What is claimed is:
1. A heat-curable thixotropic mixture containing carbamate andor allophanate groups, comprising
(A) at least one oligomer andor polymer selected from the group consisting of oligomers and polymers containing allophanate groups, carbamate groups, and carbamate and allophanate groups, and
(B) at least one thixotropic agent selected from the group consisting of urea derivatives preparable by reacting at least one amine andor water with at least one isocyanate in the presence of at least one amino acid.
2. The mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the urea derivatives (B) are preparable by reacting at least one monoamine with at least one polyisocyanate or by reacting at least one polyamine with at least one monoisocyanate.
3. The mixture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the amines are selected from the group consisting of acyclic aliphatic, aliphatic-aromatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic, and cycloaliphatic-aromatic, primary and secondary monoamines and polyamines.
4. The mixture as claimed in claim 3, wherein the amines are selected from the group of the monoamines.
5. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyisocyanates contain on average per molecule at least 1.8 isocyanate groups.
6. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, comprising at least one silica as thixotropic agent (C).
7. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, comprising at least one wetting agent (D).
8. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the oligomers and polymers (A) are selected from the group consisting of random, alternating and block, linear and branched and comb addition (co)polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and polyaddition resins and polycondensation resins.
9. The mixture as claimed in claim 8, wherein the addition (co)polymers (A) are selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylate copolymers and polyvinyl esters and the polyaddition resins and polycondensation resins are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, alkyds, polyurethanes, polylactones, polycarbonates, polyethers, epoxy resin-amine adducts, polyureas, polyamides and polyimides.
10. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 6 to 9, wherein the silicas (C) are selected from the group consisting of modified pyrogenic, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, transparent silicas.
11. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 7 to 10, wherein the wetting agents are selected from the group consisting of siloxanes, fluorine compounds, carboxylic half-esters, phosphates, polyacrylic acids and their copolymers, and polyurethanes.
12. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 1 to 11, comprising at least one crosslinking agent containing on average per molecule at least two reactive functional groups which are complementary to carbamate groups and allophanate groups.
13. The mixture as claimed in any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the oligomers and polymers (A) contain on average per molecule at least one reactive functional group which is complementary to carbamate groups and allophanate groups.
14. The mixture as claimed in claim 12 or 13, wherein the complementary reactive functional groups are selected from the group consisting of N-methylol groups and N-methylol ether groups.
15. A process for preparing a heat-curable thixotropic mixture containing carbamate andor allophanate groups as claimed in any of claims 1 to 14 by mixing of the constituents (A) and (B) and, where appropriate, (C), (D), at least one crosslinking agent andor at least one additive, which comprises preparing the thixotropic agent (B) by reacting at least one amine andor water with at least one polyisocyanate or by reacting at least one polyamine with at least one monoisocyanate in the presence of at least one amino resin.
16. The use of the heat-curable thixotropic mixture containing carbamate andor allophanate groups as claimed in any of claims 1 to 14 as a coating material, adhesive or sealing compound.
17. The use as claimed in claim 16, wherein the coating material is used as a clearcoat material.
18. The use as claimed in claim 16 or 17, wherein the coating material, adhesive or sealing compound is used in the fields of automotive OEM finishing, automotive refinish, the coating of buildings, inside and out, the coating of furniture, windows and doors, and industrial coating, including coil coating, container coating, the impregnation or coating of electrical components and the coating of white goods, including domestic appliances, boilers and radiators.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claims which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A water-soluble ionic cellulose ether from the group of hydroxyalkylcelluloses which is substituted by on average from 0.001 to 1.0 alkyl group per anhydroglucose unit and which carries from 0.01 to 0.1 sulfoalkyl group per anhydroglucose unit.
2. A cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average number of alkyl groups per anhydroglucose unit is from 0.001 to 0.2.
3. A cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1, of the formula
C6H7O2(OR1)(OR2)(OR3)m
where C6H7O2 is an anhydroglucose unit,
m is50-3000,
and R1, R2, R3 independently of one another are each a polyalkylene oxide chain of the formula
2
where XH, CnH2n1, CnH21O, CH2CH2SO3Y or CH2CHOHCH2SO3Y,
n4-20
and YH, Na or K,
and in which
p, q, and r independently of one another in R1, R2 and R3 can each independently assume values from 0 to 4, the sum of all (pqr) added over R1, R2 and R3 per anhydroglucose unit is on average greater than 1.3 and less than 4.5, the sequence of the oxyalkylene units in the polyalkylene oxide chain is arbitrary, and the average number of hydrophobically modified groups per anhydroglucose unit (DS HM) is from 0.001 to 0.2, and the average number of sulfoalkyl groups per anhydroglucose unit is from 0.01 to 0.1.
4. A cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average number of hydrophobically modified groups per anhydroglucose unit (DS HM) is from 0.01 to 0.04.
5. A cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average number of sulfoalkyl groups per anhydroglucose unit is from 0.01 to 0,09.
6. A cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sulfoalkyl groups are sulfoethyl groups.
7. A process for preparing a cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1 by etherifying cellulose with an etherifying agent from the group of alkylene oxides and etherifying with an alkyl halide or an alkyl glycidyl ether and a sulfonate, with base catalysis.
8. A process for preparing a cellulose ether as claimed in claim 1 by etherifying cellulose ethers from the group of hydroxyalkylcelluloses with an alkyl halide or an alkyl glycidyl ether and a sulfonate, with base catalysis,
9. An emulsion paint comprising one or more water-soluble ionic cellulose ethers from the group of hydroxyalkylcelluloses which are substituted by on average from 0.001 to 1.0 alkyl group per anhydroglucose unit and which carry from 0.01 to 0.4 sulfoalkyl group per anhydroglucose unit.
10. A method of using a water soluble ionic cellulose ether from the group of hydroxyalkylcelluloses which is substituted by on average from 0.001 to 1.0 alkyl group per anhydroglucose unit and which carries from 0.01 to 0.4 sulfoalkyl group per anhydroglucose unit in an emulsion paint.