1. A compound, comprising a tungsten bronze structure metal oxide, wherein: the tungsten bronze structure metal oxide contains at least metal elements of Ba, Bi, Ca, and Nb, the metal elements satisfying the following conditions in terms of molar ratio; and has a C-axis orientation:
BaNb=a: 0.363<a<0.399;
BiNb=b: 0.0110<b<0.0650; and
CaNb=c: 0.005<c<0.105.
2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten bronze structure metal oxide comprises (1\u2212x)\xb7Ca1.4Ba3.6Nb10O30\u2212x\xb7Ba4Bi0.67Nb10O30 (0.30\u2266x\u22660.95).
3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten bronze structure metal oxide has a Lotgering factor F, which indicates an orientation degree of a diffraction peak (001), of 0.30 or more and 1.00 or less in an X-ray diffraction method.
4. A piezoelectric material, comprising the compound according to claim 1.
5. A production method for a compound, comprising:
(A) providing a slurry in which powder of a tungsten bronze structure metal oxide obtained by forming a solid solution of at least metal elements of Ba, Bi, Ca, and Nb is dispersed;
(B) providing a molded body by placing the slurry on a base, orienting the slurry by subjecting the slurry to rotational magnetic field treatment, and then drying the slurry; and
(C) sintering the molded body.
6. A production method for a compound according to claim 5, wherein a surface of the base in the (B) providing a molded body has an undercoat layer formed of a tungsten bronze structure metal oxide obtained by forming a solid solution of at least metal elements of Ba, Bi, Ca, and Nb.
7. A production method for a compound according to claim 5, wherein a surface of the base in the (B) providing a molded body has an undercoat layer formed of a tungsten bronze structure metal oxide obtained by forming a solid solution of at least metal elements of Ba, Bi, Ca, Nb, and Mn.
8. A production method for a compound according to claim 6, wherein the undercoat layer is oriented.
9. A piezoelectric element, comprising the piezoelectric material according to claim 4 sandwiched between a pair of electrodes.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. (canceled)
2. A set screw for use with a block including a bore having one or more block threads disposed along a threaded block area of the bore and extending radially inwardly within the bore, the threaded block area including a threaded block length measured longitudinally along the bore, the set screw comprising:
a set screw body including a first screw end and a second screw end;
one or more set screw threads extending radially outwardly from the set screw body and disposed along a threaded set screw area of the set screw body, the threaded set screw area extending from the first screw end toward the second screw end and including a first length measured longitudinally along the set screw body; and
an abutment extending radially outwardly from the set screw body proximate the second screw end and longitudinally separated from the threaded set screw area by an unthreaded set screw area of the set screw body, the unthreaded set screw area including a second length measured longitudinally along the set screw body, wherein:
the one or more set screw threads are configured to threadably engage the one or more block threads, the first screw end being configured to fit within and pass through an opening of the bore in order to insert the set screw into the bore; and
the abutment of the set screw is sized and shaped to abut, but not threadably engage with, the one or more block threads to inhibit movement of the set screw outwardly past the threaded block area away from the opening of the bore to thereby inhibit removal of the set screw from the bore.
3. The set screw of claim 2, wherein the second length of the unthreaded set screw area is shorter than the threaded block length.
4. The set screw of claim 3, wherein the unthreaded set screw area is sized so that an entirety of the threaded block area can be disposed within the unthreaded set screw area between the threaded set screw area and the abutment, such that, with the threaded block area disposed within the unthreaded set screw area:
if turned in a first direction with respect to the block, the set screw is freely rotatable within the bore, but retained within the bore as the abutment of the set screw abuts the one or more block threads; and
if turned in a second direction, opposite the first direction, with respect to the block, the one or more set screw threads are threadably engageable with the one or more block threads to move the set screw in an inward direction toward the opening of the bore.
5. The set screw of claim 2, wherein the abutment is integrally formed with the set screw body.
6. The set screw of claim 2, wherein the set screw body includes a cylindrical shape.
7. The set screw of claim 2, wherein the set screw body is substantially tubular.
8. The set screw of claim 2, wherein the abutment is disposed proximate a distal end of the set screw body.
9. The set screw of claim 2, wherein the threaded set screw area is disposed at a proximal end of the set screw body.
10. The set screw of claim 2, comprising a tool engagement opening configured to accept at least a portion of a tool within the tool engagement opening to facilitate rotation of the set screw with respect to the block.
11. The set screw of claim 10, wherein the tool engagement opening is configured to allow engagement of at least the portion of the tool with the tool engagement opening from the first end of the set screw body and from the second end of the set screw body.
12. The set screw of claim 10, wherein the tool engagement opening extends entirely through the set screw body to allow engagement of at least the portion of the tool with the tool engagement opening from the first end of the set screw body and from the second end of the set screw body.
13. An apparatus for use with a block including a bore having one or more block threads disposed along a threaded block area of the bore and extending radially inwardly within the bore, the threaded block area including a threaded block length measured longitudinally along the bore, the apparatus comprising:
a body including a first end and a second end;
one or more threads extending radially outwardly from the body and disposed along a threaded area of the body, the threaded area extending from the first end toward the second end and including a first length measured longitudinally along the body; and
an abutment extending radially outwardly from the body proximate the second end and longitudinally separated from the threaded area by an unthreaded area of the body, the unthreaded area including a second length measured longitudinally along the body, wherein:
the one or more threads are configured to threadably engage the one or more block threads, the first end being configured to fit within and pass through an opening of the bore in order to insert the apparatus into the bore; and
the abutment of the apparatus is sized and shaped to abut, but not threadably engage with, the one or more block threads to inhibit movement of the apparatus outwardly past the threaded block area away from the opening of the bore to thereby inhibit removal of the apparatus from the bore.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the second length of the unthreaded area is shorter than the threaded block length, the unthreaded area sized so that an entirety of the threaded block area can be disposed within the unthreaded area between the threaded area and the abutment, such that, with the threaded block area disposed within the unthreaded area:
if turned in a first direction with respect to the block, the apparatus is freely rotatable within the bore, but retained within the bore as the abutment of the apparatus abuts the one or more block threads; and
if turned in a second direction, opposite the first direction, with respect to the block, the one or more threads are threadably engageable with the one or more block threads to move the apparatus in an inward direction toward the opening of the bore.
15. The apparatus of claim 13, comprising a tool engagement opening configured to accept at least a portion of a tool within the tool engagement opening to facilitate rotation of the apparatus with respect to the block.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the tool engagement opening is configured to allow engagement of at least the portion of the tool with the tool engagement opening from the first end of the body and from the second end of the body.
17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the tool engagement opening extends entirely through the body to allow engagement of at least the portion of the tool with the tool engagement opening from the first end of the body and from the second end of the body.
18. A set screw for use with a block including a bore having one or more block threads disposed along a threaded block area of the bore and extending radially inwardly within the bore, the threaded block area including a threaded block length measured longitudinally along the bore, the set screw comprising:
a set screw body including a first screw end and a second screw end;
one or more set screw threads extending radially outwardly from the set screw body and disposed along a threaded set screw area of the set screw body, the threaded set screw area extending from the first screw end toward the second screw end and including a first length measured longitudinally along the set screw body;
an abutment extending radially outwardly from the set screw body proximate the second screw end and longitudinally separated from the threaded set screw area by an unthreaded set screw area of the set screw body, the unthreaded set screw area including a second length measured longitudinally along the set screw body, the second length of the unthreaded set screw area being shorter than the threaded block length; and
a tool engagement opening within the set screw body, the tool engagement opening configured to accept at least a portion of a tool within the tool engagement opening, the tool engagement opening extending entirely through the set screw body to allow engagement of at least the portion of the tool with the tool engagement opening from the first end of the set screw body and from the second end of the set screw body, wherein:
the one or more set screw threads are configured to threadably engage the one or more block threads, the first screw end being configured to fit within and pass through an opening of the bore in order to insert the set screw into the bore; and
the abutment of the set screw is sized and shaped to abut, but not threadably engage with, the one or more block threads to inhibit movement of the set screw outwardly past the threaded block area away from the opening of the bore to thereby inhibit removal of the set screw from the bore.
19. The set screw of claim 18, wherein the unthreaded set screw area is sized so that an entirety of the threaded block area can be disposed within the unthreaded set screw area between the threaded set screw area and the abutment, such that, with the threaded block area disposed within the unthreaded set screw area:
if turned in a first direction with respect to the block, the set screw is freely rotatable within the bore, but retained within the bore as the abutment of the set screw abuts the one or more block threads; and
if turned in a second direction, opposite the first direction, with respect to the block, the one or more set screw threads are threadably engageable with the one or more block threads to move the set screw in an inward direction toward the opening of the bore.
20. The set screw of claim 18, wherein the set screw body is substantially tubular.
21. The set screw of claim 18, wherein the abutment is substantially annular.