1. A low power three-dimensional (3D) self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine, comprising:
3D unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals of isoprenaline, adenosine triphosphate, verapamil, and superoxide dismutase, in a L16(2)15 test protocol that includes four unitary groups, six binary groups, four ternary groups and one quaternary group at two levels of 0 and 1, and a L9(3)4 test protocol that includes nine quaternary groups at three levels of 1, 2 and 3,
the 3D unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals disposed on a substrate of graphite andor silicon,
wherein the 3D unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals have a length from 400 nm to 1000 nm, a width from 400 nm to 1000 nm, and a height from 0.3 nm to 95 nm, and
the low power three-dimensional (3D) self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine has an inelastic electron tunneling property, a conducting property having a range of 1-8 \u03bceV, and a photoluminescent property having a maximum photoluminescence intensity at 2000 absorbance units, a photoluminescence bandwidth covering 450-750 nm, and a central photoluminescence peak being located around 550 nm after subtraction of a background signal.
2. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1, wherein a 3D topographic structure of the unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals are imaged by conducting atomic force microscopy (C-AFM), the inelastic electron tunneling interaction, the conducting property, the low power property at 1-8 \u03bceV and the photoluminescent property are respectively shown by non-zero values in the 2nd derivatives of current-voltage (I-V) curves of C-AFM, C-AFM I-V curves, the fast Fourier transformation of C-AFM I-V curves and a time-resolved laser micro-photoluminescence (PL) spectrum.
3. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1 prepared by the unitary nanomedicine crystals having a molar ratio of (verapamil isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) selected from the group consisting of (i) 1:0:0:0; (ii) 0:1:0:0; (iii) 0:0:1:0; (iv) 0:0:0:1, and combinations thereof, in the L16(2)13 test protocol.
4. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1 prepared by the binary nanomedicine crystals having a molar ratio of (verapamil:isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) selected from the group consisting of (i) 1:1:0:0; (ii) 1:0:1:0; (iii) 1:0:0:1; (iv) 0:1:1:0; (v) 0:1:0:1; (vi) 0:0:1:1, and combinations thereof, in the L16(2)15 test protocol.
5. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1 prepared by the ternary nanomedicine crystals having a molar ratio of (verapamil:isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) selected from the group consisting of (i) 1:1:1:0; (ii) 1:0:1:1; (iii) 1:1:0:1; (iv) 0:1:1:1, and combinations thereof in the L16(2)15 test protocol.
6. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1 prepared by the quaternary nanomedicine crystals having a molar ratio of (verapamil:isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) selected from the group consisting of (i) 1:1:1:1; (ii) 1:2:2:2; (iii) 1:3:3:3; (iv) 2:1:2:3; (v) 2:2:3:1; (vi) 2:3:1:2; (vii) 3:1:3:2; (viii) 3:2:1:3; (ix) 3:3:2:1; and combinations thereof, in the L9(3)4 test protocol.
7. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1 prepared by a unitary, binary, ternary, or quaternary process comprising:
(a) preparing a solution of verapamil hydrochloride, a solution of isoprenaline hydrochloride, a physiological buffer solution of superoxide dismutase, and a physiological buffer solution of adenosine triphosphate;
(b) mixing a selected molar ratio of the solutions chosen according to the L16(2)15 test protocol and the L9(3)4 test protocol in a physiological buffer solution;
(c) dropping the mixture on the substrate to form a droplet of the mixture on the substrate; and
(d) cooling the mixture on the substrate to \u22124\xb0 C. for 12 hours, during which time the mixture undergoes a phase transition from a liquid state to a solid state, to form size-controlled self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine crystals on the substrate.
8. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1, wherein,
(a) the isoprenaline has a concentration range of about 15.1 pM to about 2.0 \u03bcM,
(b) the adenosine triphosphate has a concentration range of about 1.0 nM to about 2.5 M,
(c) the verapamil has a concentration range of about 2.0 nM to about 59.1 \u03bcM, and
(d) the superoxide dismutase has a concentration range of about 15.1 pM to about 151 pM.
9. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1, wherein the unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals have conducting photoluminescent properties, the unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals being bottom up self-assembled crystals on the substrate by a preparation process of using the inelastic electron tunneling that is demonstrated by conducting atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) current-voltage (I-V) curve measurements to show \xb17 pA electron tunneling current and a non-zero value in 2nd derivatives of I-V curves,
wherein crystallized structures of the unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals, the conducting property, the low power property, and the photoluminescent property are respectively demonstrated by C-AFM topographic structure images, C-AFM I-V curves, fast Fourier transformations of C-AFM I-V curves, and low temperature laser micro-photoluminescence (PL) spectra,
wherein the low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine comprises one or more of:
(a) the ternary crystals including a molecular crystal having a length of 400 nm, a width of 400 nm, and a height of 32 nm formed on the substrate by self-assembled units having a length of less than 10 nm;
(b) the unitary crystals including a dot-like unitary crystal cluster array having a length of 600 nm, a width of 550 nm, and a height of 2.1 nm formed on the substrate by self-assembled units having a length of 0.34 nm;
(c) the quaternary crystals including a tilted cross-bar-like crystal having a length of 1000 nm, a width of 1000 nm, and a height of 1.2 nm formed on the substrate by self-assembled units having a length of less than 10 nm;
(d) the unitary crystals including a non-symmetrical crystal having a length of 1000 nm, a width of 1000 nm, and a height of 95 nm formed on the substrate by self-assembled units having a length of 0.34 nm;
(e) the quaternary crystals including a regular network crystal having a length of 800 nm, a width of 800 nm, and a height of 1 nm formed on the substrate;
(f) the smallest crystal having a length of 4.5 nm, a width of 4.5 nm, and a height of 0.1 nm;
(g) the ternary crystals including a crystal having a length of 1000 nm, a width of 1000 nm, and a height of 50 nm; and
(h) a 3D crystal having a thickness from 2 angstroms to 2.5 nm, wherein the conducting property and the photoluminescence property are at the substrate.
10. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the inelastic electron tunneling is employed to make one or more unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary interactions of crystallized 3D low power conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine on the substrate, from droplets selected from the group consisting of:
(a) the isoprenaline;
(b) the adenosine triphosphate;
(c) the verapamil; and
(d) the superoxide dismutase;
according to the L16(2)15 test protocol and the L9(3)4 test protocol.
11. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the isoprenaline is on the substrate.
12. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the adenosine triphosphate is on the substrate.
13. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the verapamil is on the substrate.
14. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the superoxide dismutase is on the substrate.
15. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the unitary nanomedicine crystals having conducting and photoluminescent properties are self-assembled and selected from the group of molar ratios of (verapamil isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) consisting of (i) 1:0:0:0; (ii) 0:1:0:0; (iii) 0:0:1:0; and (iv) 0:0:0:1.
16. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the binary nanomedicine crystals having conducting and photoluminescent properties are self-assembled and selected from the group of molar ratios of (verapamil:isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) consisting of (i) 1:1:0:0; (ii) 1:0:1:0; (iii) 1:0:0:1; (iv) 0:1:1:0; (v) 0:1:0:1; and (vi) 0:0:1:1.
17. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the ternary nanomedicine crystals having conducting and photoluminescent properties are self-assembled and selected from the group of molar ratios of (verapamil:isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) consisting of (i) 1:1:1:0; (ii) 1:1:0:1; (iii) 1:0:1:1; and (iv) 0:1:1:1.
18. The low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 9, wherein the quaternary nanomedicine crystals having conducting and photoluminescent properties are self-assembled and selected from the group of molar ratios of (verapamil isoprenaline:superoxide dismutase:adenosine triphosphate) consisting of (i) 1:1:1:1; (ii) 1:2:2:2; (iii) 1:3:3:3; (iv) 2:1:2:3; (v) 2:2:3:1; (vi) 2:3:1:2; (vii) 3:1:3:2; (viii) 3:2:1:3; and (ix) 3:3:2:1.
19. A method of providing for self-assembly of the 3D unitary, binary, ternary, and quaternary nanomedicine crystals for making the low power 3D self-assembled conducting photoluminescent nanomedicine of claim 1, comprising:
(a) forming a droplet of a solution comprising one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of verapamil, isoprenaline, superoxide dismutase, and adenosine triphosphate, on the substrate;
(b) cooling the substrate to a temperature of about \u22124\xb0 C.; and
(c) allowing the droplet to cool for 12 hours such that the ingredients in the droplet undergo a phase transition and self-assemble to form a crystal.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the solution comprises a concentration of the verapamil being in a range from about 2 nM to about 59.1 \u03bcM, a concentration of the isoprenaline being in a range from about 15 pM to about 2 \u03bcM, a concentration of the adenosine triphosphate being in a range from about 1 nM to about 2.5 M, and a concentration of the superoxide dismutase being in a range from about 15.1 pM to about 151 pM.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A flexible flooring system comprising a plurality of planks, each plank comprising:
(a) a first top layer including a first plurality of strips that are secured together, each of the first plurality of the strips having a grain extending generally in a longitudinal direction of the plank; and
(b) a second bottom layer including a second plurality of strips, each strip having a grain extending generally transversely to the longitudinal direction of the plank,
wherein the second plurality of strip are spaced from one another by gaps having appropriate gap width,
wherein the plurality of strips of the first layer are not perpendicular to the strips of the second layer.
2. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the second bottom layer comprises at least one tongue on one side configured to mate with at least one groove on one side of another or adjacent plank; and wherein the second bottom layer comprises at least one groove at the other side configured to receive at least one tongue of one side of another or adjacent plank.
3. The flexible flooring system of claim 2, wherein the tongue or groove extends along the length of the side of the plank.
4. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the strips are bamboo or wood.
5. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having approximately equal gap width.
6. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having 1 mm gap width.
7. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having unequal gap width.
8. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of strips is rough cut.
9. The flexible flooring system of claim 2, wherein the tongue or groove are machined on the second bottom layer.
10. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, further comprising at least one coat of acrylic urethane, aluminum oxide color or other suitable finishes disposed on multiple surfaces thereof.
11. The flexible flooring system of claim 1, wherein the surfaces of the strips are pre-finished or unfinished.
12. A flexible flooring system comprising a plurality of planks, each plank comprising:
(a) a first top layer including a first plurality of strips that are secured together, each of the first plurality of the strips having a grain extending generally in a longitudinal direction of the plank; and
(b) a second bottom layer including a second plurality of strips, each strip having a grain extending generally transversely to the longitudinal direction of the plank, wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having appropriate gap width;
wherein the second bottom layer comprises at least one tongue on one side configured to mate with at least one groove on one side of another or adjacent plank; and wherein the second bottom layer comprises at least one groove at the other side configured to receive at least one tongue of one side of another or adjacent plank,
wherein the plurality of strips of the first layer are not perpendicular to the strips of the second layer.
13. The flexible flooring system of claim 12, wherein the tongue or groove extends along the length of the side of the plank.
14. The flexible flooring system of claim 12, wherein the tongue or groove are machined on the second bottom layer.
15. A flexible flooring plank comprising:
(a) a first top layer including a first plurality of strips that are secured together, each of the first plurality of the strips having a grain extending generally in a longitudinal direction of the plank; and
(b) a second bottom layer including a second plurality of strips, each strip having a grain extending generally transversely to the longitudinal direction of the plank,
wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having appropriate gap width,
wherein the plurality of strips of the first layer are not perpendicular to the strips of the second layer.
16. The flexible flooring plank of claim 15, wherein the second bottom layer comprises at least one tongue on one side configured to mate with at least one groove on one side of another or adjacent plank; and wherein the second bottom layer comprises at least one groove at the other side configured to receive at least one tongue of one side of another or adjacent plank.
17. The flexible flooring plank of claim 16, wherein the tongue or groove extends along the length of the side of the plank.
18. The flexible flooring plank of claim 15, wherein the strips are bamboo or wood.
19. The flexible flooring plank of claim 15, wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having approximately equal gap width.
20. The flexible flooring plank of claim 15, wherein the second plurality of strips are spaced from one another by gaps having 1 mm gap width or unequal gap width.