1. An ethylene 1-butene copolymer having
a) a molecular weight distribution (MwMn) of 1.5 or above and less than 3.5 (1.5\u2266MwMn<3.5);
b) 3 to 5 long chain branches per 1000 carbons along the copolymer main chain; and
c) a density of 0.863 to 0.865 gcc.
2. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the ethylene 1-butene copolymer is prepared by polymerizing ethylene and 1-butene in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a transition metal compound of the following Formula 1:
wherein R1 to R7 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen radical, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl or arylalkyl radical having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, a Group 14 metalloid radical substituted with hydrocarbyl, an alkoxy radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl radical and an amino radical, in which two or more thereof may be connected to each other by an alkylidene radical containing an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, CY1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic ring, in which CY1 is substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen radical, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the case where CY1 is substituted with the plural substituents, two or more substituents may be connected to each other to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring;
M is a Group 4 transition metal;
N is a nitrogen atom; and
Q1 and Q2 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, an alkyl amido radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl amido radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl or arylalkyl radical having 7 to 20 carbon atoms and alkylidene radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
3. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 2, wherein the transition metal compound represented by Formula 1 is a transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 2:
wherein R1 to R13 are the same as defined in R1 to R7 of Formula 1, and M, N, Q3 and Q4 are the same as defined in M, N, Q1 and Q2 of Formula 1.
4. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 3, wherein the transition metal compound represented by Formula 2 is a transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 3:
wherein R1 to R4, R6, M, N, Q3 and Q4 are the same as defined in Formula 2.
5. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 3, wherein the transition metal compound represented by Formula 2 is a transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 4:
wherein R1, R3, R4, M, N, Q3 and Q4 are the same as defined in Formula 2.
6. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 2, wherein the catalyst composition comprising the transition metal compound of Formula 1 further comprises one or more of cocatalyst compounds represented by the following Formulae 5 to 7.
\u2014Al(R16)-Oa\u2003\u2003Formula 5
wherein R16 is each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted with halogen, a is an integer of 2 or more;
D(R17)3\u2003\u2003Formula 6
wherein D is aluminum or boron;
R17 is each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted with halogen;
L-H+ZA4\u2212 or L+ZA4\u2212\u2003\u2003Formula 7
wherein L is cationic Lewis acid;
H is a hydrogen atom;
Z is an element of Group 13 selected from B, Al, Ga, In and Tl; and
A is each independently an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein at least one hydrogen atom in said aryl radical and alkyl radical is substituted with halogen, a hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy, or phenoxy radical.
7. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 2, wherein the ethylene 1-butene copolymer is prepared by contacting the catalyst composition comprising the transition metal compound of Formula 1, ethylene, and 1-butene by a continuous solution polymerization process.
8. (canceled)
9. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 7, wherein a molar ratio of ethylene to 1-butene is 100:1 to 1:100.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of forming a filled via with an optically transmissive material comprising:
drilling a via in a panel; and
filling the via with an optically transmissive material.
2. The method as in claim 1 wherein the optically transmissive material is curable and the method further comprises:
curing the optically transmissive material after filling the via.
3. The method as in claim 1 wherein the via is conically shaped.
4. The method as in claim 2 wherein the via includes a first end having a first diameter between 60 to 200 micrometers and a second end having a second diameter between 10 to 50 micrometers.
5. The method as in claim 1 wherein the via is drilled by a laser.
6. The method as in claim 5, further comprising:
cleaning the via using at least one of a CO2 snow jet, ultrasonic cleaning and high-pressure air.
7. The method as in claim 4 wherein the material is cured with a UV light.
8. A housing having a light transmissive panel formed using the method of claim 4.
9. A housing having a light transmissive panel wherein the light transmissive panel comprises:
an optically transmissive polymer captured by at least one via in the panel.
10. The housing as in claim 8 wherein a light source is positioned on one side of the via.
11. The housing as in claim 10 wherein the optically transmissive polymer is an UV curable acrylate polymer.
12. The housing as in claim 9 wherein the via includes a first diameter between 60 and 200 micrometers and a second diameter between 10 and 50 micrometers and the light source is positioned adjacent the first diameter.
13. A housing having a light transmissive section wherein the light transmissive section is formed by a method comprising:
drilling a via in the light transmissive section;
filling the via with a curable polymer; and
curing the polymer.
14. The housing as in claim 13 wherein the method further comprises:
cleaning the via before filling the via.
15. The housing as in claim 13 wherein the via is drilled using a laser.
16. The housing as in claim 13 wherein excess polymer is removed before curing the polymer.
17. The housing as in claim 14 wherein the polymer is cured with an ultraviolet light.