1. A cell phone comprising:
a display screen, memory, and a user input device;
a first processor coupled to the display screen, memory, and a user input device, wherein the first processor executes instructions to allow a user to operate the cell phone to make calls; and
a second processor coupled to a shutter signal for taking pictures with a camera, wherein the second processor executes instructions to take a picture with the camera in response to the shutter signal.
2. The cell phone of claim 1, wherein the camera transfers the picture from an image library of the camera to the memory on the cell phone when the cell phone is activated.
3. The cell phone of claim 1, wherein the picture comprises video images.
4. An apparatus comprising:
a display screen, memory, and a user input device;
a first processor coupled to the display screen, memory, and user input device, wherein the first processor executes instructions to allow a user to operate a cell phone to make calls; and
a second processor coupled to a shutter signal for taking pictures with a camera, wherein the second processor executes instructions to take a picture with the camera in response to the shutter signal.
5. The apparatus phone of claim 4, wherein the camera transfers the picture from an image library of the camera to the memory on the cell phone when the cell phone is activated.
6. The apparatus phone of claim 4, wherein the picture comprises video images.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for modifying the surface of an object by covalently attaching molecules containing desired functional groups on the surface, the method comprising the steps of:
a) disposing said object in a vacuum chamber, with the surface to be treated exposed;
b) disposing one or more chemical compounds containing the desired functional groups in said vacuum chamber. Each chemical compound has a vapor pressure below 0.001 bar at 20\xb0 C. Some surface of each said chemical compound is exposed so that the surface molecules can evaporate into said vacuum chamber;
c) creating a vacuum in said vacuum chamber using one or more vacuum pumps;
d) creating a plasma in said vacuum chamber; said plasma contains ions generated from the vapor of said chemical compound(s); and
e) allowing the surface of said object to react with said plasma for some period of time.
2. A method for modifying the surface of an object to make it a non-fouling surface by covalently attaching ethylene glycol groups on the surface, the method comprising the steps of:
a) disposing said object in a vacuum chamber, with the surface to be treated exposed;
b) disposing one or more chemical compounds containing ethylene glycol groups in said vacuum chamber. Each chemical compound has a vapor pressure below 0.001 bar at 20\xb0 C. Some surface of each said chemical compound is exposed so that the surface molecules can evaporate into said vacuum chamber;
c) creating a vacuum in said vacuum chamber using one or more vacuum pumps;
d) creating a plasma in said vacuum chamber; said plasma contains ions generated from the vapor of said chemical compound(s); and
e) allowing the surface of said object to react with said plasma for some period of time.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said chemical compound is selected from one or a mixture of the following: Tri(ethylene glycol) monoethyl ether (CH3CH2(OCH2CH2)3OH) and Tri(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (CH3(OCH2CH2)3OH).
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said chemical compound is spread on the surfaces of a scaffold to increase the evaporation area.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said object is a medical device.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein said object is a medical device and the surface modification is used to prevent the formation of biofilm when the device is used in human or animal body.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said object is selected from the following: contact lenses, central venous catheters and needleless connectors, endotracheal tubes, intrauterine devices, mechanical heart valves, pacemakers, peritoneal dialysis catheters, prosthetic joints, tympanostomy tubes, urinary catheters, and voice prostheses.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said object is a device used in a laboratory for handling biological samples.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein said object is a device used for cell or tissue culture.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said object is selected from the following: Petri dishes, cell culture flasks, roller bottles, bio-reactors, multi-well plates, micro-plates, micro-slides and cover-slips.
11. The method of claim 2, wherein said object is a device used for embryoid body formation from stem cells and embryoid bodies culture.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein said object is selected from the following: electronic devices, portable electronic devices, cell phones, labtop computers, tablet computers, keyboards, protective films for electronic devices and protective covers for electronic devices.
13. The method of claim 2, wherein said object is selected from the following: electronic devices, portable electronic devices, cell phones, labtop computers, tablet computers, keyboards, protective films for electronic devices and protective covers for electronic devices.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein part of the surface of said object is intentionally covered to avoid modification.