1. A thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device comprising:
(a) a flexible substrate;
(b) a flexible optical layer attached to one surface of said flexible substrate;
(c) a flexible electronics layer having a matrix architecture attached to said flexible substrate opposite of said flexible optical layer and electrically isolated therefrom, said matrix architecture electrically exposed opposite of said flexible substrate;
(d) a plurality of actuators composed of an electrically responsive material and having a first end and a second end, said actuators communicating with said matrix architecture within said flexible electronics layer at said first end, each said actuator aligned so that expansion and contraction thereof intersects said flexible substrate;
(e) at least one power switch communicating with said actuators along said flexible electronics layer; and
(f) a reactive force element, each said actuator communicating with said reactive force element at said second end, each said actuator aligned so that expansion and contraction thereof intersects said reactive force element, said reactive force element resisting expansion and contraction of said actuators.
2. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 1, wherein each said actuator having one said power switch electrically connected thereto, each said power switch disposed within said matrix architecture.
3. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 1, wherein at least two said actuators having one said power switch electrically connected thereto, said power switch disposed within said matrix architecture.
4. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 1, wherein at least two said actuator having two said power switches electrically connected thereto, said power switches disposed within said matrix architecture.
5. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 1, further comprising:
(g) a digital controller disposed within said matrix architecture, said digital controller having an IO interface for receiving control commands and communicating optical state information.
6. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device as in one of claims 1-5, wherein said power switch compromises a pair of MOSFET switches each electrically connected to at least two blocking diodes and arranged to minimize charge leakage.
7. A thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device comprising:
(a) a flexible substrate;
(b) a flexible optical layer attached to one surface of said flexible substrate;
(c) a flexible electronics layer having a matrix architecture attached to said flexible substrate opposite of said flexible optical layer and electrically isolated therefrom, said matrix architecture electrically exposed opposite of said flexible substrate;
(d) a reactive force element;
(e) an electronics layer having a second matrix architecture attached to said reactive force element and electrically isolated therefrom, said second matrix architecture electrically exposed opposite of said reactive force element;
(f) a plurality of actuators composed of an electrically responsive material and having a first end and a second end, said actuators communicating with said matrix architecture within said flexible electronics layer at said first end, said actuators communicating with said second matrix architecture within said electronics layer at said second end, each said actuator aligned so that expansion and contraction thereof intersects said flexible substrate and said reactive force element, said reactive force element resisting expansion and contraction of said actuators; and
(g) at least one power switch communicating with said actuators along said flexible electronics layer and said electronics layer.
8. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 7, wherein each said actuator having one said power switch electrically connected thereto, each said power switch disposed within one of said matrix architectures.
9. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 7, wherein at least two said actuators having one said power switch electrically connected thereto, said power switch disposed within one of said matrix architectures.
10. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 7, wherein at least two said actuator having two said power switches electrically connected thereto, said power switches disposed within one of said matrix architectures.
11. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 7, further comprising:
(h) a digital controller disposed within at least one said matrix architecture, said digital controller having an IO interface for receiving control commands and communicating optical state information.
12. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device as in one of claims 7-11, wherein said power switch compromises a pair of MOSFET switches each electrically connected to at least two blocking diodes and arranged to minimize charge leakage.
13. A thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device comprising:
(a) a flexible substrate;
(b) a flexible optical layer attached to one surface of said flexible substrate;
(c) a reactive force element;
(d) an electronics layer having a matrix architecture attached to said reactive force element and electrically isolated therefrom, said matrix architecture electrically exposed opposite of said reactive force element;
(e) a plurality of actuators composed of an electrically responsive material and having a first end and a second end, said actuators communicating with said flexible substrate opposite of said flexible optical layer at said first end, said actuators communicating with said matrix architecture within said electronics layer at said second end, each said actuator aligned so that expansion and contraction thereof intersects said flexible substrate and said reactive force element, said reactive force element resisting expansion and contraction of said actuators; and
(f) at least one power switch communicating with said actuators along said electronics layer.
14. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 13, wherein each said actuator having one said power switch electrically connected thereto, each said power switch disposed within said matrix architecture.
15. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 13, wherein at least two said actuators having one said power switch electrically connected thereto, said power switch disposed within said matrix architecture.
16. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 13, wherein at least two said actuator having two said power switches electrically connected thereto, said power switches disposed within said matrix architecture.
17. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device of claim 13, further comprising:
(g) a digital controller disposed within said matrix architecture, said digital controller having an IO interface for receiving control commands and communicating optical state information.
18. The thin, nearly wireless adaptive optical device as in one of claims 13-17, wherein said power switch compromises a pair of MOSFET switches each electrically connected to at least two blocking diodes and arranged to minimize charge leakage.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of enhancing executive cognitive function in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a composition including an effective amount of at least 50 mg per unit dose andor serving of a component selected from the group consisting of one or more of the following: epicatechin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of epicatechin, at least one compound having the formula A, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
wherein
n is an integer from 2 to 18;
X has either \u03b1 or \u03b2 stereochemistry;
R has \u03b1 stereochemistry and is OH;
the 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl moiety of formula A has \u03b1 stereochemistry;
the substituents of C-4, C-6 and C-8 are X, Z and Y, respectively, and bonding of monomeric units occurs at C-4, C-6 or C-8;
when any C-4, C-6 or C-8 is not bonded to another monomeric unit, X, Y and Z are hydrogen;
and wherein the subject is not suffering from a neurodegenerative disease.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is a human.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is a veterinary animal.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein n is 2 to 12.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein n is 2 to 10.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein n is 2.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the composition is a pharmaceutical composition.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the composition is a food.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein the composition is a beverage.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein the composition is a confectionery.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the compound is provided as a cocoa extract.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the compound is provided as a cocoa ingredient.
13. The method of claim 2, wherein the human is selected from the group of: a human participating in a competitive event, a human addressing an audience or gathering, and a human in an entertainment profession.
14. The method of claim 2, wherein the human is selected from the group of: a human engaged in tasks involving intense periods of mental processing, a human performing complex decision-making andor multitasking, a transportation worker, a construction worker, and defense personnel.
15. The method of claim 2, wherein the human is an elderly individual suffering from a decline in cognitive abilities.
16. The method of claim 2, wherein the human is healthy.
17. A method of increasing blood flow in brain vasculature in a healthy subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a composition including an effective amount of at least 50 mg per unit dose andor serving of a component selected from the group consisting of one or more of the following: epicatechin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of epicatechin, at least one compound having the formula A, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
wherein
n is an integer from 2 to 18;
X has either \u03b1 or \u03b2 stereochemistry;
R has \u03b1 stereochemistry and is OH;
the 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl moiety of formula A has \u03b1 stereochemistry;
the substituents of C-4, C-6 and C-8 are X, Z and Y, respectively, and bonding of monomeric units occurs at C-4, C-6 or C-8;
when any C-4, C-6 or C-8 is not bonded to another monomeric unit, X, Y and Z are hydrogen;
and wherein the subject is not suffering from a neurodegenerative disease.