1. A computer-implemented method of generating a custom dictionary for an e-book, comprising:
receiving a first custom dictionary request from a user client operated by a user, the first custom dictionary request identifying the e-book and including dictionary management information describing the user;
choosing a first reading level threshold for the user based on the dictionary management information;
identifying a first set of candidate words in the identified e-book for inclusion in the first custom dictionary;
selecting words for inclusion in the first custom dictionary from among the first set of candidate words responsive to the first reading level threshold;
generating the first custom dictionary using the selected words;
providing the generated first custom dictionary to the user client;
receiving a second custom dictionary request from the user client, the second custom dictionary request identifying the e-book and including a second reading level threshold that is lower than the first reading level threshold;
selecting a second set of candidate words that have higher complexity scores than the first reading level threshold;
retrieving word definition information for the second set of candidate words that were not part of the first custom dictionary; and
providing the retrieved word definition information to the user client.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the dictionary management information comprises information describing the user’s e-book usage.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein choosing the first reading level threshold for the user comprises:
identifying a plurality of group reading profiles each having an associated group reading score;
comparing the dictionary management information describing the user with demographic information associated with the plurality of group reading profiles;
choosing a group reading profile for the user from among the plurality of group reading profiles responsive to the comparison; and
determining the first reading level threshold based on the chosen group reading profile.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein each candidate word has a complexity score that indicates a likelihood that the word is not known by the user, and selecting words from among the first set of candidate words for inclusion in the first custom dictionary comprises selecting candidate words that have complexity scores higher than the first reading level threshold.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, further comprising:
adjusting a complexity score for a candidate word responsive to the dictionary management information associated with the user.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein providing the retrieved word definition information to the user client further comprises:
generating a second custom dictionary using the selected second set of candidate words; and
providing the generated second custom dictionary to the user client.
7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable computer program instructions for generating a custom dictionary for an e-book, the instructions executable to perform steps comprising:
receiving a first custom dictionary request from a user client operated by a user, the first custom dictionary request identifying the e-book and including dictionary management information describing the user;
choosing a first reading level threshold for the user based on the dictionary management information;
identifying a first set of candidate words in the identified e-book for inclusion in the first custom dictionary;
selecting words for inclusion in the first custom dictionary from among the first set of candidate words responsive to the first reading level threshold;
generating the first custom dictionary using the selected words;
providing the generated first custom dictionary to the user client;
receiving a second custom dictionary request from the user client, the second custom dictionary request identifying the e-book and including a second reading level threshold that is lower than the first reading level threshold;
selecting a second set of candidate words that have higher complexity scores than the first reading level threshold;
retrieving word definition information for the second set of candidate words that were not part of the first custom dictionary; and
providing the retrieved word definition information to the user client.
8. The computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the dictionary management information comprises information describing the user’s e-book usage.
9. The computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein choosing the first reading level threshold for the user comprises:
identifying a plurality of group reading profiles each having an associated group reading score;
comparing the dictionary management information describing the user with demographic information associated with the plurality of group reading profiles;
choosing a group reading profile for the user from among the plurality of group reading profiles responsive to the comparison; and
determining the first reading level threshold based on the chosen group reading profile.
10. The computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein each candidate word has a complexity score that indicates a likelihood that the word is not known by the user, and selecting words from among the first set of candidate words for inclusion in the first custom dictionary comprises selecting candidate words that have complexity scores higher than the first reading level threshold.
11. The computer-readable medium of claim 10, further comprising:
adjusting a complexity score for a candidate word responsive to the dictionary management information associated with the user.
12. The computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein providing the retrieved word definition information to the user client further comprises:
generating a second custom dictionary using the selected second set of candidate words; and
providing the generated second custom dictionary to the user client.
13. A system for generating a custom dictionary for an e-book, comprising:
a processor configured to execute modules; and
a memory storing the modules, the modules comprising:
a user account manager module configured to receive a first custom dictionary request from a user client operated by a user, the first custom dictionary request identifying the e-book and including dictionary management information describing the user,
a group profiler module configured to choose a first reading level threshold for the user based on the dictionary management information,
a word identifier module configured to identify a first set of candidate words in the identified e-book for inclusion in the first custom dictionary,
a dictionary generator module configured to:
select words for inclusion in the first custom dictionary from among the first set of candidate words responsive to the first reading level threshold, and
generate the first custom dictionary using the selected words;
a dictionary server module configured to provide the generated first custom dictionary to the user client,
the user account manager module further configured to receive a second custom dictionary request from the user client, the second custom dictionary request identifying the e-book and including a second reading level threshold that is lower than the first reading level threshold,
the dictionary generator module further configured to:
select a second set of candidate words that have higher complexity scores than the second reading level threshold, and
retrieve word definition information for the second set of candidate words that were not part of the first custom dictionary; and
the dictionary server module is further configured to provide the retrieved word definition information to the user client.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the dictionary management information comprises information describing the user’s e-book usage.
15. The system of claim 13, wherein
the group profiler module is further configured to:
identify a plurality of group reading profiles each having an associated group reading score;
compare the dictionary management information describing the user with demographic information associated with the plurality of group reading profiles;
choose a group reading profile for the user from among the plurality of group reading profiles responsive to the comparison; and
the word identifier module is further configured to determine the first reading level threshold based on the chosen reading group profile.
16. The system of claim 13, wherein each candidate word has a complexity score that indicates a likelihood that the word is not known by the user, and the dictionary generator module is further configured to select words from among the first set of candidate words for inclusion in the first custom dictionary that have complexity scores higher than the first reading level threshold.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein the word identifier module is further configured to adjust a complexity score for a candidate word responsive to the dictionary management information associated with the user.
18. The system of claim 13, wherein:
the dictionary generator module is further configured to:
generate a second custom dictionary using the selected second set of candidate words; and
the dictionary server module is further configured to provide the generated second custom dictionary to the user client.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for monitoring the autonomous nervous system of a sedated patient, comprising:
measuring, by an electrode arrangement and a measurement converter, a skin conductance signal at an area of the patient’s skin through a measurement interval,
calculating, by a processing device, a characteristic of said skin conductance signal,
establishing, by a processing device, a first output signal indicating a state of pain or discomfort in the patient, based on said characteristic of said skin conductance signal,
establishing, by a processing device, a second output signal indicating a state of awakening in the patient, based on said characteristic of said skin conductance signal,
wherein said step of calculating said characteristic comprises
calculating, by a processing device, a value representative of a statistical dispersion of values of said skin conductance signal through said measurement interval, the value being a standard deviation of the values of said skin conductance signal through said measurement interval,
further wherein said step of establishing said first output signal indicating the state of pain or discomfort in the patient comprises comparing said standard deviation with a first limit value, the first signal being established as indicating pain or discomfort in the patient if the standard deviation exceeds the first limit value, and wherein said step of establishing said second output signal indicating the state of awakening in the patient comprises comparing said standard deviation with a second limit value, the second signal being established as indicating awakening in the patient if the standard deviation exceeds the second limit value.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said first limit value is in the range 0.01 \u03bcS, 0.30 \u03bcS.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said first limit value is in the range 0.02 \u03bcS, 0.10 \u03bcS.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said first limit value is 0.03 \u03bcS.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said second limit value is in the range 0.06 \u03bcS, 18.0 \u03bcS.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said second limit value is in the range 0.10 \u03bcS, 3.0 \u03bcS.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said second limit value is 0.5 \u03bcS.
8. The method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said measurement interval is in the range 5 seconds, 40 seconds.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said measurement interval is in the range 10 seconds, 30 seconds.
10. The method according to claim 9. wherein said measurement interval is 15 seconds.
11. An apparatus for monitoring a sedated patient, comprising
measurement equipment for providing a skin conductance signal measured at an area of the patient’s skin, and
a control unit, including a processing device which is configured to perform the following steps:
calculating a characteristic of said skin conductance signal,
establishing a first output signal indicating a state of pain or discomfort in the patient, based on said characteristic of said skin conductance signal,
establishing a second output signal indicating a state of awakening in the patient, based on said characteristic of said skin conductance signal,
wherein the processing device is configured to calculate said characteristic by
calculating a value representative of a statistical dispersion of the values of said skin conductance signal through said measurement interval, the value being a standard deviation of values of said skin conductance signal through said measurement interval,
wherein the processing device is configured to establish said first output signal indicating the state of pain or discomfort in the patient by comparing said standard deviation with a first limit value, the first signal being established as indicating pain or discomfort in the patient if the standard deviation exceeds the first limit value, and
wherein the processing device is configured to establish said second output signal indicating the state of awakening in the patient by comparing said standard deviation with a second limit value, the second signal being established as indicating awakening in the patient if the standard deviation exceeds the second limit value.