1. An electrode with a porous protective film, the electrode comprising:
an electrode in which an active material layer is disposed on a collector; and
a porous protective film which is disposed on a surface of the active material layer and which contains fine particles, a binder, a surfactant, and a thickener.
2. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the porous protective film comprises 1 to 100 parts by weight of the thickener relative to 100 parts by weight of the fine particles.
3. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the thickener comprises at least one type selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyethylene glycol.
4. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the surfactant comprises at least one type selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate, lithium dodecyl sulfate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.
5. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the fine particles comprises a metal oxide.
6. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 5,
wherein the metal oxide comprises at least one type selected from the group consisting of alumina, titania, zirconia, and silica.
7. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the binder comprises a fluororesin andor a rubber resin.
8. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 7,
wherein the rubber resin comprises at least one type selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylic rubber, and butadiene rubber.
9. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the air permeability of the porous protective film is 3 to 600 sec100 ml.
10. The electrode with a porous protective film according to claim 1,
wherein the thickness of the porous protective film is 0.1 to 200 \u03bcm.
11. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising:
a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer is disposed on a negative electrode collector;
a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer is disposed on a positive electrode collector;
a nonaqueous electrolyte;
a separator; and
a porous protective film which is disposed on at least one of a surface of the negative electrode active material layer and a surface of the positive electrode active material layer and which contains fine particles, a binder, a surfactant, and a thickener.
12. A method for manufacturing an electrode with a porous protective film, the method comprising the steps of:
preparing a porous protective film-forming slurry by mixing fine particles, a binder, a surfactant, a thickener, and a solvent; and
applying the porous protective film-forming slurry to an electrode, in which an active material layer is disposed on a collector, and conducting drying.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A cardiac lead comprising:
a) an elongated lead body having opposed proximal and distal end portions and having an interior lumen extending therethrough;
b) a rotatable fixation element operatively associated with the distal end portion of the lead body;
c) a conductor coil extending through the interior lumen of the lead body wherein the conductor coil is a multifilar coil having interposed electrically active and inactive filars;
d) a tubular torque transmitting member extending through the interior lumen of the lead body, coaxially arranged within the conductor coil, and having opposed proximal and distal ends, the proximal end of the tubular torque transmitting member connected to a rotatable actuator operatively and integrally connected with the proximal end portion of the lead body, such that rotation of the rotatable actuator causes corresponding rotation of the tubular torque transmitting member with respect to the elongated lead body and the conductor coil wherein the tubular torque transmitting member includes an electrically inactive helically wound coil; and
e) a threaded plug associated with the distal end portion of the lead body, carrying the rotatable fixation element and operatively connected to the distal end of the tubular torque transmitting member, such that rotation of the tubular torque transmitting member by the rotatable actuator causes corresponding rotation of the fixation element.
2. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 1, wherein the tubular torque transmitting member helically wound coil is covered by a polymer tube.
3. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 2, wherein the polymer tube is heat shrunk over the helically wound coil.
4. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 1, wherein the torque-transmitting member includes a braided structure.
5. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 4, wherein a polymer tube covers the braided structure.
6. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 5, wherein the polymer tube is heat shrunk over the braided structure.
7. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 4, wherein the braided structure is embedded in a polymer tube.
8. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 1, wherein the rotatable fixation element is a helical fixation screw.
9. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 1, wherein the rotatable actuator is part of a connector associated with the proximal end portion of the lead body.
10. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 9, further comprising an electrode assembly operatively associated with the distal end portion of the lead body, wherein the electrode assembly is operatively connected to the connector by way of the conductor coil extending through the interior lumen of the lead body.
11. A cardiac lead as recited in claim 10, wherein the electrode assembly is a bipolar pacing assembly having a distal tip electrode and a proximal ring electrode.
12. An active fixation cardiac lead comprising:
a) an elongated lead body having opposed proximal and distal end portions and having an interior lumen extending therethrough;
b) an electrode assembly associated with the distal end portion of the lead body;
c) a connector assembly associated with the proximal end portion of the lead body and including a rotatable actuator;
d) a conductor coil extending through the interior lumen of the lead body between the electrode assembly and the connector assembly;
e) a rotatable fixation member associated with the distal end portion of the lead body and carried by a threaded plug; and
f) an electrically inactive tubular torque transmitting member extending coaxially through the conductor coil, wherein a distal end of the torque-transmitting member is operatively connected to the threaded plug and a proximal end of the torque-transmitting member is operatively connected to the rotatable actuator of the connector assembly operatively and integrally connected with the proximal end portion of the lead body, wherein rotation of the rotatable actuator causes corresponding rotation of the tubular torque transmitting member and the threaded plug carrying the fixation member, with respect to the elongated lead body and the conductor coil wherein only a portion of an outer surface of the tubular torque transmitting member is covered by an electric insulation layer.
13. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 12, wherein the electric insulation layer consists of a polymer tube.
14. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 13, wherein the polymer tube is heat shrunk over the helically wound coil.
15. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 12, wherein the torque-transmitting member includes a braided structure.
16. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 15, wherein a polymer tube covers the braided structure.
17. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 16, wherein the polymer tube is heat shrunk over the braided structure.
18. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 17, wherein the braided structure is embedded in a polymer tube.
19. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 12, wherein the rotatable fixation element is a helical fixation screw.
20. An active fixation cardiac lead as recited in claim 12, wherein the electrode assembly is a bipolar pacing assembly having a distal tip electrode and a proximal ring electrode.