1. A method of making a throttle body with a modular fluid communication port for various sizes of internal combustion engines, the throttle body operable to control fluid flow to an intake port of the internal combustion engines, the method comprising:
molding a valve housing portion having an inner diameter sized to receive a butterfly valve therein;
selecting a cylindrical tooling device with a desired outer diameter sized to correspond to a fluid flow diameter of an intake port of a desired internal combustion engine; and
forming an inlet housing portion located adjacent to the valve housing portion by inserting the cylindrical tooling device to form an inner diameter of the inlet housing portion, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet housing portion is less than the inner diameter of the valve housing portion.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the inlet housing portion and the inner diameter of the valve housing portion are co-axial.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the valve housing portion and the inlet housing portion are molded from at least one of a die cast material and a thermoplastic material.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the inlet housing portion located adjacent to the valve housing portion includes forming the inner diameter of the inlet housing portion to be less than the inner diameter of the valve housing portion.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the inlet housing portion located adjacent to the valve housing portion includes forming the inner diameter of the inlet housing portion to be equal to the inner diameter of the valve housing portion.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the inlet housing portion located adjacent to the valve housing portion includes forming the inner diameter of the inlet housing portion to be greater than the inner diameter of the valve housing portion.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the cylindrical tooling device with a desired outer diameter includes selecting a cylindrically shaped pin.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein molding the valve housing portion includes inserting a plug device into cooperating mold halves that have received a throttle body molding material.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein inserting the plug device includes inserting a plug device having an outer diameter that is greater than the outer diameter of the cylindrical tooling device.
10. A method of making a series of throttle bodies for various internal combustion engine sizes comprising:
a. providing a mold with a standard outer shape and a passageway first portion to form the throttle bodies;
b. placing a first pin within said mold to form a passageway second portion sized to fit a particular first engine;
c. molding a first throttle body with a flowable material;
d. removing the throttle body from the mold;
e. placing a second pin within the mold to form a passageway second portion sized to fit a particular second engine;
f. molding a second throttle body with a flowable material; and
g. removing the second throttle body from the mold.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said flowable material comprises at least one of a die cast material and a thermoplastic material.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising placing a first-sized plate valve within the first portion of the passageway of the throttle body molded for the second engine.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein said first and second portions of said passageway are co-axial.
14. The method of claim 10, further comprising placing a first-sized plate valve within the first portion of the passageway of the throttle body molded for the first engine.
15. A method of making a throttle body with a modular fluid communication port for various sizes of internal combustion engines, the method comprising:
selecting a first cylindrical tooling device having a first outer diameter;
pouring a throttle body molding material into a mold;
inserting the first cylindrical tooling device into the mold to form an inner diameter surface of a valve housing portion of the throttle body;
selecting a second cylindrical tooling device having a second outer diameter; and
inserting the second cylindrical tooling device into the mold to form an inner diameter surface for an inlet housing portion of the throttle body, wherein inserting the second cylindrical tooling device includes contacting an end surface of the second cylindrical tooling device with an end surface of the first cylindrical tooling device.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein selecting the second outer diameter includes selecting the second outer diameter to correspond to a flow diameter of an intake port of a desired internal combustion engine.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein selecting the second outer diameter includes selecting the second outer diameter to be less than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical tooling device.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein selecting the second cylindrical tooling device includes using a different sized second outer diameter without changing the mold.
19. The method of claim 15, further comprising machining the inner diameter surface of the inlet housing portion to increase the inner diameter thereof.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A patterned photovoltaic device comprising
at least one photovoltaic cell,
at least one carrier substrate attached to said cell,
at least one opening through said at least one cell and at least one carrier substrate.
2. Device of claim 1 wherein said at least one opening allows at least partial transmission of incident light.
3. Device of claim 1 wherein said at least one opening includes a plurality of openings.
4. Device of claim 3 wherein said plurality of openings are arranged in a pattern producing a graphical representation conveying information to a viewer.
5. Device of claim 1 further comprising electrical terminals connected to said at least one photovoltaic cell.
6. Device of claim 5 further comprising a charger connected to the output terminals.
7. Device of claim 5 further comprising an inverter connected to the output terminals.
8. Device of claim 1 wherein said at least one photovoltaic cell is at least one flexible photovoltaic cell.
9. Device of claim 1 wherein said at least one opening is produced by punching.
10. Device of claim 1 further comprising at least one cover sheet attached to said at least one carrier substrate.
11. Device of claim 4 wherein the graphical representation includes text.
12. Device of claim 4 wherein the graphic representation includes a picture.
13. A punching apparatus for producing openings in patterned photovoltaic cells comprising:
at least one blanking die and at least one pressure pad to hold photovoltaic cells;
at least one puncher to produce openings;
a positioning stage to move and align the cells to the puncher;
a punch controller to control the punching process.
14. Apparatus of claim 13 wherein at least one puncher is a plurality of punchers.
15. Apparatus of claim 14 wherein plurality of punchers includes punchers of at least two different sizes.
16. Apparatus of claim 14 wherein plurality of punchers includes punchers of at least two different cross-sections.
17. Apparatus of claim 13 further comprising digital data containing positions, shapes and sizes of opening to be produced on said photovoltaic cells.
18. A method of producing a patterned photovoltaic device comprising steps of
producing a photovoltaic cell;
attaching the cell to a carrier substrate;
producing at least one opening through the cell and the carrier substrate.
19. Method of claim 18 wherein at least one opening is produced by punching.
20. Method of claim 20 wherein said at least one opening includes a plurality of openings arranged in a pattern producing a graphical representation conveying information to a viewer.