1. A solution method for preparing an electronic interconnect structure comprising:
(a) selecting a substrate having a plurality of resist layers thereon;
(b) contacting the substrate with a stripper solution for a time sufficient to remove said plurality of resist layers; wherein the stripper solution: (i) comprises dimethyl sulfoxide, a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, and an alkanolamine having at least two carbon atoms, at least one amino substituent and at least one hydroxyl substituent, the amino and hydroxyl substituents attached to different carbon atoms.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of rinsing said stripper solution from said substrate with a solvent.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said rinsing involves rinsing said substrate with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, and a lower alcohol.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said rinsing involves rinsing with water and said water is DI water.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein said rinsing involves rinsing with a lower alcohol and said lower alcohol is isopropanol.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting involves selecting a substrate having at least three resist layers.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with a stripper solution further comprising a secondary solvent.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with a stripper solution, wherein said secondary solvent is a glycol ether.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with a stripper solution, wherein said glycol ether is diethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including a substituted quaternary ammonium hydroxide wherein said substituted quaternary ammonium hydroxide has substitutents that are (C1-C8)alkyl, arylalkyl or combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 6, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including from about 20% to about 90% dimethyl sulfoxide; from about 1% to about 7% quaternary ammonium hydroxide; from about 1% to about 75% alkanolamine.
12. The method of claim 6, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including said alkanolamine having the formula:
where R1 is H, (C1-C4) alkyl, or (C1-C4) alkylamino.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including said alkanolamine wherein R1 is CH2CH2NH2.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution at a temperature ranging from about 50\xb0 C. to about 85\xb0 C.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein said contacting involves immersing said substrate in said stripper solution.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein said contacting involves spraying said stripper solution onto the substrate.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein said spraying involves spraying a single substrate at a time.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein said spraying involves spraying a plurality of substrates at the same time.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution under a blanket of nitrogen.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution having a dryness coefficient (DC) of at least about 1, where said dryness coefficient is defined by the equation:
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21. The method of claim 20, wherein said method further comprises the step of rinsing the stripper solution from the substrate with a solvent.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein said rinsing involves rinsing the substrate with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, and a lower alcohol.
23. The method of claim 21 wherein said rinsing involves rinsing with water and said water is DI water.
24. The method of claim 22, wherein said rinsing involves rinsing with a lower alcohol and said lower alcohol is isopropanol.
25. The method of claim 20, wherein said selecting involves selecting a substrate having at least three resist layers.
26. The method of claim 20, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with a stripper solution further comprising a secondary solvent.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with a stripper solution, wherein said secondary solvent is a glycol ether.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with a stripper solution, wherein said glycol ether is diethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
29. The method of claim 20, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including a substituted quaternary ammonium hydroxide wherein said substituted quaternary ammonium hydroxide has substitutents that are (C1-C8)alkyl, arylalkyl or combinations thereof.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the dimethyl sulfoxide comprises from about 20% to about 90% of the composition; the quaternary ammonium hydroxide comprises from about 1% to about7% of the composition; the alkanolamine comprises from about 1% to about 75% of the composition.
31. The method of claim 20, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including said alkanolamine having the formula:
where R1 is H, (C1-C4) alkyl, or (C1-C4) alkylamino.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution including said alkanolamine wherein R1 is CH2CH2NH2.
33. The method of claim 20, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution at a temperature ranging from about 50\xb0 C. to about 85\xb0 C.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein said contacting involves immersing said substrate in said stripper solution.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein said contacting involves spraying said stripper solution onto the substrate.
36. The method of claim 35 wherein said spraying involves spraying a single substrate at a time.
37. The method of claim 34 wherein the spraying involves spraying a plurality of substrates at the same time.
38. The method of claim 20, wherein said contacting involves contacting said substrate with said stripper solution under a blanket of nitrogen.
39. An electronic interconnect structure prepared according to claim 1.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for stimulating an immune response to a tissue expressing prostate specific membrane antibody (PSMA) in a subject individual of a first species, comprising administering to the subject individual an immunologically-effective amount of xenogeneic or xenoexpressed PSMA antigen.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject individual of the first species is human.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the PSMA antigen is a xenogeneic PSMA antigen derived from a source selected from the group consisting of rodents, dogs, cats, cows, and sheep PSMA antigen.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering is achieved by immunization with DNA encoding a xenogeneic PSMA antigen.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the DNA immunization is achieved by immunization with liposomes comprising DNA encoding the xenogeneic PSMA antigen.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the DNA immunization is achieved by immunization with gold particles coated with DNA encoding the xenogeneic PSMA antigen.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the DNA encoding the PSMA antigen is an expression vector encoding the PSMA antigen.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the immune response is a cellular or humoral response.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the amount of xenogeneic or xenoexpressed PSMA antigen is sufficient to provide immunoprotection against growth of tumors expressing PSMA.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the amount of xenogeneic or xenoexpressed PSMA antigen is sufficient to provide immunoprotection against growth of tumors expressing PSMA.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering is achieved by immunization with a construct comprising DNA encoding a xenogeneic PSMA antigen, said construct resulting in expression of the xenogeneic PSMA antigen in the subject individual.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the subject individual has prostate cancer.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of administering is achieved by immunization with a construct comprising DNA encoding a xenogeneic PSMA antigen, said construct resulting in expression of the xenogeneic PSMA antigen in the subject individual.