1. (canceled)
2. The hammer of claim 7 wherein the handle is integrally formed with the head.
3. The hammer of claim 7 wherein a bottom portion of the handle has an \u201cI\u201d-shape and the \u201cI\u201d-shaped portion is covered by the grip.
4. (canceled)
5. The hammer of claim 7 wherein the head further includes a nail groove defined in a top of the head and extending from adjacent the front end of the hammering portion to the front end of the claw portion.
6. The hammer of claim 5 further including a magnet affixed in the head and the groove.
7. A hammer comprising:
a head including a hammering portion and an oppositely arranged claw portion, the claw portion being at least 2 inches wide curving downwardly and away from the top side of the head toward the handle and including a back end with at least four flat ended teeth separated by at least three, substantially equal \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves centered on a longitudinal axis of the head with inner edges of each of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves being tapered along-opposite sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove from adjacent a front of each of the at least four teeth toward a sharp notch formed at a junction of the sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove and from a top side of each of the at least four teeth inwardly toward a bottom side of each of the at least four teeth, each of the at least four teeth tapering to a smaller thickness adjacent its respective flat end, an outer two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other and an inner at least two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other with the outer two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths that are wider than the at least inner two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths and all of the at least four teeth being substantially equal in length;
a handle attached to the head and extending perpendicularly down from a bottom of the head; and
a grip affixed to and surrounding a bottom portion of the handle from above a middle of the handle to below and surrounding a bottom end of the handle, and including a downwardly and outwardly tapering upper portion to a middle portion from which the grip continues tapering downwardly and inwardly toward the bottom end of the handle with an outwardly tapering bottom portion and a substantially flat end, the grip further including a cap portion attached to a top end of the upper portion and the cap portion including a bottom portion of the cap portion extending upwardly away from and substantially parallel to the upper portion of the grip and a top portion of the cap portion extending diagonally inwardly from the bottom toward and affixed to the handle.
8. A hammer comprising:
a head including a hammering portion and an oppositely arranged claw portion, the claw portion being at least 2 inches wide curving downwardly and away from the top side of the head toward the handle and including a back end with at least four flat ended teeth separated by at least three, substantially equal \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves centered on a longitudinal axis of the head with inner edges of each of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves being tapered along-opposite sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove from adjacent a front of each of the at least four teeth toward a sharp notch formed at a junction of the sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove and from a top side of each of the at least four teeth inwardly toward a bottom side of each of the at least four teeth, each of the at least four teeth tapering to a smaller thickness adjacent its respective flat end, an outer two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other and an inner at least two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other with the outer two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths that are wider than the at least inner two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths and all of the at least four teeth being substantially equal in length;
a handle attached to the head and extending perpendicularly down from a bottom of the head; and
a grip affixed to and surrounding a bottom portion of the handle from above a middle of the handle to below and surrounding a bottom end of the handle, and including a downwardly and outwardly tapering upper portion connected to a middle portion having four raised ribs on opposite front and back sides of the grip, the middle portion being connected to an end portion with an outwardly tapering bottom portion and a rounded end, the grip further including a cap portion attached to a top end of the upper portion and the cap portion including a bottom portion of the cap portion extending upwardly away from and substantially parallel to the upper portion of the grip and a top portion of the cap portion extending diagonally inwardly from the bottom toward and affixed to the handle.
9. A hammer comprising:
a head including a hammering portion and an oppositely arranged claw portion, the claw portion being at least 2 inches wide and including a back end with at least four flat ended teeth separated by at least three, substantially equal \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves centered on a longitudinal axis of the head with inner edges of each of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves being tapered along-opposite sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove from adjacent a front of each of the at least four teeth toward a sharp notch formed at a junction of the sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove and from a top side of each of the at least four teeth inwardly toward a bottom side of each of the at least four teeth, each of the at least four teeth tapering to a smaller thickness adjacent its respective flat end, an outer two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other and an inner at least two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other with the outer two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths that are wider than the at least inner two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths and all of the at least four teeth being substantially equal in length;
a handle formed contiguously with the head and extending perpendicularly down from a bottom of the head; and
a grip affixed to and surrounding a bottom portion of the handle from above a middle of the handle to below and surrounding a bottom end of the handle, the grip including a downwardly and outwardly tapering upper portion connected to a middle portion having four raised ribs on opposite front and back sides of the grip, the middle portion being connected to an end portion with an outwardly tapering bottom portion and a rounded end, the grip further including a cap portion attached to a top end of the upper portion and the cap portion including a bottom portion of the cap portion extending upwardly away from and substantially parallel to the upper portion of the grip and a top portion of the cap portion extending diagonally inwardly from the bottom toward and affixing to the handle.
10. The hammer of claim 9 wherein the claw portion curves downwardly and away from the top side of the head toward the handle.
11. The hammer of claim 10 wherein the head further includes a nail groove defined in a top of the head and extending from adjacent the front end of the hammering portion to the front end of the claw portion.
12. The hammer of claim 11 further including a magnet affixed in the head and the groove.
13. The hammer of claim 9 wherein a bottom portion of the handle has an \u201cI\u201d-shape.
14. The hammer of claim 13 wherein the \u201cI\u201d-shaped portion of the handle is covered by the grip.
15. The hammer of claim 9 wherein four grooves are formed between and below the four raised ribs on the front and back of the grip.
16. A hammer comprising:
a head including a hammering portion and an oppositely arranged claw portion, the claw portion being at least 2 inches wide and including a back end with at least four flat ended teeth separated by at least three, substantially equal \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves centered on a longitudinal axis of the head with inner edges of each of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves being tapered along opposite sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove from adjacent a front of each of the at least four teeth toward a sharp notch formed at a junction of the sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove and from a top side of each of the at least four teeth inwardly toward a bottom side of each of the at least four teeth, each of the at least four teeth tapering to a smaller thickness adjacent its respective flat end, an outer two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other and an inner at least two of the at least four teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other with the outer two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths that are wider than the at least inner two of the at least four teeth having substantially equal terminal widths and all of the at least four teeth being substantially equal in length;
a handle formed contiguously with the head and extending perpendicularly down from a bottom of the head; and
a grip affixed to and surrounding a bottom portion of the handle from above a middle of the handle to below and surrounding a bottom end of the handle, the grip including a downwardly and outwardly tapering upper portion to a middle portion from which the grip continues tapering downwardly and inwardly toward the bottom end of the handle with an outwardly tapering bottom portion and a substantially flat end, the grip further including a cap portion attached to a top end of the upper portion and the cap portion including a bottom portion of the cap portion extending upwardly away from and substantially parallel to the upper portion of the grip and a top portion of the cap portion extending diagonally inwardly from the bottom toward and affixing to the handle.
17. The hammer of claim 16 wherein a bottom portion of the handle has an \u201cI\u201d-shape.
18. The hammer of claim 17 wherein the \u201cI\u201d-shaped portion of the handle is covered by the grip.
19. The hammer of claim 18 wherein the head further includes a nail groove defined in a top of the head and extending from adjacent the front end of the hammering portion to the front end of the claw portion.
20. The hammer of claim 19 further including a magnet affixed in the head and the groove.
21. A hammer comprising:
a head including a hammering portion and an oppositely arranged claw portion, the claw portion being at least 1.5 inches wide and including a back end with at least three flat ended teeth separated by at least two, substantially equal \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves centered on a longitudinal axis of the head with inner edges of each of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped grooves being tapered along opposite-sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove from adjacent a front of each of the at least three teeth toward a sharp notch formed at a junction of the sides of the \u201cV\u201d-shaped groove and from a top side of each of the at least three teeth inwardly toward a bottom side of each of the at least three teeth, each of the at least three teeth tapering to a smaller thickness adjacent its respective flat end, an outer two of the at least three teeth being substantially equally shaped to each other and an inner of the at least three teeth having a terminal width being substantially wider than the outer two of the at least three teeth and all of the at least three teeth being substantially equal in length;
a handle formed contiguously with the head and extending perpendicularly down from a bottom of the head; and
a grip affixed to and surrounding a bottom portion of the handle from above a middle of the handle to below and surrounding a bottom end of the handle, the grip including a downwardly and outwardly tapering upper portion connected to a middle portion having four raised ribs on opposite front and back sides of the grip, the middle portion being connected to an end portion with an outwardly tapering bottom portion and a rounded end, the grip further including a cap portion attached to a top end of the upper portion and the cap portion including a bottom portion of the cap portion extending upwardly away from and substantially parallel to the upper portion of the grip and a top portion of the cap portion extending diagonally inwardly from the bottom toward and affixing to the handle.
22. The hammer of claim 21 wherein the claw portion curves downwardly and away from the top side of the head toward the handle.
23. The hammer of claim 22 wherein the head further includes a nail groove defined in a top of the head and extending from adjacent the front end of the hammering portion to the front end of the claw portion.
24. The hammer of claim 23 further including a magnet affixed in the head and the groove.
25. The hammer of claim 21 wherein a bottom portion of the handle has an \u201cI\u201d-shape.
26. The hammer of claim 25 wherein the \u201cI\u201d-shaped portion of the handle is covered by the grip.
27. The hammer of claim 21 wherein four grooves are formed between and below the four raised ribs on the front and back of the grip.
28. The hammer of claim 8 wherein the head further includes a nail groove defined in a top of the head and extending from adjacent the front end of the hammering portion to the front end of the claw portion.
29. The hammer of claim 31 further including a magnet affixed in the head and the groove.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system for interoperability between a first network communicating according to a first protocol and a second network communicating according to a second protocol, the system comprising:
a Home Location Register (HLR) Proxy for intercepting SRI_For_SM requests sent from a SMSC in a first network intended for a HLR in a second network and returning to the SMSC a response having address information;
a Message Switching Center (MSC) Proxy associated with the address information returned to the SMSC and configured for receiving a message from the SMSC;
an adapter configured to normalize a first communication received from the first network into a network-independent format;
a bridge comprising:
an application layer comprising logic for determining a second communication valid for the second network; and
a component layer having services with associated functionality and accessible to the application layer,
wherein the application bridge is configured to inspect the normalized first communication and to generate a second communication for the second network using one or more components based on the normalized first communication; and
one or more messaging emulators for sending the second communication to the second network
2. The system of claim 1, wherein one or more of the one or more messaging emulators comprises an IP messaging emulator configured to generate the second communication for an IP network, wherein the IP messaging emulator is configured to send the second communication to a user in the second network based on address information returned by the HLR proxy.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the IP messaging emulator is configured to receive an IP message from the address in the IP network, wherein the-adapter is configured to normalize the IP message into a network-independent format and the application bridge is configured to inspect the normalized IP message and generate a third communication for the first network using one or more components based on the normalized IP message and send the third communication to the first network.
4. The system of claim 3, comprising:
an SMSC emulator configured to send a request to a HLR in the first network, receive a response from the HLR in the first network, and forward the third communication to a current Message Switching Center (MSC) in the first network.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the bridge comprises an application bridge.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the bridge comprises a network bridge.
7. A method for providing interoperability between networks, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving a request for address information, by a Home Location Register (HLR) Proxy, from a first network which communicates according to a first protocol;
responding to the request with address information for a Message Switching Center (MSC) Proxy;
receiving a first communication from the first network, by the MSC Proxy;
normalizing the first communication;
routing the normalized first communication to an application server comprising
an application layer having application logic for generating an appropriate second communication, and
a component layer having services with selected functionality and accessible to the application layer,
wherein the application server is configured to generate the second communication for a second network which communicates according to a second protocol based on the normalized first communication;
receiving the second communication from the application server
sending the second communication to an emulator; and;
routing the second communication to the second network which communicates according to a second protocol.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of receiving a message from a first network comprises the step of
receiving an SMS message, and wherein sending the second communication to an emulator comprises the steps of
mapping the identities of the user in the first network and the user in the second network from MSISDNs to Internet Protocol (IP) identities; and
sending an IP message to the IP messaging emulator.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of:
registering with an IP domain on behalf of one or more users of the IP domain, wherein messages sent by the one or more users of the IP domain are received by an IP messaging emulator.
10. The method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of:
receiving presence update information about one or more users from an IP domain, and
registering with the IP domain on behalf of one or more users based on the presence update information received from the IP domain.
11. A method for providing interoperability between a SMS network and an IP network, comprising the steps of:
registering with an IP domain for a first user not registered with the IP domain;
receiving an IP message from the IP domain from a second user registered with the IP domain;
normalizing the IP message;
routing the normalized IP communication to an application server comprising:
an application layer having application logic for generating an appropriate second communication, and
a component layer having services with selected functionality and accessible to the application layer,
generating a second communication for a second network which communicates according to a second protocol based on the normalized first communication;
sending the second communication to an emulator; and
routing the second communication to the second network which communicates according to a second protocol.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of registering with an IP domain comprises the steps of:
sending a request for network presence information from an IP messaging emulator;
receiving the presence information by the IP messaging emulator; and
sending a request to register, by the IP messaging emulator, to the IP domain.
13. A machine-readable medium having stored thereon a set of instructions operable for causing the computer to execute the following:
intercept a request for address information from a first user in a first network;
respond to the request with address information for a proxy;
receive a first communication from the first user in the first network which communicates according to a first communication protocol;
normalize the first communication;
select a channel of communication;
generate a second communication for a second user in a second network that communicates according to a second communication protocol based on the normalized first communication;
select an identity of the first and second users based on the second network; and
send the second communication to the second network.
14. The instructions of claim 13, further comprising:
register with an IP domain for one or more users of a network.
15. The instructions of claim 13, further comprising:
generate an IM identity for a non-user of an IM domain.