1. A computer implemented method for cryptographic key creation, the method comprising the acts of:
accepting a cryptographic key component generated on a computer system by a plurality of parties thereby yielding a plurality of cryptographic key components;
verifying participation of the plurality of parties;
constructing, by a computer processor, a public key based on at least a portion of the plurality of cryptographic key components; and
generating, after a predetermined time, a secret key based on at least a portion of the plurality of cryptographic key components.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the act of generating a cryptographic key component further comprises an act of generating a public key component.
3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising an act of publishing the public key component wherein the published key component is accompanied by a digital signature.
4. (canceled)
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein publishing the public key component comprises posting the public key component and signature to a bulletin board.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the act of verifying participation of the plurality of parties further comprises an act of disqualifying any of the plurality of parties that did not publish the public key component.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the act of generating a cryptographic key component further comprises an act of generating a secret key component.
8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising an act of transforming the secret key component.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the secret key component is transformed into at least one value.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the act of transforming the secret key component further comprises calculating and communicating a secret share of the secret key component.
11. The method according to claim 8, further comprising an act of communicating the transformed secret key component to at least one of the plurality of parties wherein the act of communicating the transformed secret key component occurs through secret sharing.
12. (canceled)
13. The method according to claim 11, further comprising an act of digitally signing the transformed secret key component.
14. The method according to claim 8, further comprising an act of generating a commitment for each of the transformed secret key components.
15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising an act of communicating the commitment and a digital signature of the commitment.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the act of communicating further comprises an act of posting the commitment and the signature to a bulletin board.
17. The method according to claim 12, further comprising an act of verifying the transformed secret key component.
18. The method according to claim 11, further comprising an act of disqualifying any of the plurality of parties that communicates an invalid transformed secret key component.
19. (canceled)
20. The method according to claim 1, further comprising an act of publishing the public key by at least a portion of the plurality of parties.
21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising an act of verifying the public key.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the act of verifying a public key includes verifying a correspondence between the published cryptographic key and the transformed secret key components.
23. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the acts of:
establishing the predetermined time; and
further comprising an act of publishing a secret key component during the computation time period.
24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the predetermined time includes a time period for computation.
25. (canceled)
26. The method according to claim 23, further comprising an act of verifying the secret key component.
27. The method according to claim 26, further comprising an act of reconstructing a secret key component.
28. The method according to claim 23, wherein generating, at a predetermined time, a secret key based, at least in part, on at least a portion of a plurality of cryptographic key components, further comprises constructing the secret key from at least one published secret key component.
29. (canceled)
30. The method according to claim 28, further comprising an act of publishing the secret key and a signature on the secret key.
31. (canceled)
32. (canceled)
33. A computer-readable medium having computer-readable signals stored thereon that define instructions that, as a result of being executed by a computer, instruct the computer to perform a method for cryptographic encoding, the method comprising:
generating a cryptographic key component by a plurality of parties to yield a plurality of cryptographic key components;
verifying participation of the plurality of parties;
constructing a public key based on at least a portion of the plurality of cryptographic key components; and
generating, after a predetermined time, a secret key based on at least a portion of the plurality of cryptographic key components.
34-53. (canceled)
54. A system for cryptographic encoding, the system comprising:
a cryptographic key generation component adapted to create a cryptographic key component for the plurality of parties to yield a plurality of cryptographic key components;
a communication component for communicating between the plurality of parties;
a construction component adapted to construct a public key based on at least a portion of the plurality of cryptographic key components, wherein the construction component is further adapted to generate, after a predetermined time, a secret key, based on at least a portion of a plurality of cryptographic key components; and
a verification component adapted to verify proper participation of the plurality of parties.
55-73. (canceled)
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An amplifier circuit of a capacitor microphone, comprising:
a capacitor microphone generating a signal corresponding to a sound received by the capacitor microphone;
an operational amplifier comprising a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal;
an input capacitor connected to the second input terminal;
a first wiring connecting the first input terminal and the capacitor microphone;
a second wiring connecting the second input terminal and the input capacitor;
a feedback capacitor connected between the output terminal and the first input terminal;
a third wiring supplying a supply voltage; and
a coupling capacitor connected between the second wiring and the third wiring so as to be connected to the second input terminal,
wherein the operational amplifier is configured to amplify the signal generated by the capacitor microphone,
a noise in the power supply voltage is induced in the first wiring through parasitic capacitance coupling between the first wiring and the third wiring and enters the first input terminal,
the coupling capacitor is configured to cancel out the noise entering the first input terminal and the noise entering the second input terminal,
the third wiring is connected to the operational amplifier so that neither the first input terminal nor the second input terminal is connected to the third wiring.
2. The amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein the capacitor microphone is configured to operate with a time-division multiplexing mobile phone.
3. The amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein a capacitance of the coupling capacitor is equal to a capacitance of parasitic capacitance between the first wiring and the third wiring.
4. An amplifier circuit of a capacitor microphone, comprising:
a bias circuit generating a bias voltage;
a capacitor microphone comprising a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal receiving the bias voltage and the second terminal generating a signal corresponding to a sound received by the capacitor microphone;
an input capacitor connected to the bias circuit;
an operational amplifier comprising a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal being connected to the second terminal of the capacitor microphone and the second input terminal being connected to the input capacitor so as to receive the bias voltage through the input capacitor;
a feedback capacitor connected between the output terminal and the first input terminal of the operational amplifier;
a first wiring connecting the capacitor microphone and the first input terminal;
a second wiring connecting the input capacitor and the second input terminal; and
a coupling capacitor connecting the second wiring and a ground,
wherein the operational amplifier is configured to amplify the signal generated by the capacitor microphone,
a noise is superposed on the bias voltage,
the input capacitor is configured to cancel out the noise entering the first input terminal and the noise entering the second input terminal, and
a capacitance of the coupling capacitor is equal to a capacitance of parasitic capacitance between the first wiring and the ground.
5. The amplifier circuit of claim 4, wherein the bias circuit comprises a charge pump circuit.
6. The amplifier circuit of claim 4, wherein a capacitance of the input capacitor is equal to a capacitance of the capacitor microphone.