1. A method for amplitude modulation in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
oversampling, within a single integrated circuit device, each of a plurality of samples in a baseband signal;
reducing a number of bits in each of said oversampled plurality of samples so as to cause, based on a generated pseudo random bit sequence, displacement of quantization noise that occurred as a result of said oversampling; and
low-pass filtering within said single integrated circuit device, a subsequent signal comprising said reduced number of bits.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of samples in said baseband signal comprises an M-bit binary data word, that is converted to at least one of a plurality of K signal levels where K and M represent numbers, wherein said value of K is less than 2M.
3. The method according to claim 2, comprising generating said subsequent signal comprising a current one of said plurality of K signal levels, followed by a zero signal level, followed by a subsequent one of said plurality of K signal levels.
4. The method according to claim 3, comprising converting each of said at least one of said plurality of K signal levels to a corresponding N-bit binary data word, wherein N represents a number.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein one of: a lowest and a highest, value for said N-bit binary data word corresponds to one of: a highest and a lowest, value for one of said plurality of K signal levels.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein a value for said N-bit binary data word that is greater than a lowest value and less than a highest value for said N-bit binary data word corresponds to a value for one of said plurality of K signal levels that is greater than a lowest level and less than a highest level for said one of said plurality of K signal levels.
7. The method according to claim 4, comprising generating switching control bits based on said N-bit binary data word and bits generated based on said generated pseudo random bit sequence.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said switching control bits are differentially encoded.
9. The method according to claim 8, comprising selecting one of said plurality of K signal levels based on values for positive polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits.
10. The method according to claim 8, comprising generating a zero signal level based on values for negative polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits.
11. The method according to claim 8, comprising generating said subsequent signal comprising one of said plurality of K signal levels based on current values for positive polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits, followed by a zero signal level based on values for negative polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits, followed by a subsequent one of said plurality of K signal levels based on subsequent values for said positive polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein said current values for said positive polarity bits are binary complements to corresponding subsequent values for said positive polarity bits based on said generated pseudo random bit sequence.
13. A system for amplitude modulation in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
one or more circuits within a single integrated circuit device that enable oversampling of each of a plurality of samples in a baseband signal;
said one or more circuits enable reduction of a number of bits in each of said oversampled plurality of samples so as to cause, based on a generated pseudo random bit sequence, displacement of quantization noise that occurred as a result of said oversampling; and
said one or more circuits enable low-pass filtering of a subsequent signal comprising said reduced number of bits.
14. The system according to claim 13, wherein each of said plurality of samples in said baseband signal comprises an M-bit binary data word, that is converted to at least one of a plurality of K signal levels where K and M represent numbers, wherein said value of K is less than 2M.
15. The system according to claim 14, wherein said one or more circuits enable generation of said subsequent signal comprising a current one of said plurality of K signal levels, followed by a zero signal level, followed by a subsequent one of said plurality of K signal levels.
16. The system according to claim 15, wherein said one or more circuits enable conversion of each of said at least one of said plurality of K signal levels to a corresponding N-bit binary data word, wherein N represents a number.
17. The system according to claim 16, wherein one of: a lowest and a highest, value for said N-bit binary data word corresponds to one of: a highest and a lowest, value for one of said plurality of K signal levels.
18. The system according to claim 16, wherein a value for said N-bit binary data word that is greater than a lowest value and less than a highest value for said N-bit binary data word corresponds to a value for one of said plurality of K signal levels that is greater than a lowest level and less than a highest level for said one of said plurality of K signal levels.
19. The system according to claim 16, wherein said one or more circuits enable generation of switching control bits based on said N-bit binary data word and bits generated based on said generated pseudo random bit sequence.
20. The system according to claim 19, wherein said switching control bits are differentially encoded.
21. The system according to claim 20, wherein said one or more circuits enable selection of one of said plurality of K signal levels based on values for positive polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits.
22. The system according to claim 20, wherein said one or more circuits enable generation of a zero signal level based on values for negative polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits.
23. The system according to claim 20, wherein said one or more circuits enable generation of said subsequent signal comprising one of said plurality of K signal levels based on current values for positive polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits, followed by a zero signal level based on values for negative polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits, followed by a subsequent one of said plurality of K signal levels based on subsequent values for said positive polarity bits in said differentially encoded switching control bits.
24. The system according to claim 23, wherein said current values for said positive polarity bits are binary complements to corresponding subsequent values for said positive polarity bits based on said generated pseudo random bit sequence.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for the single rejection of defective items, in particular single strip packages, during transferring from a packaging line to a conveying line, the items being moved on said packaging line by driving means, the method including the following operation steps:
checking the integrity of each product present on said packaging line by corresponding feeler means associated to said packaging line;
removably gripping every tested strip package by transfer means provided at the end of the packaging line and arranged so as to determine a pick-up position;
operating said transfer means for moving said products away from said packaging line;
releasing, by said transfer means; at least one of defective-tested products in at least one first collection section, situated near said packaging line, in step relation with the motion of the transfer means;
positioning of each entire-tested strip package onto the conveying line with the transfer means situated in a release position.
2. A method, according to claim 1, further including, after a first releasing of single defective-tested products, in said first collection section, a second releasing is performed by said transfer means of other single defective-tested strip packages into a second collection section, situated near said first collection section, in step relation with the motion of said transfer means.
3. A method, according to claim 2 wherein said defective-tested products, released by said transfer means are conveyed, by the effect of gravity, to said collection sections.
4. A method, according to claim 1, further including, after a first releasing of defective-tested products in said first collection section, a plurality of further releasing steps is performed by said transfer means of other single defective-tested products into a plurality of further collection sections, situated near said first collection section, in step relation with the motion of said transfer means.
5. A method, according to claim 4, wherein said defective-tested products, released by said transfer means are conveyed, by the effect of gravity, to said collection sections.
6. A method, according to claim 1, wherein said step of positioning each entire-tested product onto said conveying line by said transfer means, includes:
a preliminary release, by said transfer means, of said products onto a stand-by line, situated near said feeding line;
a subsequent release of said products, by said stand-by line, in a differentiated way and according to predetermined configurations, onto underlying conveying means, substantially parallel to said stand-by line.
7. A method, according to claim 6, further including feeding of a packaging machine with the articles, after the latter have been released onto said conveying means.
8. A method, according to claim 1, wherein said transfer means include:
gripping means, operated by at least one driving shaft, substantially parallel to said conveying line, and moved, in step relation with said packaging line, from a pick-up position, in which gripping means pick-up tested products in output from the packaging line, to a release position, in which the gripping means release the entire-tested products onto the conveying line, said released products being regularly spaced apart by a predetermined distance with respect to said pick-up position; control means associated to said gripping means, aimed at allowing the entire-tested products, regularly spaced apart by a predetermined distance with respect to the pick-up position, to be released at the release position.
9. A method, according to claim 8, wherein suction elements are associated to each gripping member for removably gripping said products, said suction elements being individually and independently, set in communication with a vacuum source, so as to grip andor release the products in step relation with the motion of said driving shaft.
10. A method, according to claim 8, wherein said products are picked-up by said transfer means, from said packaging line, in substantially vertical configurations, and are released onto said conveying line in substantially horizontal configurations.
11. A method, according to claim 1, wherein that each of said products is contained in a corresponding heat-sealed pocket made in a continuous band formed by a predetermined number of longitudinal and cross rows of said pockets.
12. A method, according to claim 11, further including, in step relation with the check of the integrity of each product contained in a corresponding heat-sealed pocket, the following corresponding steps:
printing andor coding of data andor information onto each heat-sealed pocket by first and second means associated to said packaging line;
cross pre-cutting of said continuous band at portions comprised between adjacent cross rows by pre-breaking units associated to said packaging line;
longitudinal cutting of said continuous band at portions comprised between adjacent longitudinal rows by first cutting units associated to said packaging line;
cross cutting of said continuous band at portions comprised between adjacent cross rows by second cutting units associated to said packaging line, so as to provide a plurality of strip packages with a predetermined longitudinal and cross format in output from said packaging line.