1. A porous anode, comprising:
a porous first ceramic material; and
an electronically conductive material disposed along the inner walls of at least one pore of the porous first ceramic material,
the electronically conductive material comprising a second ceramic material; the anode being produced by
adding a salt of the second ceramic material to the porous first ceramic material;
heating the resulting structure so as to give rise to the porous anode comprising the electronically conductive material being disposed along the inner walls of the pores of the porous ceramic first material, and
there being substantially no metal added to the anode.
2. The anode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first ceramic material is selected from the group consisting of YSZ, Gd- and Sm-doped ceria, Sc-doped ZrO2, doped LaGaMnO, and mixtures thereof.
3. The anode as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first ceramic material is YSZ.
4. The anode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second ceramic material is selected from the group consisting of ceria, Gd or Sm-doped ceria, LaCrO3, SrTiO3, Y-doped SrTiO3, Sr-doped LaCrO3, and mixtures thereof.
5. The anode as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second ceramic material is ceria.
6. The anode as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second ceramic material is LaCrO3.
7. The anode as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second ceramic material is Sr-doped LaCr03.
8. The porous anode according to claim 1, wherein the porous first ceramic material is sintered to an electrolyte.
9. The porous anode according to claim 1, wherein the porous first ceramic material is bonded to an electrolyte.
10. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising:
the anode of claim 1;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte disposed at least partially between the cathode and the anode.
11. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 10, wherein the cathode is comprised of material selected from the group consisting of Sr-doped LaMnO3, LaFeO3, LaCoO3, metals selected from Fe and Ag, and mixtures thereof.
12. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 10, wherein the electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of YSZ, Sc-doped ZrO2, Gd- and Sm-doped CeO2, LaGaMnO, and mixtures thereof.
13. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first ceramic material of the anode is selected from the group consisting of YSZ, Gd- and Sm-doped ceria, Sc-doped ZrO2, doped LaGaMnO, and mixtures thereof.
14. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 13, wherein the first ceramic material is YSZ.
15. The solid oxide fuel sell as claimed in claim 10, wherein no metal is used in making the anode.
16. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second ceramic material used in the anode is selected from the group consisting of ceria, doped ceria such as Gd or Sm-doped ceria, LaCrO3, SrTiO3, Y-doped, SrTiO3, Sr-doped LaCrO3, and mixtures thereof.
17. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 16, wherein the second ceramic material is ceria.
18. The solid oxide fuel cell as claimed in claim 17, wherein the
second ceramic material is Sr-doped LaCrO3.
19. A porous anode, comprising:
a porous first ceramic material; and
an electronically conductive material disposed along the inner walls of at least one pore of the porous first ceramic material,
the electronically conductive material comprising a second ceramic material;
the anode being produced by
adding a salt of the second ceramic material to the porous first ceramic material;
heating the resulting structure so as to give rise to the porous anode,
the porous anode comprising electronically conductive material disposed along the inner walls of the pores of the porous ceramic first material,
the anode containing less than about 5% weight metal, based on the total weight of the anode.
20. The porous anode according to claim 19, wherein the porous first ceramic material is sintered to an electrolyte.
21. The porous anode according to claim 19, wherein the porous first ceramic material is bonded to an electrolyte.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A sensor unit comprising a sensor for correcting detection signals using initial calibration parameters with a working voltage supplied thereto, and a housing fixing in position a circuit board on which the sensor is mounted, said sensor being configured to write the initial calibration parameters with a calibration voltage that is higher than the working voltage supplied to an input end of the sensor,
wherein the sensor unit further comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit for stabilizing a voltage value of a supply power source to said working voltage, and wiring for supplying said calibration voltage to the sensor, said voltage stabilizing circuit and said wiring being provided parallel to each other between the input end of the sensor and a power source connecting end for the sensor on the circuit board, and a switching portion which can disconnect the wiring, wherein an access hole is formed in the housing through which the switching portion is accessible to disconnect the wiring.
2. The sensor unit of claim 1 wherein said wiring comprises a lead wire and wherein said switching portion comprises a redundant portion of said wiring.
3. The sensor unit of claim 1 wherein said switching portion comprises a switch for opening and closing the wiring.
4. The sensor unit of claim 2 further comprising a fixing member configured to close the access hole, thereby keeping the switching portion in a disconnected position.
5. The sensor unit of claim 4 wherein said fixing member is an insulating and waterproof packing material.
6. The sensor unit of claim 5 wherein said packing material is made of at least one of silicon resin, urethane resin and epoxy resin.
7. The sensor unit of claim 5 wherein the sensor is mounted on one side of the circuit board, wherein the access hole faces the other side of the circuit board, wherein the switching portion is located in the access hole, and wherein the housing has a board support surface supporting the other side of the circuit board around the access hole.
8. The sensor unit of claim 1 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes a non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.
9. The sensor unit of claim 3 further comprising a fixing member configured to close the access hole, thereby keeping the switching portion in a disconnected position.
10. The sensor unit of claim 6 wherein the sensor is mounted on one side of the circuit board, wherein the access hole faces the other side of the circuit board, wherein the switching portion is located in the access hole, and wherein the housing has a board support surface supporting the other side of the circuit board around the access hole.
11. The sensor unit of claim 2 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes a non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.
12. The sensor unit of claim 3 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes a non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.
13. The sensor unit of claim 4 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes a non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.
14. The sensor unit of claim 5 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes a non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.
15. The sensor unit of claim 6 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes a non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.
16. The sensor unit of claim 7 wherein the housing supports a shaft and bearings, and wherein said sensor constitutes non-contact type rotary encoder in cooperation with an encoder that rotates together with the shaft.