1. Underwater drilling arrangement for making a bore in a bed of a water body, with
a service platform which can be lowered for placing on the bed of the water body,
a drill drive which is mounted so that it can be axially displaced on the service platform, and
a drill rod with drill head which can be rotatably driven via the drill drive, wherein
a conveying channel is formed in the drill rod, through which a conveying fluid can be conveyed upwards together with excavated drill cuttings, and
a discharge opening for the conveying fluid together with the excavated drill cuttings is provided, via which the conveying fluid can be discharged underwater together with the excavated drill cuttings above the drill drive.
2. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 1, wherein
the drill rod is guided through the drill drive.
3. Underwater drill arrangement according to claim 1,
wherein
an ejection line for ejecting the conveying fluid together with the drill cuttings is arranged above the drill drive.
4. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 3,
wherein
the ejection line is telescopically designed.
5. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 3,
wherein
the ejection line has an elbow which deflects the conveying fluid with the excavated drill cuttings for ejection at a position offset relative to the drill rod into a lateral direction.
6. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 3,
wherein
the ejection line is rotationally mounted relative to the drill rod andor the drill drive andor the service platform.
7. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 1,
wherein
a non-return valve is arranged in the region of the discharge opening.
8. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 1,
wherein
in order to generate an upwardly orientated flow in the conveying channel along the drill rod a feed channel for a compressed gas is provided, from which the compressed gas can be fed to the conveying channel.
9. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 8,
wherein
a feed line is provided which connects the feed channel to a conveying unit on the water surface of the lake, sea or river, in particular a compressor.
10. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 1,
wherein
in order to generate an upwardly orientated flow in the conveying channel, a pump, in particular a suction pump andor a jet pump, is provided.
11. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 1,
wherein
the drill rod is formed as a double pipe, in which the conveying channel and a feed channel for the conveying fluid andor a compressed gas are formed.
12. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 11,
wherein
the drill head comprises a suction chamber which is fluidically connected to the conveying channel and the feed channel.
13. Underwater drilling arrangement according to claim 11,
wherein
the feed channel comprises a lower outlet opening which opens radially outwardly into the suction chamber and produces a radially outwardly orientated flow there and
the suction chamber comprises deflection means which generate a deflection of the radially outwardly orientated flow into a radially inwardly orientated flow which carries along excavated drill cuttings in the direction of the conveying channel.
14. Method for making a bore in the bed of a water body with an underwater drilling arrangement, in particular according to claim 1, wherein
a service platform of the underwater drilling arrangement is lowered onto the bed of a water body and placed with bottom standing elements on said bed of a water body, and
a drill rod with drill head is driven in rotation via a drill drive which is mounted on the service platform,
wherein
excavated drill cuttings together with a conveying fluid are upwardly conveyed through a conveying channel in the drill rod and discharged underwater via a discharge opening above the drill drive.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An optical system comprising:
two lenses wherein a focal length of each of the two lenses is adjustable to alter a focal length of the system, so that the system is substantially achromatic over a range of values of focal length of the system, wherein the two lenses include a diffractive lens and a refractive lens; and
at least one device for adjusting the focal length of each of the two lenses.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the diffractive lens comprises a Fresnel zone plate having portions that form a pattern and a liquid crystal material, and the at least one device alters a refractive index of the liquid crystal material and electrically modifies subzones of the Fresnel zone plate and re-establishes phase wrapping points of the Fresnel zone plate in order to adjust the focal length of the diffractive lens.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the at least one device comprises a power supply and an electrode adjacent to the liquid crystal material, so that when voltages are applied by the power supply to the pattern to shunt some of the portions of the Fresnel zone plate, the focal length of the diffractive lens is altered.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the refractive lens includes a fluidic lens, the at least one device comprising means for controlling an amount of fluid in the fluidic lens to alter its focal length.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the fluid in the fluidic lens has an Abbe number in a range from about 5 to 20.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the fluid in the fluidic lens includes methanol.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the fluid in the fluidic lens and the focal length of the fluidic lens are such that the fluidic lens compensates for the primary chromatic aberration of the diffractive lens.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is substantially achromatic for red and blue light over a range of focal lengths in excess of 10 mm.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the system is substantially achromatic for red and blue light over a range of focal lengths of the system from about 40 to about 200 mm.
10. A method for making an optical system comprising:
providing a diffractive lens which comprises a Fresnel zone plate having portions that form a pattern, a liquid crystal material and an electrode adjacent to the liquid crystal material;
applying voltages to the electrode and the portions of the Fresnel zone plate to select a focal length of the diffractive lens;
selecting a fluid with an Abbe number;
adjusting amount of said fluid in a fluidic lens to select a radius of curvature of the fluidic lens, wherein when the fluidic lens is placed adjacent to the diffractive lens, the fluidic lens compensates for the primary chromatic aberration of the diffractive lens over a range of focal lengths of the optical system in excess of 10 mm.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the system is substantially achromatic for red and blue light over a range of focal lengths of the system from about 40 to about 200 mm.