1. A method comprising:
identifying a communicative goal in a speech input of a user;
generating, via a processor, a plurality of sentence plans based on the communicative goal and a dialog history database, wherein each sentence plan of the plurality of sentence plans is a viable and potentially usable prompt in response to the speech input of the user;
ranking the plurality of sentence plans to yield ranked sentence plans; and
outputting at least one ranked sentence plan to yield an output sentence plan, wherein the output sentence plan provides a best sentence plan for generating a realization for the communicative goal from among the ranked sentence plans.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying a plurality of communicative goals;
determining a priority communicative goal within the plurality of communicative goals; and
ranking the plurality of sentence plans based at least in part on a comparison of the plurality of sentence plans and the priority communicative goal.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising converting the output sentence plan to speech.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the dialog history database comprises interaction information related to a set of interactions between the user and an automated dialog system, and wherein generating the plurality of sentence plans uses the interaction information.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising retrieving a training database that includes a set of learned rules, wherein ranking the plurality of sentence plans is based at least in part on the training database.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the communicative goal comprises confirming information previously obtained from the user.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the communicative goal is generated using recognition and understanding data from an automated dialog system.
8. A system comprising:
a processor; and
a non-transitory storage device storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method comprising:
identifying a communicative goal in a speech input of a user;
generating a plurality of sentence plans based on the communicative goal and a dialog history database, wherein each sentence plan of the plurality of sentence plans is a viable and potentially usable prompt in response to the speech input of the user;
ranking the plurality of sentence plans to yield ranked sentence plans; and
outputting at least one ranked sentence plan to yield an output sentence plan, wherein the output sentence plan provides a best sentence plan for generating a realization for the communicative goal from among the ranked sentence plans.
9. The system of claim 8, the instructions further comprising:
identifying a plurality of communicative goals;
determining a priority communicative goal within the plurality of communicative goals; and
ranking the plurality of sentence plans based at least in part on a comparison of the plurality of sentence plans and the priority communicative goal.
10. The system of claim 8, the instructions further comprising converting the output sentence plan to speech.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the dialog history database comprises interaction information related to a set of interactions between the user and an automated dialog system, and wherein generating the plurality of sentence plans uses the interaction information.
12. The system of claim 8, the instructions further comprising retrieving a training database that includes a set of learned rules, wherein ranking the plurality of sentence plans is based at least in part on the training database.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the communicative goal comprises confirming information previously obtained from the user.
14. The system of claim 8, wherein the communicative goal is generated using recognition and understanding data from an automated dialog system.
15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform a method comprising:
identifying a communicative goal in a speech input of a user;
generating a plurality of sentence plans based on the communicative goal and a dialog history database, wherein each sentence plan of the plurality of sentence plans is a viable and potentially usable prompt in response to the speech input of the user;
ranking the plurality of sentence plans to yield ranked sentence plans; and
outputting at least one ranked sentence plan to yield an output sentence plan, wherein the output sentence plan provides a best sentence plan for generating a realization for the communicative goal from among the ranked sentence plans.
16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, the non-transitory computer-readable medium storing further instructions which, when executed by the computing device, cause the computing device to further perform a method comprising:
identifying a plurality of communicative goals;
determining a priority communicative goal within the plurality of communicative goals; and
ranking the plurality of sentence plans based at least in part on a comparison of the plurality of sentence plans and the priority communicative goal.
17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, the non-transitory computer-readable medium storing further instructions which, when executed by the computing device, cause the computing device to further perform a method comprising converting the output sentence plan to speech.
18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the dialog history database comprises interaction information related to a set of interactions between the user and an automated dialog system, and wherein generating the plurality of sentence plans uses the interaction information.
19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, the non-transitory computer-readable medium storing further instructions which, when executed by the computing device, cause the computing device to further perform a method comprising retrieving a training database that includes a set of learned rules, wherein ranking the plurality of sentence plans is based at least in part on the training database.
20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the communicative goal comprises confirming information previously obtained from the user.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Process for the reduction of aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic organic compounds by means of hydrides andor derivatives thereof, characterised in that at least one organic compound in liquid or dissolved form is mixed with at least one hydride andor derivative thereof in liquid or dissolved form in at least one microreactor and reacted for a residence time, and the reduced organic compound is, if desired, isolated from the reaction mixture.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the microreactor is a miniaturised flow reactor.
3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the microreactor is a static micromixer.
4. Process according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the microreactor is connected via an outlet to a capillary, preferably a heatable capillary.
5. Process according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the volume of the microreactor is <100 l, preferably <50 l.
6. Process according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the microreactor is heatable.
7. Process according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the microreactor has channels having a diameter of from 10 to 1000 m, preferably from 20 to 800 m, particularly preferably from 30 to 400 m.
8. Process according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the reaction mixture flows through the microreactor at a flow rate of from 0.01 lmin to 100 mlmin, preferably from 1 lmin to 1 mlmin.
9. Process according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the residence time of the compounds employed in the microreactor, where appropriate in the microreactor and the capillaries, is <15 hours, preferably <3 hours, particularly preferably <1 hour.
10. Process according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it is carried out at a temperature of from 100 to 250 C., preferably from 78 to 150 C., particularly preferably from 0 to 40 C.
11. Process according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the course of the reaction is followed by chromatography, preferably by gas chromatography, and regulated if necessary.
12. Process according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic organic compound is an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic carbonyl compound, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid halide, carboxylic acid ester, a corresponding thio or seleno analogue of the above-mentioned compounds, nitrite, halide or azide.
13. Process according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the hydride or derivative thereof used is at least one compound selected from boron hydrides, aluminium hydrides, tin hydrides, silicon hydrides, derivatives thereof and mixtures of these reducing agents.
14. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the boron hydride or derivative thereof used is lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, rubidium borohydride, caesium borohydride, zinc borohydride, calcium borohydride, copper borohydride, tetraalkylammonium borohydride, trialkylphosphonium borohydride or triarylphosphonium borohydride, or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, cyano or heteroaryl derivative of the borohydrides, or a mixture of the abovementioned compounds.
15. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the borohydride or derivative thereof used is a borane, preferably diborane, or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy or heteroaryl derivative of the boranes, a complex of the boranes or of the above derivatives with amines, phosphines, ethers or sulfides as ligands, where the ligands may in each case be identical or different, or a mixture of the above-mentioned compounds.
16. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the aluminium hydride used is alane (AlH3).
17. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the aluminium hydride or derivative thereof used is a complex aluminium hydride, preferably lithium aluminium hydride, sodium aluminium hydride, potassium aluminium hydride, or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy or acyloxy derivative of the aluminium hydrides, a complex of the aluminium hydrides or of the above derivatives which amines, phosphines, ethers or sulfides as ligands, where the ligands may in each case be identical or different, or a mixture of the above-mentioned compounds.
18. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the aluminium hydride derivative used is diisobutylaluminium hydride.
19. Process according to Clam 17, characterised in that the complex aluminium hydride used is Na bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium hydride.
20. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the silicon hydride or derivative thereof used is a silane, in particular monosilane, or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, cyano or heteroaryl derivative of the silanes, or a mixture of the above-mentioned compounds.
21. Process according to claim 13, characterised in that the tin hydride or derivative thereof used is a stannane, in particular monostannane, an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, cyano or heteroaryl derivative of the stannanes, or a mixture of the above-mentioned compounds.
22. Process according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterised in that the hydride andor derivative thereof is employed in an excess of >1 or in an equimolar amount with respect to the organic compound.