1. A tire-rim assembly, characterized in that a great number of substantially sphere-shaped particles each consisting of a continuous phase of a resin and a closed cell(s) and having a mean bulk specific gravity of not more than 0.1 are disposed in an interior defined by assembling a hollow doughnut-shaped tire onto an approved rim, and a pressure at 25 C. in the interior of the tire is not less than 150 kPa as an absolute pressure.
2. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, wherein the pressure at 25 C. in the interior of the tire is not less than 150 kPa but not more than 900 kPa as an absolute pressure.
3. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the great number of the particles are arranged so that a volume filling ratio defined by the following equation:
Volume filling ratio(VsVt)100
(wherein Vs is a total volume of all particles arranged in the interior of the assembly and including a space volume around the particle under an atmospheric pressure, and Vt is an inner volume of the tire) is not less than 75% but not more than 150%.
4. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 3, wherein the volume filling ratio is not less than 75% but not more than 130%.
5. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 4, wherein the volume filling ratio is not less than 75% but not more than 110%.
6. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 5, wherein the volume filling ratio is not less than 80% but not more than 100%.
7. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1 or 3, wherein when the tire-rim assembly is mounted onto a vehicle, a volume filling amount of the particles in the assembly is within a range from the following lower limit to the following upper limit as a total volume including a space volume around the particle under an atmospheric pressure:
Upper limit of volume filling amount: an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load applied to each shaft of the vehicle when the assembly inflated under a pressure adjusted to an internal pressure designated by such a vehicle is mounted onto the vehicle;
Lower limit of volume filling amount: an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 2.0 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle when the assembly having an internal pressure set to an atmospheric pressure is mounted onto the vehicle.
8. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 7, wherein the upper limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to at least 1.2 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle.
9. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 7, wherein the lower limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 2.0 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle when the assembly inflated under a pressure adjusted to at least 10% of an internal pressure designated by such a vehicle is mounted onto the vehicle.
10. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 8, wherein the upper limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 1.5 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle.
11. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 8, wherein the upper limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 2.0 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle.
12. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 9, wherein the lower limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 2.0 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle when the assembly inflated under a pressure adjusted to at least 30% of an internal pressure designated by such a vehicle is mounted onto the vehicle.
13. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 9, wherein the lower limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 2.0 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle when the assembly inflated under a pressure adjusted to at least 40% of an internal pressure designated by such a vehicle is mounted onto the vehicle.
14. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 9, wherein the lower limit of the volume filling amount is an inner volume of the tire-rim assembly under a load corresponding to 2.0 times the load applied to each shaft of the vehicle when the assembly inflated under a pressure adjusted to at least 50% of an internal pressure designated by such a vehicle is mounted onto the vehicle.
15. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3 or 7, wherein a content of particles having a specific gravity of not less than 0.79 among the great number of the particles disposed in the interior of the assembly is not more than 40 mass %.
16. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 15, wherein the content of the particles having the specific gravity of not less than 0.79 is not more than 30 mass %.
17. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 16, wherein the content of the particles having the specific gravity of not less than 0.79 is not more than 20 mass %.
18. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 17, wherein the content of the particles having the specific gravity of not less than 0.79 is not more than 5 mass %.
19. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3 or 7, wherein the continuous phase of the particle is made of at least one of a polyvinyl alcohol resin, an acrylonitrile based polymer, an acrylic polymer and a vinylidene chloride based polymer.
20. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 19, wherein the continuous phase of the particle is made of an acrylonitrile based polymer, and the acrylonitrile based polymer is at least one selected from acrylonitrile polymer, acrylonitrilemethacrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrilemethyl methacrylate copolymer and acrylonitrilemethacrylonitrilemethyl methacrylate terpolymer.
21. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 19, wherein the continuous phase of the particle is made of an acrylic polymer, and the acrylic polymer is at least one selected from methyl methacrylate resin, methyl methacrylateacrylonitrile copolymer, methyl methacrylatemethacrylonitrile copolymer and methyl methacrylateacrylonitrilemethacrylonitrile terpolymer.
22. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 19, wherein the continuous phase of the particle is made of a vinylidene chloride based polymer, and the vinylidene chloride based polymer is at least one selected from vinylidene chlorideacrylonitrile copolymer, vinylidene chloridemethyl methacrylate copolymer, vinylidene chloridemethacrylonitrile copolymer, vinylidene chlorideacrylonitrilemetacrylonitrile copolymer, vinylidene chlorideacrylonitrilemethyl methacrylate copolymer, vinylidene chloridemethacrylonitrilemethyl methacrylate copolymer and vinylidene chlorideacrylonitrilemethacrylonitrilemethyl methacrylate copolymer.
23. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3, 7 or 19, wherein the closed cell of the particle has at least one gas selected from nitrogen, air, straight and branched aliphatic hydrocarbons having a carbon number of 2 to 8 and fluorides thereof, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having a carbon number of 2 to 8 and a fluoride thereof, and an ether compound represented by the following general formula (I):
(wherein each of R1 and R2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon residue having a carbon number of 1 to 5 and may be a saturated hydrocarbon or an unsaturated hydrocarbon and may have a straight or branched structure and contain a ring).
24. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3, 7, 19 or 23, wherein the continuous phase of the particle has a gas permeation constant at 30 C. of not more than 30010-2 (cccmcm2scmHg).
25. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 24, wherein the gas permeation constant at 30 C. is not more than 201012 (cccmcm2scmHg).
26. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 25, wherein the gas permeation constant at 30 C. is not more than 21012 (cccmcm2scmHg).
27. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3, 7, 19, 23 or 24, wherein the tire is provided on its inner face with an innerliner layer, and the innerliner layer is made of a thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising a nylon resin having a melting point of 170-230 C. and a halide of isobutyrene paramethylstyrene copolymer in which an elastomer component is dynamically cured at a gelation ratio of 50-95%.
28. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 27, wherein a gas permeation constant at 30 C. of the innerliner layer is not more than 201012 (cccmcm2scmHg).
29. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, wherein a sealant matrix material is further disposed in the interior of the assembly.
30. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3, 7, 19, 23, 24 or 28, wherein a liquid is further disposed in the interior of the assembly.
31. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 30, wherein the liquid is silicone oil or an aliphatic polyvalent alcohol.
32. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3, 7, 19, 24, 28 or 30, further comprising expansion particles capable of expanding volume by stimulation.
33. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 32, wherein the expansion particle comprises a foaming agent and a shell encapsulating a gas produced by expansion of the foaming agent at a closed state.
34. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 33, wherein the stimulation is at least one of heat, pressure and vibration.
35. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 33, wherein the foaming agent is at least one selected from straight and branched aliphatic hydrocarbons having a carbon number of 2 to 6 and fluorides thereof, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having a carbon number of 2 to 6 and a fluoride thereof, and an ether compound represented by the following general formula (I):
R1OR2(I)
(wherein each of R1 and R2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon residue having a carbon number of 1 to 5 and may be a saturated hydrocarbon or an unsaturated hydrocarbon and may have a straight or branched structure and contain a ring).
36. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 33, wherein the foaming agent is a pyrolitic foaming agent.
37. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 33, wherein the foaming agent is expanded above 100 C.
38. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 36, wherein the pyrolitic foaming agent is at least one selected from dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine, azodicarbon amide, paratoluene sulfonyl hydrazine and derivatives thereof, and oxybisbenzene sulfonyl hydrazine.
39. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 1, 3, 7, 19, 23, 24, 28, 30 or 32, wherein the great number of the particles disposed in the interior of the tire-rim assembly have closed cells held at a pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure.
40. A tire-rim assembly comprising a closed space defined by a tire and a rim and a compressed gas filled in the space and having means for detecting a change of a pressure in the gas and means for approaching an inner volume of the closed space changed by the pressure change to a volume before the change.
41. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 40, wherein the means for detecting a change of pressure is a pressure sensor.
42. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 40, wherein the means for approaching an inner volume of the closed space changed by the pressure change to a volume before the change is at least one of an expandable composition and a foamable composition disposed in the closed space.
43. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 42, wherein the foamable composition contains a foaming agent.
44. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 40, wherein the means for detecting a change of pressure has an alarm function for dropping a tire internal pressure based on a detection of a wheel speed through a wheel speed sensor in an antilock brake system andor an alarm function of dropping a tire internal pressure based on a direct measuring process of a tire internal pressure through a pressure sensor.
45. A tire-rim assembly according to claim 40, wherein a hollow doughnut-shaped tire is mounted onto an approved rim.
46. A method of adjusting a volume of a tire-rim assembly as claimed in claim 40, characterized in that an operation of means for approaching an inner volume of the closed space in the tire-rim assembly changed by a pressure change to a volume before the pressure change is started before the inner volume of the assembly reaches an inner volume of the assembly when the assembly setting an internal pressure to an atmospheric pressure is mounted onto a vehicle and subjected to a load corresponding to 2.0 times of a load applied to each shaft of the vehicle.
47. A method of applying an internal pressure to a tire-rim assembly formed by mounting a hollow doughnut-shaped tire onto an approved rim and provided with means for detecting a change of pressure of a gas in an interior defined by the tire and the rim, characterized in that a great number of substantially sphere-shaped particles each comprising a continuous phase made of a resin and a closed cell(s) held at a pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure are filled in the interior of the assembly to apply a given internal pressure to the assembly.
48. A method of applying an internal pressure according to claim 47, wherein the means for detecting a change of pressure is a pressure sensor.
49. An apparatus for applying an internal pressure to a tire-rim assembly formed by mounting a hollow doughnut-shaped tire onto an approved rim, comprising a storage means for storing substantially sphere-shaped particles each comprising a continuous phase made of a resin and a closed cell(s) held at a pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure, and a transportation means for transporting stored particles to an interior of the assembly.
50. An apparatus for applying an internal pressure according to claim 49, further comprising a vibration applying means.
51. An apparatus for applying an internal pressure according to claim 49, further comprising means for separating the particles from a gas.
52. An apparatus for applying an internal pressure according to claim 49, further comprising means for weighing the particles.
53. An apparatus for applying an internal pressure according to claim 49, further comprising means for adjusting a transporting speed of the particles.
54. A method of supplying a tire-rim assembly formed by disposing a great number of substantially sphere-shaped particles each comprising a continuous phase made of a resin and a closed cell(s) held at a pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure in an interior of a hollow doughnut-shaped tire and an approved rim assembly, characterized in that the interior of the assembly filled with the particles is adjusted to a given pressure at a step of transporting the assembly filled with the particles to a delivery side.
55. A method of providing a service after the supply of a tire-rim assembly for a driver possessing a vehicle mounted with tire-rim assemblies each having a great number of substantially sphere-shaped particles each comprised of a continuous phase of a resin and a closed cell(s) held at a pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure disposed in an interior of an assembly of a hollow doughnut-shaped tire and an approved rim, characterized in that an end equipment capable of conducting communications is arranged on the vehicle and means for detecting a change of pressure is arranged on the assembly, and when the detecting means detects an accident, a particular information from the detecting means is transmitted from the end equipment through a communication control section to an information control server having a data base section previously stored with a position information of service shops for selling and repairing the tire-rim assemblies, and the information control server picks up an information of service shops in an area positioning the vehicle from the data base section based on the received particular information and transmits the picked service shop information and an internal pressure abnormal alarm through the communication control section to the end equipment, and the internal pressure abnormal alarm and service shop information received in the end equipment are informed to the driver in the vehicle.
56. A method of providing a service according to claim 55, wherein the means for detecting a change of pressure has an alarm function for dropping a tire internal pressure based on a detection of a wheel speed through a wheel speed sensor in an antilock brake system andor an alarm function of dropping a tire internal pressure based on a direct measuring process of a tire internal pressure through a pressure sensor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A joint prosthesis, comprising:
a femoral component having first condylar articular surface, a second condylar articular surface, and an intercondylar recess interposed therebetween;
a tibial component having a bone engaging portion and defining a connection bore;
a meniscal component having a stem positioned within said connection bore of said tibial component so as to rotatably mount said meniscal component to said tibial component, and further having a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface spaced apart from each other so as to define a channel, said stem being fixed in relation to said first bearing surface and said second bearing surface; and
a stabilizing post slidably mounted within said channel of said meniscal component, said post projecting into said intercondylar recess when said first condylar articular surface and said second condylar articular surface are respectively positioned in contact with said first bearing surface and said second bearing surface.
2. The joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein said channel includes an open end, and further comprising:
a locking member configured to be mounted in said open end of said channel.
3. The joint prosthesis of claim 2, wherein said locking member provides a stop surface at said open end of said channel when said locking member is mounted in said open end of said channel.
4. The joint prosthesis of claim 2, wherein said locking member is configured to be press-fit within said channel.
5. (new) The joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein:
said channel defines a pair of grooves, each being located at a lateral side of said channel, and
said stabilizing post includes a base configured for sliding engagement within said pair of grooves.
6. The joint prosthesis of claim 5, wherein said base has a first length and said channel has a second length greater than said first length.
7. The joint prosthesis of claim 5, further comprising a locking component configured for locking engagement within said pair of grooves.
8. The joint prosthesis of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of locking components each configured for locking engagement within said pair of grooves, wherein each of said plurality of locking members possesses a different length.
9. The joint prosthesis of claim 1, further comprising a number of alternate stabilizing posts each configured to mount within said channel of said meniscal component, wherein each of said number of alternate stabilizing posts possesses a profile that is different from others of said number of alternate stabilizing posts.
10. The joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein:
said intercondylar recess includes surfaces at its opposite ends;
said stabilizing post includes a face opposing one of said opposite end surfaces; and
said face and said one of said opposite end surfaces are configured to provide a camming movement of said stabilizing post as said one of said opposite end surfaces moves in contact with said face.
11. The joint prosthesis of claim 10, wherein:
said stabilizing post includes an opposite face opposing the other of said opposite end surfaces; and
said opposite face and the other of said opposite end surfaces are configured to provide a camming movement of said stabilizing post as said other of said opposite end surfaces moves in contact with said opposite face.
12. The joint prosthesis of claim 11, wherein said face and said opposite face are differently curved.
13. A joint prosthesis, comprising:
a femoral component having a first bone engaging portion, an articular surface, and a recess formed in said articular surface;
a tibial component having a second bone engaging portion and defining a bore;
a meniscal component having (i) a stem positioned within said bore of said tibial component, and (ii) a bearing surface configured to contact said articular surface, said meniscal component defining a channel, and further said stem being fixed in relation to said bearing surface; and
a stabilizing post slidably mounted within said channel, said post projecting into said recess when said articular surface is positioned in contact with said bearing surface.
14. The joint prosthesis of claim 13, wherein said meniscal component is configured to rotate in relation to said tibial component.
15. The joint prosthesis of claim 13, wherein said meniscal component includes a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface spaced apart from each other so as to define said channel.
16. A joint prosthesis comprising:
a first joint component having a bone engaging portion, an articular surface, and a recess defined within said articular surface;
a mating component having a bone engaging portion and defining a bearing surface for sliding contact with said articular surface of said first joint component; and
a stabilizing post slidably mounted to said mating component amid said bearing surface, said post projecting from said mating component and into said recess when said articular surface is in contact with said bearing surface,
wherein said mating component includes (i) a second joint component including the bone engaging portion; and (ii) an intermediate component connected to said second joint component, said intermediate component including said bearing surface,
wherein said second joint component defines a bore; and
wherein said intermediate component includes a pin sized to be received within said bore, and
wherein said pin is fixed in relation to said bearing surface.
17. The joint prosthesis of claim 16, wherein said bore and said pin are configured to permit relative rotation therebetween when said pin is received within said bore.
18. The joint prosthesis of claim 16, wherein:
said mating component defines an elongated channel; and
said stabilizing post includes a base configured for sliding engagement within said channel and a spine projecting from said base through said channel and into said recess when said articular surface is in contact with said bearing surface.
19. The joint prosthesis of claim 18, wherein:
said channel is open at one end; and
said mating component includes a locking member configured to close said one end with said base of said stabilizing post disposed within said channel.
20. The joint prosthesis of claim 19, wherein said locking member is configured for a press-fit within said channel.
21. The joint prosthesis of claim 19, wherein:
said channel includes an enlarged groove at opposite sides of said channel;
said base is configured for sliding engagement within said grooves; and
said locking component is configured for locking engagement within said grooves.
22. The joint prosthesis of claim 19, wherein said locking member is selectable from a plurality of locking members having different lengths when disposed within said channel.
23. The joint prosthesis of claim 18, wherein:
said channel includes an enlarged groove at opposite sides of said channel; and
said base is configured for sliding engagement within said grooves with said spine projecting through said channel.
24. The joint prosthesis of claim 23, wherein said base has a length and said channel has a length greater than the length of said base.
25. The joint prosthesis of claim 16, wherein said stabilizing post is selectable from a plurality of stabilizing posts having different profiles.
26. The joint prosthesis of claim 16, wherein:
said recess includes surfaces at its opposite ends;
said stabilizing post includes a face opposing one of said opposite end surfaces; and
said face and said one of said opposite end surfaces are configured to provide a camming movement of said stabilizing post as said one of said opposite end surfaces moves in contact with said face.
27. The joint prosthesis of claim 26, wherein:
said stabilizing post includes an opposite face opposing the other of said opposite end surfaces; and
said opposite face and the other of said opposite end surfaces are configured to provide a camming movement of said stabilizing post as said other of said opposite end surfaces moves in contact with said opposite face.
28. The joint prosthesis of claim 27, wherein said face and said opposite face are differently curved.