1. A pair of pulley members for use in the bow string rigging of a compound archery bow, the pair comprising:
a control pulley adapted to rotate about a first axle, said control pulley comprising;
a control string cam defining a control string groove operable to wrap and unwrap a first end portion of a drawstring for said bow, said control cam carrying:
a first anchor for a first end of said drawstring;
a second anchor for a first end of a power cable; and
a third anchor for a first end of a control cable;
a power cam defining a power cable groove, in a plane approximately parallel to a first plane containing said control string groove and operable to space said power cable away from said first axle by a variable radius; and
a timing cam defining a timing groove, in a plane approximately parallel to said first plane and operable to space said control cable apart from said first axle; and
a follower pulley adapted to rotate about a second axle, said follower pulley comprising:
a follower string cam defining a follower string groove operable to wrap and unwrap a second end portion of said drawstring, said follower cam carrying:
a first anchor for a second end of said drawstring; and
a second anchor for a second end of said control cable;
a follower cam defining a control cable groove, in a plane approximately parallel to a plane containing said follower string groove and operable to space said control cable apart from said second axle by a variable radius.
2. The pulley members of claim 1, wherein:
said power cam comprises a power cam module, said power cam module being movable, with respect to said control string cam and fixable with respect to said control string cam at a plurality of orientations, whereby to effect an adjustment in draw length; and
said follower cam comprises a follower cam module, said follower cam module being movable, with respect to said follower string cam and fixable to said follower string cam at a plurality of orientations, whereby to effect an adjustment in draw length.
3. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
said power cam module is configured and arranged to be rotatable about said first axle; and
said follower cam module is configured and arranged to be rotatable about said second axle.
4. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
an entry ramp portion of said power cam is fixed to said control string cam in an arrangement configured to unwrap an arc portion of power cable, said arc portion having a length greater than a secant corresponding to equal cam rotation, operable to reduce tension in said power cable and to effect an increase in drawstring tension, as said control pulley rotates beyond a brace condition subsequent to release of an arrow, thereby to reduce drawstring over-travel; and
an entry ramp portion of said control cam is fixed to said follower string cam in an arrangement configured to unwrap an arc portion of control cable operable to reduce tension in said control cable and to effect an increase in drawstring tension, as said follower pulley rotates beyond a brace condition subsequent to release of an arrow, thereby to reduce drawstring over-travel.
5. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
said timing groove is concentric about said first axle, whereby to avoid a departure in nocking point travel, from a substantially straight line, due to moving a said module to effect a change in draw length.
6. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
said timing groove is disposed concentrically about said first axle, whereby to avoid a change in timing of the respective pulleys to each other due to a change in draw length.
7. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
said power cam module and said follower cam module can be adjusted with respect to their associated string cams while a bow on which said pulleys are mounted is strung and the drawstring is under tension.
8. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
said anchors carried on said control string cam and on said follower string cam for said cables and said drawstring are configured and arranged such that the respective string pulleys are in rotational equilibrium independent from a force from respective power or follower modules while a bow upon which said pulleys are mounted is strung and the drawstring is under tension.
9. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
anchoring structure for said power cam and said follower cam is configured such that an adjustment of draw length is effected in discrete increments.
10. The pulley members of claim 9, wherein:
fixed orientations, of said power cam module with respect to said control string cam, and of said follower cam module with respect to said follower string cam, are determined by registration of one of a plurality of conduits, through a said module, with an anchoring peg.
11. The pulley members of claim 10, wherein:
said conduits are arranged in first and second rows as approximately parallel arcs about the axles of their associated pulleys, and conduits of said first and second rows are arranged in a staggered pattern to provide an incremental index between adjacent conduits in one row by an intermediate conduit in the other row.
12. The pulley members of claim 11, wherein:
said anchor peg comprises a fastener piercing a conduit in a said module for threaded reception in an associated string cam.
13. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
the shape of the control cable groove carried on said follower cam is defined, at least in part, by an arc length required to wrap, during a rotation of said follower pulley corresponding to a given rotation of said control pulley, a length of control cable equal to the length of the sum of both: the length of power cable wrapped onto said power cam and the length of control cable unwrapped from said timing cam.
14. The pulley members of claim 2, wherein:
said third anchor is removably retained on said control string cam.
15. The pulley members of claim 14, wherein:
said third anchor comprises torque structure adapted to interface with a tool whereby rotatably to attach said third anchor to said control string cam.
16. The pulley members of claim 15, wherein:
said torque structure comprises a socket structured to receive a torque transmitting tool.
17. The pulley members of claim 1, wherein, throughout a draw motion:
said follower cam is configured to space said control cable apart from said second axle by a radius approximately equal to the sum of (the length of the spacing of said control cable apart from said first axle caused by said timing cam) and (the length of the spacing of said power cable apart from said first axle caused by said power cam).
18. The pulley members of claim 1, wherein:
performance marks are carried on one or more pulley members, said performance marks being configured and arranged for visual alignment to reference structure.
19. The pulley members of claim 1, further comprising:
a positive draw stop carried on a pulley and arranged to cause a transverse interference with a cable stretch of said rigging.
20. The pulley members of claim 1, further comprising:
a resilient member affixed to at least one of said pulley members by way of an interference fit between structure of said resilient member and structure of said at least one pulley member, a portion of said resilient member being structured and arranged to contact said cable whereby to attenuate vibration associated with said interference.
21. The pulley members of claim 20, wherein:
said stop structure is carried on said power cam, and is arranged to cause a transverse interference with said power cable.
22. The pulley members of claim 21, further comprising:
a second draw stop carried on said follower pulley.
23. The pulley members of claim 1, wherein:
said string cams each comprise a spiral groove shape, and are substantially symmetrically in scale with each other to compensate for nocking point offset and to promote straight-line nocking point travel for a discharged arrow.
24. The pulley members of claim 1, further comprising:
dampening structure disposed to contact said drawstring subsequent to an over-rotation of said pulley members from a drawn position beyond a brace condition subsequent to release of an arrow from a drawn position.
25. The pulley members of claim 24, wherein:
said damping structure comprises a resilient element carried on one or more of said string cams.
26. In a compound archery bow of the type providing a positive draw stop by causing a transverse interference between a tensioned cable portion of bow string rigging and stop structure carried on a pulley of the rigging when a full draw position is attained by an archer, the improvement comprising:
including in said stop structure a resilient element having structure forming an interlocking attachment to structure of said pulley, said resilient element being disposed to contact said cable whereby to reduce noise created when causing said interference.
27. The improvement of claim 26, wherein:
said transverse interference is caused by contact between said stop structure and said cable.
28. The improvement of claim 27, wherein:
said stop structure comprises structure spaced apart from said point along a line perpendicular to a radius between said point and an axis of said pulley.
29. The improvement of claim 26, wherein:
said cable makes tangential contact at a proximal end with said pulley at a point along a curve defined by a cable groove that is substantially perpendicular to a radius between an axis of said pulley and said point; and
said stop structure is arranged to contact said cable, at a location that is spaced apart distally along said cable from said point, as said pulley is rotated to a full draw position.
30. The improvement of claim 29, wherein:
said cable is a power cable portion said rigging.
31. The improvement of claim 29, wherein:
said stop structure comprises a flat portion of said curve.
32. The improvement of claim 29, wherein:
said stop structure comprises a discontinuity in said curve.
33. The improvement according to claim 26, said draw stop comprising:
a first interference between first stop structure, carried on a first pulley, and a first cable portion of said rigging; and
a second interference between second stop structure, carried on a second pulley, and a second cable portion of said rigging.
34. A pulley adapted for use in an archery bow, comprising:
at least first, second, and third cam elements having first, second, and third string tracks disposed in approximately parallel, consecutively stacked alignment, said string tracks receiving rigging elements in an entrained configuration;
a rigging tower anchor configured for removable attachment to said first cam element and operable to anchor a rigging element entrained in a string track that is spaced apart from said first cam element by at least a width of one interposing cam; and
a fastener adapted to affix said tower anchor to said first cam.
35. The pulley of claim 34, wherein:
said interposing cam provides an aperture in which to provide a clearance for said tower anchor to accommodate relative motion between said tower anchor and said interposing cam as said interposing cam is adjusted with respect to a reference structure.
36. The pulley of claim 34, wherein:
said fastener provides reinforcing structure disposed on an opposite side of mounting foundation structure from said tower anchor whereby to sandwich said foundation structure between said reinforcing structure and a base of said tower anchor, said reinforcing structure being operable to resist a tipping moment applied on said tower anchor by said rigging member.
37. The pulley of claim 36, wherein:
said fastener comprises a grade 8 or better flat head socket head screw.
38. The pulley of claim 36, wherein:
said reinforcing structure of said fastener is received in a counterbore disposed on said opposite side whereby to maintain a clearance for pulley rotation between portions of a bow limb tip.
39. The pulley of claim 36, wherein:
said fastener comprises a threaded shaft protruding from a base of said tower anchor and received in reinforcing structure comprising a threaded nut disposed on an opposite side of said foundation structure.
40. The pulley of claim 39, wherein:
said threaded shaft is integral with said tower anchor.
41. The pulley of claim 34, wherein:
a tower height from a tower base to a center of an anchor string groove is greater than about 0.2 inches.
42. A compound archery bow, comprising:
a first pulley assembly having a first rotation axis, the first pulley assembly comprising:
a first eccentric cam having a first drawstring groove receptive of a first portion of a drawstring;
a second eccentric cam having a first power cable groove receptive of a first portion of a power cable;
a third concentric, substantially circular cam having a first control cable groove receptive of a portion of a control cable;
a second pulley assembly having a second rotation axis, the second pulley assembly comprising:
a fourth eccentric cam having a second drawstring groove receptive of a second portion of the drawstring;
a fifth eccentric cam having a second control cable groove receptive of a second portion of the control cable;
wherein:
a first length of the power cable is defined by a segment of the first power cable groove in which the power cable is entrained during a draw cycle;
a first length of the control cable is defined by a segment of the first control cable groove in which the control cable is entrained during the draw cycle;
a second length of the control cable is defined by a segment of the second control cable groove in the control cable is entrained during a draw cycle;
wherein a sum of the first length of the power cable and the first length of the control cable is substantially equal to the second length of the control cable.
43. A compound archery bow according to claim 42 wherein the first and fourth eccentric cams are substantially identically shaped.
44. A compound archery bow according to claim 42 wherein the second eccentric cam comprises a resilient element disposed therein and configured to contact the power cable at full draw.
45. A compound archery bow according to claim 44 wherein the first and fourth eccentric cams comprise outermost cams and are substantially identically shaped.
46. A compound archery bow according to claim 42, further comprising a bearing assembly disposed at each of the first and second rotation axes, the bearing assembly comprising:
an outside race having a stub portion sized for press-fit reception into first and second bores, respectively, at the first and second rotation axes, and a ridge sized larger than the first and second bores to limit insertion of the outside race therein.
47. A compound archery bow, comprising:
a first pulley assembly having a first rotation axis, the first pulley assembly comprising:
a first eccentric cam having a first drawstring groove receptive of a first portion of a drawstring;
a second eccentric cam having a first power cable groove receptive of a first portion of a power cable;
a third concentric, substantially circular cam having a first control cable groove receptive of a portion of a control cable;
a second pulley assembly having a second rotation axis, the second pulley assembly comprising:
a fourth eccentric cam having a second drawstring groove receptive of a second portion of the drawstring;
a fifth eccentric cam having a second control cable groove receptive of a second portion of the control cable;
wherein as the drawstring is pulled to a full draw, a sum of:
a first path length of the first power cable groove traversed by the power cable; and
a first path length of the first control cable groove traversed by control cable; substantially equals a second path length of the second control cable groove traversed by the control cable.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for electrospinning a fiber from a conducting solution comprising,
establishing an electric field between a conducting solution introduction device and a target,
feeding said conducting fluid from a reservoir to the conducting solution introduction device,
forming a jet of said conducting solution,
applying an electric current to said jet to form fibers, and,
collecting said fiber on a target,
wherein said conducting solution is a combination of at least one polymeric material and at least one mesoporous precursor material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said conducting fluid introduction device is selected from the group consisting of a metal needle with a flat tip and a glass pipette.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said electric field ranges from about 5 kilovolts to about 100 kilovolts.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said electric filed is about 20 kilovolts.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said conducting solution is fed to said conducting solution introduction device at a controlled rate.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said rate ranges from about 0.1 to about 1000 microlitersminute.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said rate is controlled by maintaining said conducting fluid at a constant pressure or constant flow rate.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said target is a metal screen, mechanical reel, aerodynamic current or an aqueous liquid.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), poly(ethylene oxide), nylon, polyesters, polyamides, poly(amic acids), polyimides, polyethers, polyketones, polyurethanes, polycaprolactones, polyacrylonitriles, polyaramides, conjugated polymers such as the electroluminescent polymer, poly(2-methoxy, 5 ethyl (2 hexyloxy) para-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV), polyphenylene-vinylenes, polyarylene-vinylenes, polythienolene-vinylenes, polypyrrolo-vinylenes, polyheteroarylene-vinylenes, polyanilines, polyphenylenes, polyarylenes, polythiophenes, polypyrroles, polyheteroarylenes, polyphenylene-ethynylenes, polyaryleneethynylenes, polythieno-ethynylenes, polyheteroarylene-ethynylenes, and mixtures thereof.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the mesoporous precursor material comprises gels prepared with surfactants.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said surfactants are selected from the group consisting of pluronic P-123, pluronic F-127, pluronic F-77, pluronic P-104, pluronic F-38, pluronic L-121, Vitamin E TPGS, Tergitols, Triton-X, polyethylene glycol, alkyl ammonium halides, alkyl amines and mixtures thereof.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein said mesoporous precursor material comprises a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, titanium dioxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, tantalum oxide, vanadium pentoxide, indium tin oxide, calcium aluminate and mixtures thereof.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein said fiber has a diameter ranging from about 10 nanometers up to about 1,000 nanometers
14. A method for electrospinning a polymer fiber from a conducting solution in the presence of an electric field established between a conducting solution introduction device and a target comprising: a) forming an electrospinning jet stream of said conducting solution, wherein said conducting solution is a combination of at least one polymeric material and at least one mesoporous material; and b) electrically controlling the flow characteristics of said jet stream.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein said flow characteristics of said jet stream are electrically controlled by at least one electrode.
16. An electrospinning apparatus comprising one or more conducting solution introduction devices for providing a quantity of conducting solution, said conducting solution introduction devices being electrically charged thereby establishing an electric field between said conducting solution introduction devices and a target; and means for controlling the flow characteristics of conducting solution from said one or more conducting solution introduction devices.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said means for independently controlling the flow characteristics comprises at least one electrode disposed adjacent to each conducting solution introduction device.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said means for independently controlling said flow characteristics comprises a means for individually electrically turning on and off a respective spinneret.
19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said apparatus further comprises a pressure source for supplying conducting solution to said solution introduction device at a predetermined pressure.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said pressure source is adapted to control the supply rate of conductive fluid at a constant flow rate.
21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said pressure source is adapted to control the supply of conductive fluid at a constant pressure.
22. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said apparatus comprises a pressure source for supplying different conducting solutions to at least two solution introduction devices.
23. A method of making a network of fibers wherein, said network comprises a composite of polymer fibers and mesoporous molecular sieve fibers, and further wherein, said fibers are produced by electrospinning.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of poly(lactic acid), poly(glycolic acid), poly(ethylene oxide), nylon, polyesters, polyamides, poly(amic acids), polyimides, polyethers, polyketones, polyurethanes, polycaprolactones, polyacrylonitriles, polyaramides, conjugated polymers such as the electroluminescent polymer, poly(2-methoxy, 5 ethyl (2 hexyloxy) para-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV), polyphenylene-vinylenes, polyarylene-vinylenes, polythienolene-vinylenes, polypyrrolo-vinylenes, polyheteroarylene-vinylenes, polyanilines, polyphenylenes, polyarylenes, polythiophenes, polypyrroles, polyheteroarylenes, polyphenylene-ethynylenes, polyaryleneethynylenes, polythieno-ethynylenes, polyheteroarylene-ethynylenes, and mixtures thereof.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein the mesoporous material comprises gels prepared with surfactants.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein said surfactants are selected from the group consisting of pluronic P-123, pluronic F-127, pluronic F-77, pluronic P-104, pluronic F-38, pluronic L-121, Vitamin E TPGS, Tergitols, Triton-X, polyethylene glycol, alkyl ammonium halides, alkyl amines and mixtures thereof.
27. The method of claim 23, wherein said mesoporous material is a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, titanium dioxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, tantalum oxide, vanadium pentoxide, indium tin oxide, calcium aluminate and mixtures thereof.