What is claimed is:
1. Fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells containing exogeneous fructose 1,6-diphosphate in an amount effective to enhance the oxygen carrying capacity thereof.
2. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 1, wherein said blood cells are human red blood cells.
3. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 1, wherein said blood cells are selected from the group consisting of dog, cat, horse, rabbit and goat red blood cells.
4. The fixed-dried mammalian blood cells according to claim 1, produced by a process comprising:
providing mammalian red blood cells, then
freezing said red blood cells at an elevated pressure sufficient to form ice II, ice III, ice V or ice VI therein; and then
drying said frozen cells to produce said fixed dried mammalian red blood cells.
5. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 4, having a water soluble polymer covalently coupled to the cell membrane thereof.
6. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 1, having a water soluble polymer covalently coupled to the cell membrane thereof.
7. A formulation comprising red blood cells according to claim 1 reconstituted in an aqueous carrier solution.
8. A method of administering red blood cells to a mammalian subject, comprising reconstituting red blood cells according to claim 1 in an aqueous carrier solution, and then administering said reconstituted red blood cells to said subject.
9. Fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells having a water soluble polymer covalently coupled to the cell membrane thereof.
10. Fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 9, wherein water soluble polymer is polyethylene glycol.
11. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 9, wherein said blood cells are human red blood cells.
12. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 9, wherein said blood cells are selected from the group consisting of dog, cat, horse, rabbit and goat red blood cells.
13. A formulation comprising red blood cells according to claim 9 reconstituted in an aqueous carrier solution.
14. A method of administering red blood cells to a mammalian subject, comprising reconstituting red blood cells according to claim 9 in an aqueous carrier solution, and then administering said reconstituted red blood cells to said subject.
15. A method of making fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells, comprising:
providing mammalian red blood cells, then
freezing said red blood cells at an elevated pressure sufficient to form ice II, ice III, ice V or ice VI therein; and then
drying said frozen cells to produce said fixed dried mammalian red blood cells.
16. Fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells produced by the process of claim 15.
17. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 16, wherein said blood cells are human red blood cells.
18. The fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells according to claim 16, wherein said blood cells are selected from the group consisting of dog, cat, horse, rabbit and goat red blood cells.
19. A formulation comprising red blood cells according to claim 16 reconstituted in an aqueous carrier solution.
20. A method of administering red blood cells to a mammalian subject, comprising reconstituting red blood cells according to claim 16 in an aqueous carrier solution, and then administering said reconstituted red blood cells to said subject.
21. A composition of fixed-dried mammalian blood cells, said composition consisting essentially of fixed-dried mammalian red blood cells in combination with fixed-dried mammalian blood platelets;
wherein the ratio by weight of red blood cells to blood platelets in said composition is between 1:0.5 and 3:1.
22. The composition according to claim 21, said red blood cells containing exogeneous fructose 1,6-diphosphate in an amount effective to enhance the oxygen carrying capacity thereof.
22. The composition according to claim 21, wherein said blood cells are human blood cells.
23. The composition according to claim 21, wherein said blood cells are selected from the group consisting of dog, cat, horse, rabbit and goat blood cells.
24. The composition according to claim 21, wherein said blood cells are dog blood cells.
25. The composition according to claim 21, produced by a process comprising:
providing mammalian blood cells, then
freezing said red blood cells at an elevated pressure sufficient to form ice II, ice III, ice V or ice VI therein; and then
drying said frozen cells to produce said fixed dried mammalian blood cells.
26. The composition according to claim 25, said red blood cells having a water soluble polymer covalently coupled to the cell membrane thereof.
28. A formulation comprising blood cells according to claim 21 reconstituted in an aqueous carrier solution.
29. A method of administering blood cells to a mammalian subject, comprising
reconstituting blood cells according to claim 21 in an aqueous carrier solution to produce a reconstituted blood cell preparation, and then
administering said reconstituted blood cell preparation to said subject;
said reconstituted blood cell preparation containing from 1 to 10109 red blood cells per milliliter and from 1 to 10109 blood platelets per milliliter.
30. A kit comprising:
a first container having a composition consisting essentially of fixed-dried mammalian blood cells therein;
a second container having a composition consisting essentially of fixed-dried mammalian blood platelets therein;
wherein the ratio by weight of red blood cells to blood platelets in said kit is between 1:0.5 and 3:1.
31. A kit according to claim 30, further comprising
a third container having an aqueous buffer solution for reconstituting both said red blood cells and said blood platelets.
32. The kit according to claim 30, said red blood cells containing exogeneous fructose 1,6-diphosphate in an amount effective to enhance the oxygen carrying capacity thereof.
33. The kit according to claim 30, wherein said blood cells are human blood cells.
34. The kit according to claim 30, wherein said blood cells are selected from the group consisting of dog, cat, horse, rabbit and goat blood cells.
35. The kit according to claim 30, wherein said blood cells are dog blood cells.
36. The kit according to claim 30, said red blood cells having a water soluble polymer covalently coupled to the cell membrane thereof.
37. A method of administering blood cells to a mammalian subject, comprising:
reconstituting red blood cells according to claim 31 in an aqueous carrier solution to form a reconstituted red blood cell preparation;
separately reconstituting blood platelets according to claim 31 in an aqueous carrier solution to form an reconstituted platelet preparation;
combining said reconstituted red blood cell preparation with said reconsituted platelet preparation to produce a reconstituted blood cell preparation; and then
administering said reconstituted blood cell preparation to said subject;
said reconstituted blood cell preparation containing from 1 to 10109 red blood cells per milliliter and from 1 to 10109 blood platelets per milliliter.
38. The method according to claim 31, wherein the same aqueous carrier solution is used in said step of reconstituting red blood cells and said step of separately reconstituting said blood platelets.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A backup method, suitable for a computer system including at least one hard disk, said computer system being coupled to at least one data storage device, said backup method comprising the steps of:
generating a first emulator of said hard disk;
generating a second emulator of said data storage device; and
writing data in said first emulator to said second emulator.
2. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said first emulator is located in a memory of said hard disk.
3. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said data storage device is a hard disk.
4. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said second emulator is located in a memory of said data storage device.
5. The backup method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of emulating said second emulator into an image file.
6. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said hard disk has at least one partition.
7. The backup method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of said partition is being emulated into said first emulator.
8. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said data storage device is a partition.
9. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said data storage device is a memory.
10. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said writing step comprises the substep of locating data to said first emulator.
11. The backup method according to claim 5, wherein said writing step comprises the substep of locating data to said image file.
12. The backup method according to claim 1, wherein said first emulator and said second emulator are suitable for a Virtual PC software respectively.
13. A recovery method, suitable for a computer system including at least one hard disk, said computer system implementing at least one image file, said recovery method comprising the steps of:
selecting, in said image file, data that is to be restored said at least one hard disk;
generating a first emulator of said hard disk;
generating a second emulator of said selected data; and
writing data in said second emulator to said first emulator.
14. The recovery method according to claim 13, wherein said hard disk has at least one partition.
15. An implementing method for a Virtual PC software, suitable for a computer system including at least one image file and a Virtual PC software, said image file having a backed up data, said implementing method comprising the steps of:
emulating said image file into a virtual hard disk; and
implementing said virtual hard disk by said Virtual PC software thereby without having an operating system.
16. The implementing method according to claim 15, further comprising the step of determining said backed up data.
17. The implementing method according to claim 16, wherein said backed up data keeps data of a hard disk.
18. The implementing method according to claim 16, wherein said backed up data keeps data of a partition.
19. The implementing method according to claim 18, wherein said virtual hard disk includes said partition.
20. The implementing method according to claim 15, wherein said implementing step comprises the substep of locating data.