1. A hard coating composition, comprising:
a surface-modified Boehmite nano particle of 5 to 50 weight %;
a photo-hardening-type acrylate compound of 10 to 50 weight %;
an organic solvent of 30 to 70 of weight %; and
a photo-initiator of 1 to 10 weight %,
wherein the hard coating composition is provided with a pH thereof between 4 to 6.
2. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
a surface of the Boehmite nano particle is modified with an alkoxy silane compound, and
the alkoxy silane compound comprises at least one of an acrylic-based alkoxy silane compound and a vinyl-based alkoxy silane compound.
3. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the photo-hardening-type acrylate compound comprises at least one of acrylate monomer, urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, and acrylic acrylate.
4. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the organic solvent comprises at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, normal-propanol, butanol, isobutanol, ethyl-cellosolve, methyl-cellosolve, butyl-celloslove, butyl-acetate, diacetone alcohol, methyl-ethyl ketone, propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethylene-glycol isopropyl alcohol.
5. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the photo-initiator comprises at least one type of a benzo-phenone type, an acetone-phenone type, a benzoin-ether type, benzyl-ketal type, a thioctic-xanthone type, and an anthraquinone type.
6. The hard coating composition of claim 1, further comprising:
a surface improving material or an anti-static material.
7. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the pH is controlled through at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
8. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the Boehmite nano particle is acicular.
9. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the Boehmite nano particle has a size from 1 nm to 20 nm.
10. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
the surface modification of the Boehmite nano particle is performed at a temperature between 60\xb0 C. and 80\xb0 C.
11. The hard coating composition of claim 1, wherein:
in a case when the surface of the Boehmite nano particle is being modified, the pH of the solvent having the dispersed Boehmite nano particle is controlled at between 3 and 5.
12. A product having a surface coated with a hard coating composition, the hard coating composition characterized by including:
a surface-modified Boehmite nano particle of 5 to 50 weight %;
a photo hardening-type acrylate compound of 10 to 50 weight %;
an organic solvent of 30 to 70 weight %; and
a photo-initiator of 1 to 10 weight %.
13. The product of claim 12, wherein:
a pH of the hard coating composition is between 4 and 6.
14. The product of claim 12, wherein:
a surface of the Boehmite nano particle is modified with an alkoxy silane compound, and the alkoxy silane compound comprises at least one of an acrylic-based alkoxy silane compound and a vinyl-based alkoxy silane compound.
15. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the photo hardening-type acrylate compound comprises at least one of acrylate monomer, urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, and acrylic acrylate.
16. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the organic solvent comprises at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, normal-propanol, butanol, isobutanol, ethyl-cellosolve, methyl-cellosolve, butyl-celloslove, butyl-acetate, diacetone alcohol, methyl-ethyl ketone, propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethylene-glycol isopropyl alcohol.
17. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the photo-initiator comprises at least one type of a benzo-phenone type, an acetone-phenone type, a benzoin-ether type, benzyl-ketal type, a thioctic-xanthone type, and an anthraquinone type.
18. The product of claim 12, further comprising:
a surface improving material or an anti-static material.
19. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the pH is controlled through at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and triethylamine.
20. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the Boehmite nano particle is acicular.
21. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the Boehmite nano particle has a size from 1 nm to 20 nm.
22. The product of claim 12, wherein:
the surface modification of the Boehmite nano particle is performed at a temperature between 60\xb0 C. and 80\xb0 C.
23. The product of claim 12, wherein:
in a case when the surface of the Boehmite nano particle is being modified, the pH of the solvent having the dispersed Boehmite nano particle is controlled at between 3 and 5.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A ball for a ball game, comprising:
a spherical body formed by winding a yarn having radio wave transmissivity into a spherical shape; and
a radio wave reflectability-given reflecting portion that is formed from a portion of the yarn having the radio wave transmissivity and an electrically conductive material, thereby to be reflective to radio waves, wherein
the reflecting portion is disposed on a spherical surface whose center is the center of the spherical body.
2. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the yarn having the radio wave transmissivity is a knitting yarn or a cotton yarn and the reflecting portion of the yarn is formed from a metal wire or carbon fiber.
3. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting portion of the yarn is impregnated with the electrically conductive material, or, the electrically conductive material is vapor deposited on the reflecting portion of the yarn, or, the reflecting portion of the yarn is plated with the electrically conductive material.
4. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the surface resistance of the reflecting portion of the yarn is 130 \u03a9sq. or less.
5. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the reflecting portion of the yarn is 10% of the total mass of the ball for a ball game or less.
6. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting portion is formed on the surface of the spherical body, and the percentage of the surface occupied by the reflecting portion is 10% or more.
7. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting portion is formed on the surface of the spherical body, and the percentage of the surface occupied by the reflecting portion is 20% or more and 60% or less.
8. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting portion is formed on the surface of the spherical body, and
the number of turns of the portion of the yarn from which the reflecting portion is configured is 5 to 500.
9. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting portion is formed on a spherical surface located inward from the surface of the spherical body.
10. The ball for a ball game according to claim 9, wherein the percentage of the surface occupied by the reflecting portion is 10% or more.
11. The ball for a ball game according to claim 9, wherein the percentage of the surface occupied by the reflecting portion is 20% or more and 60% or less.
12. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the ball for a ball game is a hard baseball ball, and
a cover layer is provided covering the spherical body.
13. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting portion is formed on the surface of the spherical body, and
the number of turns of the portion of the yarn from which the reflecting portion is configured is 20 to 200.
14. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein a mass of the reflecting portion of the yarn is not more than 10% of a total mass of the ball.
15. The ball for a ball game according to claim 14, wherein the mass of the reflecting portion of the yarn is from 0.5% to 5% of the total mass of the ball.
16. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the radio wave reflectability \u0393 and a surface resistance R of the reflecting portion of the yarn are related by the formulas:
\u0393=(377\u2212R)(377+R); and
R=(377(1\u2212\u0393))(1+\u0393).
17. The ball for a ball game according to claim 16, wherein the radio wave reflectance \u0393 is not less than 0.5 and the surface resistance R is not more than 130 \u03a9sq.
18. The ball for a ball game according to claim 16, wherein the radio wave reflectance \u0393 is not less than 0.9 and the surface resistance R is not more than 20 \u03a9sq.
19. The ball for a ball game according to claim 12, wherein cover layer is a cowhide cover layer.
20. The ball for a ball game according to claim 1, wherein the spherical surface on which the reflecting portion is disposed exists between a core layer and a cover layer.