1. A method for producing chlorobenzene, comprising:
obtaining a high shear device having at least one rotorstator set configured for producing a tip speed of at least 5 ms, wherein the high shear device comprises at least one rotor and at least on stator;
forming an emulsion of benzene and chlorine gas; wherein said benzene comprises a pressurized liquid solution, and said chlorine gas comprises bubbles in the emulsion with a mean diameter of less than about 5 \u03bcm;
introducing said emulsion into a reactor comprising a catalyst; and
reacting said emulsion at a temperature less than about 40\xb0 C. in said reactor, from which a product comprising chlorobenzene is removed.
2. The method of claim 1 said pressurized benzene solution is pressurized to least about 203 kPa.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said chlorine gas bubbles have an average diameter of less than about 1.5 \u03bcm.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said high shear device has a tip speed of at least about 5 ms.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said high shear device produces a localized pressure of about 1000 MPa at the tip.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein forming said emulsion comprises subjecting said oxidant gas bubbles and pressurized aqueous solution to a shear rate of greater than about 20,000 s\u22121.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein forming said emulsion comprises an energy expenditure of at least 1000 Wm3.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the emulsion comprises a micro-foam.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the catalyst comprises one chosen from the group consisting of Lewis acids, metallic chlorides, iodine, or combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising treating the product with hydrochloric acid.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising distilling the product at least once to remove the chlorobenzene.
12. A method for producing chlorobenzene, the method comprising:
forming an emulsion of chlorine gas bubbles in aqueous solution comprising benzene by introducing liquid benzene and chlorine gas into a high shear device and subjecting the mixture of liquid benzene and chlorine gas to a shear rate of at least 20,000 s\u22121.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the high shear device comprises at least one rotor and at least one stator.
14. A system for the production of chlorobenzene, the system comprising;
a pump positioned upstream of a dispersible chlorine gas inlet;
a high shear device which produces an emulsion of chlorine gas in an aqueous solution, the dispersion having an average bubble diameter of less than about 5 \u03bcm; and
a reactor maintained at a temperature of less than about 40\xb0 C. for the chlorination reaction of benzene to chlorobenzene; the reactor fluidly connected to the outlet of the high shear device.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein the high shear device is configured to produce an emulsion.
16. The system of claim 14 wherein the high shear device comprises a tip speed of at least about 5 msec.
17. The system of claim 14 wherein said high shear device produces a localized pressure of at least about 1000 MPa at the tip.
18. The system of claim 14 wherein said high shear device subjects said oxidant gas bubbles and pressurized aqueous solution to a shear rate of greater than about 20,000 s\u22121.
19. The system of claim 14 wherein said high shear device comprises an energy expenditure of at least 1000 Wm3.
20. The system of claim 14 wherein said high shear feed stream comprises a micro-foam.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A hand covering glove garment of elastic and flexible materials with attached elongating supportive ribs placed on the external side of the palm area.
2. Referring to claim 1 wherein said \u201celongating supportive ribs\u201d extend on one end from the lower base of the palm, more specifically the hamate and capitate bones; to the tip of the finger, more specifically the distal phalanges just over the dip joint point of the fingers. By fingers more specifically the index finger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger.
3. Referring to claim 1 and 2 wherein said \u201celongating supportive ribs\u201d made out each of flat aluminum filaments each individually placed inside a sewed stretchable knitted pockets.
4. A hand covering glove according to claim 1 wherein the glove being made of stretchable and flexible fabric such as nylon polyester based and other based synthetic knit fabric, more specific to be dry fit with Lycra jersey with hydrophilic polyester elastin.
5. A hand covering glove according to claim 1 wherein around the wrist there is a \u201cwrist attaching strap\u201d to adjust and secures in position the glove to the hand.
6. A hand covering glove according to claim 1 a breathable and suitable material for a garment which is easily fabricated and is suitable for use in varying environments
7. A hand covering glove according to claim 1 showing an improvement of fabrications of gloves which includes the method of combining materials such as using garment stretching materials and flat aluminum material for the ribs
8. A hand covering glove according to claim 1 in particular for the treatment of arthritis or degenerative ailments of joints, articulations and bones in the hand more specifically the fingers that could result in pain and or deformation of the hand and more specifically the fingers producing the inability of a proper use of the hands.
9. A hand covering glove according to claim 1 an ornamental design for a unique orthopedic hand glove for both right and left hand. The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as shown in the drawings. A glove, in particular for helping the hand avoid doing involuntary folding of fingers, griping resulting in the tightening of the hand into a fist position causing pain and discomfort.