1-33. (canceled)
34. A method for manufacturing a tyre comprising:
disposing an uncured elastomeric material on a substantially rigid support, so as to form a green tyre;
inserting said green tyre disposed on said support into a vulcanization mold;
closing the vulcanization mold so as to define a molding cavity between an outer surface of said support and an inner surface of said vulcanization mold; and
molding and curing the green tyre, at least one portion of the green tyre being molded and cured at a substantially constant volume in at least one portion of said molding cavity;
wherein the step of disposing said uncured elastomeric material on the support comprises:
determining a first excess material volume curve of said elastomeric material with respect to an available volume in said at least one portion of the molding cavity versus a predetermined direction; and
controlling a volume distribution of said elastomeric material on said rigid support so as to substantially fit said first curve.
35. The method according to claim 34, wherein said step of controlling said volume distribution of elastomeric material on said support comprises:
determining a first positioning specification set for machinery associated with a deposition of said uncured elastomeric material on said support corresponding to said first excess material volume curve; and
moving said machinery according to said first positioning specification set.
36. The method according to claim 35, wherein said step of determining said first excess material volume curve comprises:
providing a target excess material volume curve;
providing at least a second positioning specification set for said machinery;
determining a second excess material volume curve corresponding to said second positioning specification set; and
comparing said second curve with said target curve, so as to determine volume distribution differences between said second curve and said target curve versus said predetermined direction.
37. The method according to claim 36, further comprising:
determining a first cross-section profile of at least one portion of green tyre from said second positioning specification set.
38. The method according to claim 37, further comprising:
modifying said first cross-section profile using said volume distribution differences between said second curve and said target curve, thereby determining a second cross-section profile of said at least one portion of green tyre.
39. The method according to claim 38, wherein said step of determining said first positioning specification set for said machinery comprises:
determining said first positioning specification set at least from said second cross-section profile.
40. The method according to claim 35, wherein said machinery comprises a robotized arm associated with said support.
41. The method according to claim 34, wherein said step of disposing said uncured elastomeric material on said support comprises extruding said uncured elastomeric material in the form of elongated elements including said elastomeric material.
42. The method according to claim 35, wherein said first positioning specification set comprises a plurality of positioning records, each of said positioning records comprising at least spatial coordinates of a predetermined point of a cross-section of said elongated element.
43. The method according to claim 36, wherein said first, second or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
EM
\ue8a0
(
y
)
=
V
mat
\ue8a0
(
y
)
–
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
)
C
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
)
wherein y is a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y) is a volume of said elastomeric material between a reference point of said vulcanization mold and a value y of said variable, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said reference point and said value y.
44. The method according to claim 36, wherein said first, second or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
\u0394M(y)=Vmat(y)\u2212Vmold(y)
wherein y is a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y) is a volume of said elastomeric material between a reference point of said vulcanization mold and a value y of said variable, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said reference point and said value y.
45. The method according to claim 36, wherein said first, second or target excess material volume curve is the following function:
EM
loc
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
=
V
mat
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
–
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
wherein y1, y2 are two predetermined values of a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y1, y2) is a volume of said elastomeric material between said values y1, y2, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said values y1, y2.
46. The method according to claim 36, wherein said first, second or target excess material volume curve is the following function:
\u0394Mloc(y1,y2)=Vmat(y1,y2)\u2212Vmold(y1,y2)
wherein y1, y2 are two predetermined values of a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y1, y2) is a volume of said elastomeric material between said values y1, y2, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said values y1, y2.
47. The method according to claim 36, wherein said redetermined direction is a radial direction.
48. A method for controlling a disposition of an uncured elastomeric material on a rigid support for the manufacturing of a green tyre to be molded and cured in a vulcanization mold, said vulcanization mold and said rigid support defining a molding cavity such that at least one portion of the green tyre is molded and cured at a substantially constant volume in at least one portion of said molding cavity, comprising:
providing a first positioning specification set for machinery associated with a disposition of said uncured elastomeric material on said support;
providing a cross-section profile of at least said portion of the molding cavity; and
determining, from said first positioning specification set and from said molding cavity cross-section profile, a first excess material volume curve of said uncured elastomeric material with respect to an available volume in said portion of the molding cavity, versus a predetermined direction.
49. The method according to claim 48, further comprising:
providing a target excess material volume curve; and
comparing said first curve with said target curve, so as to determine volume distribution differences between said first curve and said target curve versus said predetermined direction.
50. The method according to claim 48, further comprising:
determining a first cross-section profile of at least one portion of said green tyre from said first positioning specification set.
51. The method according to claim 50, further comprising:
modifying said first cross-section profile using said volume distribution differences between said first curve and said target curve, thereby determining a second cross-section profile of said green tyre portion.
52. The method according to claim 49, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
EM
\ue8a0
(
y
)
=
V
mat
\ue8a0
(
y
)
–
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
)
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
)
wherein y is a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y) is a volume of said elastomeric material between a reference point of said vulcanization mold and a value y of said variable, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said reference point and said value y.
53. The method according to claim 49, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
\u0394M(y)=Vmat(y)\u2212Vmold(y)
wherein y is a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y) is a volume of said elastomeric material between a reference point of said vulcanization mold and a value y of said variable, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said reference point and said value y.
54. The method according to claim 49, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
EM
loc
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
=
V
mat
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
–
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
wherein y1, y2 are two predetermined values of a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y1, y2) is a volume of said elastomeric material between said values y1, y2, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said values y1, y2.
55. The method according to claim 49, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
\u0394Mloc(y1,y2)=Vmat(y1,y2)\u2212Vmold(y1,y2)
wherein y1, y2 are two predetermined values of a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y1, y2) is a volume of said elastomeric material between said values y1, y2, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said values y1, y2.
56. The method according to claim 48, wherein said predetermined direction is a radial direction of said green tyre.
57. A computer program directly loadable into a memory of a computer, for performing a method for controlling a disposition of an uncured elastomeric material on a rigid support for the manufacturing of a green tyre to be molded and cured in a vulcanization mold, said vulcanization mold and said rigid support defining a molding cavity such that at least one portion of the green tyre is molded and cured at a substantially constant volume in at least one portion of said molding cavity, the program comprising code portions capable of being adapted for
acquiring a first positioning specification set for a machinery associated with a disposition of said uncured elastomeric material on said support acquiring a cross-section profile of at least said portion of the molding cavity; and
determining, from said first positioning specification set and from said molding cavity cross-section profile, a first excess material volume curve of said uncured elastomeric material with respect to an available volume in said portion of the molding cavity, versus a predetermined direction.
58. The computer program according to claim 57, further comprising code portions capable of being adapted for
determining a target excess material volume curve; and
comparing said first curve with said target curve, so as to determine volume distribution differences between said first curve and said target curve versus said predetermined direction.
59. The computer program according to claim 57, further comprising code portions capable of being adapted for
determining a first cross-section profile of at least one portion of said green tyre from said first positioning specification set.
60. The computer program according to claim 59, further comprising code portions capable of being adapted for
modifying said first cross-section profile using said volume distribution differences between said first curve and said target curve, thereby determining a second cross-section profile of said green tyre portion.
61. The computer program according to claim 58, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
EM
\ue8a0
(
y
)
=
V
mat
\ue8a0
(
y
)
–
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
)
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
)
wherein y is a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y) is a volume of said elastomeric material between a reference point of said vulcanization mold and a value y of said variable, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said reference point and said value y.
62. The computer program according to claim 58, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
\u0394M(y)=Vmat(y)\u2212Vmold(y)
wherein y is a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y) is a volume of said elastomeric material between a reference point of said vulcanization mold and a value y of said variable, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said reference point and said value y.
63. The computer program according to claim 58, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
EM
loc
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
=
V
mat
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
–
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
V
mold
\ue8a0
(
y
1
,
y
2
)
wherein y1, y2 are two predetermined values of a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y1, y2) is a volume of said elastomeric material between said values y1, y2, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said values y1, y2.
64. The computer program according to claim 58, wherein said first or target excess material volume curve represents the following function:
\u0394Mloc(y1,y2)=Vmat(y1,y2)\u2212Vmold(y1,y2)
wherein y1, y2 are two predetermined values of a variable representing said predetermined direction, Vmat(y1, y2) is a volume of said elastomeric material between said values y1, y2, and Vmold(y) is a volume of said mold cavity between said values y1, y2.
65. The computer program according to claim 57, wherein said predetermined direction is a radial direction of said green tyre.
66. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium on which the computer program of claim 57 is stored.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A frequency synthesizer, comprising:
a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), for receiving an input voltage and generating a first signal, wherein a frequency of the first signal is determined by the input voltage;
a frequency prescaler, coupled to the VCO, for receiving a first selection signal and generating a second signal and a third signal, wherein a frequency of the second signal is determined by the first selection signal to be the frequency of the first signal divided by 3, 3.5, or 4, and a frequency of the third signal is determined by the first selection signal to be the frequency of the first signal divided by 6, 7, or 8;
a divide-by-2.5 circuit, coupled to the VCO, for generating a fourth signal, wherein a frequency of the fourth signal is the frequency of the first signal divided by 2.5; and
a first selector, coupled to the frequency prescaler and the divide-by-2.5 circuit, for selecting one of the second signal, the third signal, and the fourth signal as a fifth signal according to a second selection signal.
2. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 1 further comprising:
a first divide-by-2 circuit, coupled to the first selector, for generating a sixth signal, wherein a frequency of the sixth signal is a frequency of the fifth signal divided by 2.
3. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 2 further comprising:
a second selector, coupled to the first selector and the first divide-by-2 circuit, for selecting one of the fifth signal and the sixth signal as an output signal according to a third selection signal.
4. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 2 further comprising:
a second divide-by-2 circuit, coupled to the first divide-by-2 circuit, for generating a seventh signal, wherein a frequency of the seventh signal is the frequency of the sixth signal divided by 2.
5. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 4 further comprising:
a second selector, coupled to the first selector, the first divide-by-2 circuit, and the second divide-by-2 circuit, for selecting one of the fifth signal, the sixth signal, and the seventh signal as an output signal according to a third selection signal.
6. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 4 further comprising:
a third divide-by-2 circuit, coupled to the second divide-by-2 circuit, for generating an eighth signal, wherein a frequency of the eighth signal is the frequency of the seventh signal divided by 2.
7. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 6 further comprising:
a second selector, coupled to the first selector, the first divide-by-2 circuit, the second divide-by-2 circuit, and the third divide-by-2 circuit, for selecting one of the fifth signal, the sixth signal, the seventh signal, and the eighth signal as an output signal according to a third selection signal.
8. The frequency synthesizer according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the first signal is between 2.752 GHz and 3.44 GHz.
9. A frequency prescaler, suitable for a frequency synthesizer, the frequency prescaler comprising:
a first D flip-flop, having a clock signal positive input terminal for receiving a positive signal of a first signal, and having a clock signal negative input terminal for receiving a negative signal of the first signal;
a second D flip-flop, having a clock signal negative input terminal for receiving the positive signal of the first signal, and having a clock signal positive input terminal for receiving the negative signal of the first signal;
a first multiplexer, having a first positive input terminal and a second positive input terminal respectively coupled to a plurality of positive output terminals of the first D flip-flop and the second D flip-flop, having a first negative input terminal and a second negative input terminal respectively coupled to a plurality of negative output terminals of the first D flip-flop and the second D flip-flop, having a first positive output terminal coupled to a plurality of positive input terminals of the first D flip-flop and the second D flip-flop, and having a first negative output terminal coupled to a plurality of negative input terminals of the first D flip-flop and the second D flip-flop;
a third D flip-flop, having a clock signal positive terminal and a clock signal negative terminal respectively coupled to a level shift positive output terminal and a level shift negative output terminal of the first multiplexer, having a positive output terminal and a negative input terminal coupled to each other, having a negative output terminal and a positive input terminal coupled to each other, and having a level shift positive output terminal and a level shift negative output terminal respectively coupled to a first negative output terminal and a first positive output terminal of the frequency prescaler;
a fourth D flip-flop, having a clock signal positive terminal and a clock signal negative terminal respectively coupled to the level shift positive output terminal and the level shift negative output terminal of the third D flip-flop, having a positive output terminal and a negative input terminal respectively coupled to the negative input terminal and a positive input terminal of the fourth D flip-flop, and having a level shift positive output terminal and a level shift negative output terminal respectively coupled to a second positive output terminal and a second negative output terminal of the frequency prescaler; and
a second multiplexer, having a first positive input terminal and a first negative input terminal respectively coupled to a high-level voltage and a low-level voltage, having a second positive input terminal and a second negative input terminal respectively coupled to the level shift negative output terminal and the level shift positive output terminal of the third D flip-flop, and having a third positive input terminal and a third negative input terminal respectively coupled to the level shift negative output terminal and the level shift positive output terminal of the fourth D flip-flop;
wherein, the first multiplexer is controlled by a first different control signal, the second multiplexer determines the first differential control signal according to a second different control signal, and outputs the first differential control signal.
10. The frequency prescaler according to claim 9 further comprising:
a differential buffer amplifier, coupled between the first multiplexer and the second multiplexer, for amplifying the first differential control signal output from the second multiplexer.
11. A frequency synthesizing method, comprising:
receiving a control voltage and generating a first signal, wherein a frequency of the first signal is determined by the control voltage;
generating a second signal and a third signal, wherein a frequency of the second signal and a frequency of the third signal are determined according to a first selection signal, the frequency of the second signal is the frequency of the first signal divided by 3, 3.5, or 4, and the frequency of the third signal is the frequency of the first signal divided by 6, 7, or 8;
generating a fourth signal, wherein a frequency of the fourth signal is the frequency of the first signal divided by 2.5; and
selecting one of the second signal, the third signal, and the fourth signal as a fifth signal according to a second selection signal.
12. The frequency synthesizing method according to claim 11 further comprising:
generating a sixth signal, wherein a frequency of the sixth signal is a frequency of the fifth signal divided by 2.
13. The frequency synthesizing method according to claim 12 further comprising:
generating a seventh signal, wherein a frequency of the seventh signal is the frequency of the sixth signal divided by 2.
14. The frequency synthesizing method according to claim 13 further comprising:
generating an eighth signal, wherein a frequency of the eighth signal is the frequency of the seventh signal divided by 2; and
selecting one of the fifth signal, the sixth signal, the seventh signal, and the eighth signal as an output signal according to a third selection signal.