1. A parking assisting apparatus that displays an image of a view acquired by a camera, as viewed in a direction in which a vehicle moves, on a display located in a passenger compartment for assisting in a parking procedure performed by a driver, wherein the parking procedure includes a first step in which the vehicle is moved with a steering device rotated in one direction and a second step in which the vehicle is moved with the steering device rotated in a direction opposite to that of the first step, and the parking assisting apparatus is characterized by:
a control means, which assumes a path along which the vehicle is moved during the parking procedure, wherein the control means determines an initial steering angle of the steering device, the initial steering angle corresponding to the steering angle of the steering device when initiating the parking procedure, the control means assumes the path of the vehicle based on the assumption that the first step is performed with the initial steering angle and the second step is performed with the steering angle maintained at a predetermined value after the steering device is rotated in the opposite direction, and the control means instructs the display to indicate a steering information’that informs the driver of a timing at which the steering device must be rotated in the opposite direction in accordance with the assumed path.
2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the control means determines a target position at which the vehicle is eventually parked in accordance with a manipulation of a manipulator and assumes the path of the vehicle in accordance with the target position, and the control means determines the initial steering angle based on the assumed path.
3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further characterized by a detecting means that detects a change of the position of the vehicle, wherein the control means determines a timing at which the display indicates the steering information, in accordance with a detection result of the detection means.
4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, further characterized by a detecting means that detects a change of the position of the vehicle, wherein the control means determines a timing at which the display indicates the steering information, in accordance with a detection result of the detection means.
5. The apparatus as set forth in claims 2, further characterized by a detection means that detects a position of the vehicle relative to the target position, wherein the control means determines a timing at which the display indicates the steering information, in accordance with a detection result of the detection means.
6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that the assumed path includes a first path that indicates a path along which the vehicle is moved during the first step and a second path that indicates a path along which the vehicle is moved during the second step, and the control means instructs the display to indicate the steering information when the vehicle is located near a terminating point of the first path in the first step.
7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that the assumed path includes a first path that indicates a path along which the vehicle is moved during the first step and a second path that indicates a path along which the vehicle is moved during the second step, and the control means instructs the display to indicate the steering information when the vehicle is located near a terminating point of the first path the first step.
8. The apparatus as set forth in any one of claim 1, characterized in that the control means deletes the steering information from the display when the steering device is rotated in the opposite direction for beginning the second step.
9. The apparatus as set forth in any one of claim 2, characterized in that the control means deletes the steering information from the display when the steering device is rotated in the opposite direction for beginning the second step.
10. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further characterized by a detecting means that detects a change of the position of the vehicle, wherein the control means judges whether or not the vehicle is located offset from the assumed path, based on a detection result of the detecting means.
11. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, further characterized by a detecting means that detects a change of the position of the vehicle, wherein the control means judges whether or not the vehicle is located offset from the assumed path, based on a detection result of the detecting means.
12. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, further characterized by a detecting means that detects a position of the vehicle relative to the target position, wherein the control means judges whether or not the vehicle is located offset from the assumed path, based on a detection result of the detecting means.
13. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the control means instructs the display to indicate a control means detects a position of the vehicle relative to the reference object with reference to a position of the mark on the display. reference marker for determining an initial position of the vehicle when the parking procedure is started, and when the reference marker and reference object in the view that appears on the display are located at predetermined positions relative to each other, the vehicle is located at the initial position such that the vehicle at the initial position in located at a predetermined position relative to the reference object.
14. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the control means instructs the display to indicate a reference marker for determining an initial position of the vehicle when the parking procedure is started, and when the reference marker and a reference object in the view that appears on the display are located at predetermined positions relative to each other, the vehicle is located at the initial position such that the vehicle at the initial position is located at a predetermined position relative to the reference object.
15. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the control means instructs the display to indicate a reference marker for determining an initial position of the vehicle when the parking procedure is started, when the reference marker and a reference object in the view that appears on the display are located at predetermined positions relative to each other, the vehicle is located at the initial position such that the vehicle at the initial position is located at a predetermined position relative to the reference object, and when the vehicle is located at the initial position, the control means instructs the display to indicate a mark that represents a target position at which the vehicle is eventually parked in accordance with the assumed path.
16. The apparatus as set forth in claim 15, characterized in that, when the vehicle is located at the initial position, the
17. The apparatus as set forth in claim 16, characterized in that, when the vehicle is located at the initial position, the vehicle is located on a horizontal line that intersects the reference object and inclines in a predetermined direction, the control means determines a lateral interval between the vehicle and the reference object that is measured in a lateral direction of the vehicle in accordance with the position of the mark on the display, and the control means detects the position of the vehicle relative to the reference object based on the lateral interval when the vehicle is located at the initial position.
18. The apparatus as set forth in claim 16, characterized in that the vehicle is spaced from the reference object in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle by a predetermined longitudinal interval when the vehicle is located at the initial position, the control means determines a lateral interval between the vehicle and the reference object that is measured in a lateral direction of the vehicle in accordance with the position of the mark on the display, and the control means detects the position’of the vehicle relative to the reference object based on the longitudinal interval and the lateral interval.
19. The apparatus as set forth in any one of claims 16, characterized in that the control means determines the assumed path that prevents the vehicle from,interfering with the reference object, based on the position of the vehicle relative to the reference object.
20. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the steering angle after the steering is rotated in the opposite direction is fixed to a maximum acceptable value.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An ink-jet printing process comprising the steps of:
a) providing an ink-receiver;
b) providing a surface layer by ink-jet technology on at least a portion of said ink-receiver with a dotsize control fluid wherein the surface layer has a dry thickness between 0.1 and 10 \u03bcm;
c) jetting at least one radiation curable ink-jet ink droplet to said surface layer on said ink-receiver;
wherein said dotsize control fluid comprises a surfactant, a film forming polymeric resin and an inorganic filler, wherein the ratio PF is greater than 3.0, with P being the weight % of film forming polymeric resin and F being the weight % of inorganic filler, both based on the total weight of the dotsize control fluid, and said surfactant is present in said surface layer in the range of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total dry weight of the surface layer
and wherein the polymeric resin content in the dotsize control fluid is between 1 and 13 wt % based on the total weight of the dotsize control fluid.
2. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, said ink-jet printing process further comprising the steps of:
d) providing a second ink-receiver;
e) providing a surface layer on at least a portion of said second ink-receiver with said dotsize control fluid; and
f) jetting at least one radiation curable ink-jet ink droplet to said surface, layer on said second ink-receiver.
3. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 2, wherein the dot size on said first ink-receiver and said second ink-receiver differs by no more than 30 \u03bcm.
4. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 2, wherein the dot size on said first ink-receiver and said second ink-receiver divided by said radiation curable ink-jet ink droplet volume differs by no more than 0.7 \u03bcmpL.
5. The ink jet printing process according to claim 4, wherein the dotsize on said first ink-receiver and said second ink-receiver differs by no more than 30 \u03bcm.
6. A printed ink-receiver prepared in accordance with the process of claim 2.
7. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic filler has an average particle size smaller than 0.8 \u03bcm.
8. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer has a thickness between 0.1 and 5 \u03bcm.
9. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein said dotsize control fluid is applied in an amount between 0.1 and 10 gm2.
10. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 9, wherein said at least one radiation curable ink-jet comprises less than 5 weight percent of organic solvent.
11. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 10, wherein the surface layer has a thickness between 0.1 and 5 \u03bcm.
12. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 11, wherein said inorganic filler is colloidal silica, wherein said at least one radiation-curable ink-jet ink comprises less than 20 weight percent of monofunctional monomer based on the total ink weight, and wherein said film forming polymeric resin is prepared using monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl esters, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, vinylidene chloride, polyisocyanates, aromatic polycarboxylic acids and polyols.
13. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic filler is colloidal silica.
14. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein said at least one radiation curable ink-jet ink comprises less than 5 weight percent of organic solvent.
15. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein said at least one radiation curable ink-jet ink comprises less than 20 weight percent of monofunctional monomer based on the total ink weight.
16. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein said film forming polymeric resin is prepared using monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl esters, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, vinylidene chloride, polyisocyanates, aromatic polycarboxylic acids and polyols.
17. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 1, wherein P is no more than 11 weight percent based on the total weight of the dotsize control fluid.
18. The ink-jet printing process according to claim 17, wherein said dotsize control fluid is applied in an amount between 0.1 and 10 gm2.
19. A printed ink-receiver prepared in accordance with the process of claim 1.