1. A solid-state imaging device comprising:
pixel cells arranged in rows and columns; and
column signal lines each of which is provided for a corresponding one of the columns and transmits signal voltages of the pixel cells in the corresponding column,
the pixel cells each including:
a photoelectric conversion film which is formed above a semiconductor substrate and converts incident light into electric charges;
a pixel electrode which is formed on one surface of the photoelectric conversion film and is in contact with the photoelectric conversion film, the one surface facing the semiconductor substrate;
a transparent electrode which is formed on the other surface of the photoelectric conversion film and applies a constant voltage to the photoelectric conversion film, the other surface being an opposite surface to the one surface facing the semiconductor substrate;
an amplifier transistor which is a transistor formed in the semiconductor substrate, has a gate electrode connected to the pixel electrode, and outputs a signal voltage depending on a potential of the pixel electrode;
a reset transistor which is a transistor formed in the semiconductor substrate and resets a potential of the gate electrode of the amplifier transistor; and
an address transistor which is a transistor formed in the semiconductor substrate, is provided between the amplifier transistor and the column signal line, and causes the pixel cell to output the signal voltage to the column signal line, and
the solid-state imaging device further comprising:
a lower-refractive-index transparent layer formed above the transparent electrode; and
a plurality of higher-refractive-index transparent parts embedded in the lower-refractive-index transparent layer and each having a refractive index higher than a refractive index of the lower-refractive-index transparent layer,
wherein each of the higher-refractive-index transparent parts separates light passing through the higher-refractive-index transparent part into zero-order diffracted light, first-order diffracted light, and negative-first-order diffracted light which exit the higher-refractive-index transparent part and travel toward the photoelectric conversion film.
2. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 1,
wherein each of the higher-refractive-index transparent parts is a transparent part which has a planar shape having a main surface perpendicular to a main surface of the semiconductor substrate or a transparent part which has a columnar shape having a bottom surface parallel to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate.
3. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 2,
wherein each of the pixel cells includes a corresponding one of the higher-refractive-index transparent parts.
4. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 3,
wherein each of the higher-refractive-index transparent parts has a cross section having a zigzag central axis which bisects the cross section in width, the cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the width being a dimension parallel to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate.
5. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 4,
wherein the higher-refractive-index transparent part includes a first portion and a second portion having different widths which are dimensions parallel to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate, and
the first portion is located closer than the second portion to the semiconductor substrate, and has the width shorter than the width of the second portion.
6. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 5,
wherein each of the zero-order diffracted light, first-order diffracted light, and negative-first-order diffracted light exits the higher-refractive-index transparent part and travels toward the photoelectric conversion film included in different one of the pixel cells.
7. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 6, further comprising
a plurality of light-collecting elements formed on the lower-refractive-index transparent layer,
wherein each of the light-collecting elements has a distribution of effective refractive indices in a light transmissive film having a concentric ring structure which is segmented into regions each having a width shorter than or approximately equal to a wavelength of the incident light.
8. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 1,
each of the pixel cells includes a corresponding one of the higher-refractive-index transparent parts.
9. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 1,
wherein each of the higher-refractive-index transparent parts has a cross section having a zigzag central axis which bisects the cross section in width, the cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the width being a dimension parallel to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate.
10. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 1,
wherein the higher-refractive-index transparent part includes a first portion and a second portion having different widths which are dimensions parallel to the main surface of the semiconductor substrate, and
the first portion is located closer than the second portion to the semiconductor substrate, and has the width shorter than the width of the second portion.
11. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 1,
wherein each of the zero-order diffracted light, first-order diffracted light, and negative-first-order diffracted light exits the higher-refractive-index transparent part and travels toward the photoelectric conversion film included in different one of the pixel cells.
12. The solid-state imaging device according to claim 1, further comprising
a plurality of light-collecting elements formed on the lower-refractive-index transparent layer,
wherein each of the light-collecting elements has a distribution of effective refractive indices in a light transmissive film having a concentric ring structure which is segmented into regions each having a width shorter than or approximately equal to a wavelength of the incident light.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An image processing apparatus configured to acquire a plurality of tables by acquiring a table from each image data of a plurality of image data arranged in a predetermined order, the image processing apparatus comprising:
a header acquiring part that acquires a header, which is at least one of a column and a row of a table, from each of the plurality of tables;
a table connection determining part that determines, as a set of tables to be connected, tables of the plurality of tables that are adjacent to each other in the predetermined order and that have headers that match one another, the set of tables including a first table from a first piece of image data of the plurality of pieces of image data in the predetermined order and one or more second tables;
a table connecting part that deletes the header from each table of the one or more second tables that match the first header and does not delete the header of the a first table and connects the first table having the matching header and the one or more second tables that do not have headers in accordance with the predetermined order.
2. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the header of each table is located on an end row of that table, and
wherein the table connecting part connects the first table and the one or more second tables, from each of which the end row including the header has been deleted, to each other in a downward direction from table to table in accordance with the predetermined order.
3. The image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the end row of each table includes a first row of that table.
4. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the header of each table is located on an end column of that table, and
wherein the table connecting part connects the first table and the one or more second tables, from each of which the end column including the header has been deleted, to each other in a rightward direction from table to table in accordance with the predetermined order.
5. The image processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the end column of each table includes a leftmost column of that table.
6. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the pieces of image data including the adjacent tables further include a non-table component located between the adjacent tables, the table connection determining part determines that the adjacent tables are not to be connected.
7. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of pieces of image data are generated from paper documents by reading images of the paper documents.
8. The image processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined order includes an order in which the paper documents are read.
9. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of pieces of image data includes order information that identifies an arrangement order, and
wherein the predetermined order represents an order specified by the order information.
10. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an image receiving part that receives the plurality of pieces of image data from a plurality of documents.
11. An image processing method comprising:
acquiring a plurality of tables by acquiring a table from each image data of a plurality image data arranged in a predetermined order;
acquiring a header, which is at least one of a column and a row of a table, from each of the plurality of tables;
determining, as a set of tables to be connected, tables of the plurality of tables that are adjacent to each other in the predetermined order and that have headers that match one another, the set of tables including a first table from a first piece of image data of the plurality of pieces of image data in the predetermined order and one or more second tables;
deleting the header from each table of the one or more second tables and not deleting the header of the first table; and
connecting, using a processor, the first table having the header and the one or more second tables that do not have headers in accordance with the predetermined order.
12. A non-transistory computer readable medium storing a program causing a computer to execute a process for image processing, the process comprising:
acquiring a plurality of tables by acquiring a table from each image data of a plurality image data arranged in a predetermined order;
acquiring a header, which is at least one of a column and a row of a table, from each of the plurality of tables;
determining, as a set of tables to be connected, tables of the plurality of tables that are adjacent to each other in the predetermined order and that have headers that match one another, the set of tables including a first table from a first piece of image data of the plurality of pieces of image data in the predetermined order and one or more second tables;
deleting the header from each table of the one or more second tables and not deleting the header of the first table; and
connecting the first table having the header and the one or more second tables that do not have headers in accordance with the predetermined order.
13. An image processing apparatus comprising:
an image receiving unit that acquires first image data corresponding to a first page including a first table, and second image data corresponding to a second page including a second table, the first page including a first header, which is at least one of a column and a row of the first table, the second page including a second header, which is at least one of a column and a row of the second table;
a table connection determining part that determines whether the first table and the second table are a set of tables to be connected by determining whether the first header matches the second header; and
a table connecting part, which if the table connection determining part determines that the first table and the second table are the set of tables to be connected, deletes the second header that matches the first header from the second table and does not delete the first header from the first table and connects a beginning of the second table to an end of the first table.
14. The image processing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein in determining whether the first table and the second table are a set of tables to be connected, the table connection determining part further determines whether the first page and the second page are adjacent to one another.