlled by the gate driver circuit.
6. The solid state image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
said second gate electrode is formed as a film simultaneously with an electrode material constructing said photodetecting device.
7. The solid state image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
said photodetecting device is constructed by at least an insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, and a semiconductor layer having an impurity doped c.
8. The solid state image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
said photodetecting device is constructed by at least a first semiconductor layer having an impurity doped, a semiconductor layer, and a second semiconductor layer having an impurity doped of a conductivity type opposite to that of said first semiconductor layer having a impurity doped.
9. The solid state image pickup apparatus according claim 1, wherein said photodetecting device is a radiation detecting device for directly and photoelectrically converting a radiation.
10. The solid state image pickup apparatus according claim 1, wherein a wave length converter is arranged onto said photodetecting device.