1. A computer program product for use in conjunction with a computer system, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium and a computer program mechanism embedded therein for providing medical reference information to a user, the computer program mechanism comprising:
(A) instructions for receiving a search query;
(B) instructions for searching data using said search query, wherein said data is organized into a plurality of therapeutic categories, each respective therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories comprising a plurality of documents that relate to the respective therapeutic category, each document in the data organized into a plurality of predetermined fields of information, wherein each document in the data is associated with a single therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories, wherein the instructions for searching data comprises the method of:
(i) identifying a subset of the plurality of therapeutic categories that pertain to the search query;
(ii) identifying a subset of documents that pertain to the search query; and
(iii) identifying a subset of fields of information contained in documents in the data that pertain to the search query; and
(C) instructions for separately outputting (i) said subset of the plurality of therapeutic categories, (ii) a listing of said subset of documents that pertain to the search query, and (iii) said subset of fields of information that pertain to the search query to a user, a display, a user-accessible computer readable media, or a computer.
2. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions for separately outputting further comprising ranking said subset of documents based on relevance to the search query and displaying said subset of documents ranked based on relevance to the search query.
3. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the data is trusted health care reference information and each document in the data is a monograph pertaining to a therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories.
4. The computer program product of claim 3, wherein a monograph in the data describes a drug that is used to treat a disease.
5. The computer program product of claim 3, wherein a monograph in the data describes a disease.
6. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the plurality of predetermined fields of information comprises at least five fields from the group consisting of an introduction field, a summary field, a pharmacology field, a pharmaco-kinetics field, an Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved indications field, an off-label uses field, a dosage and administration field, an adverse effects field, an overdose field, a safety data field, a contraindications field, a warnings field, a precautions field, a drug interactions field, an efficacy measures field, a cost comparison field, a clinical trials field, a conclusions field, a recommendations field, a references field, and a research summaries field.
7. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the plurality of predetermined fields of information comprises at least eight fields from the group consisting of an introduction field, a summary field, a pharmacology field, a pharmaco-kinetics field, an Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved indications field, an off-label uses field, a dosage and administration field, an adverse effects field, an overdose field, a safety data field, a contraindications field, a warnings field, a precautions field, a drug interactions field, an efficacy measures field, a cost comparison field, a clinical trials field, a conclusions field, a recommendations field, a references field, and a research summaries field.
8. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the identifying a subset of documents that pertain to the search query comprises scoring each respective document in the data for a number of occurrences of the search term in the respective document thereby obtaining a document score, wherein an instance of the search term in a header of the respective document is given more weight in the document score than an instance of the search term in the body of the respective document.
9. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein each document in the subset of documents is in a therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories.
10. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein a document in the subset of documents is not in a therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories.
11. A computer system comprising:
a processor; and
a memory, coupled to the processor, the memory storing:
(A) instructions for receiving a search query;
(B) instructions for searching data using said search query, wherein said data is organized into a plurality of therapeutic categories, each respective therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories comprising a plurality of documents that relate to the respective therapeutic category, each document in the data organized into a plurality of predetermined fields of information, wherein each document in the data is associated with a single therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories, wherein the instructions for searching data comprises the method of:
(i) identifying a subset of the plurality of therapeutic categories that pertain to the search query;
(ii) identifying a subset of documents that pertain to the search query; and
(iii) identifying a subset of fields of information contained in documents in the data that pertain to the search query; and
(C) instructions for separately outputting (i) said subset of the plurality of therapeutic categories, (ii) a listing of said subset of documents that pertain to the search query, and (iii) said subset of fields of information that pertain to the search query to a user, a display, a user-accessible computer readable media, or a computer.
12. The computer of claim 11, wherein the instructions for separately outputting further comprising ranking said subset of documents based on relevance to the search query and displaying said subset of documents ranked based on relevance to the search query.
13. The computer of claim 11, wherein the data is trusted health care reference information and each document in the data is a monograph pertaining to a therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories.
14. The computer of claim 13, wherein a monograph in the data describes a drug that is used to treat a disease.
15. The computer of claim 13, wherein a monograph in the data describes a disease.
16. The computer of claim 11, wherein the plurality of predetermined fields of information comprises at least five fields from the group consisting of an introduction field, a summary field, a pharmacology field, a pharmaco-kinetics field, an Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved indications field, an off-label uses field, a dosage and administration field, an adverse effects field, an overdose field, a safety data field, a contraindications field, a warnings field, a precautions field, a drug interactions field, an efficacy measures field, a cost comparison field, a clinical trials field, a conclusions field, a recommendations field, a references field, and a research summaries field.
17. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the identifying a subset of documents that pertain to the search query comprises scoring each respective document in the data for a number of occurrences of the search term in the respective document thereby obtaining a document score, wherein an instance of the search term in a header of the respective document is given more weight in the document score than an instance of the search term in the body of the respective document.
18. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein each document in the subset of documents is in a therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories.
19. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein a document in the subset of documents is not in a therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories.
20. A method comprising:
(A) receiving a search query;
(B) searching data using said search query, wherein said data is organized into a plurality of therapeutic categories, each respective therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories comprising a plurality of documents that relate to the respective therapeutic category, each document in the data organized into a plurality of predetermined fields of information, wherein each document in the data is associated with a single therapeutic category in the plurality of therapeutic categories, wherein the instructions for searching data comprises the method of:
(i) identifying a subset of the plurality of therapeutic categories that pertain to the search query;
(ii) identifying a subset of documents that pertain to the search query; and
(iii) identifying a subset of fields of information contained in documents in the data that pertain to the search query; and
(C) separately outputting (i) said subset of the plurality of therapeutic categories, (ii) a listing of said subset of documents that pertain to the search query, and (iii) said subset of fields of information that pertain to the search query to a user, a display, a user-accessible computer readable media, or a computer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A pressure-control valve device (10) for a fluid comprising at least one inlet area (P) and a first and a second outlet area (A, T), which are flow-connectable with one another by first and second seat valves (23, 24) being coupled to one another,
a fluid inflow from the inlet area (P) to the first and the second outlet areas (A, T) being adjustable by the first seat valve (23) and a fluid outflow between the first and the second outlet areas (A, T) being adjustable by the second seat valve (24),
the first seat valve (23) being formed as a valve aperture (232), with a valve opening (234) and a valve control edge (233) and a ball-shaped closing element (231) co-operating with the valve control edge (233),
a ratio (DVDK) of a diameter (DV) of the valve opening (234) to a diameter (DK) of the ball-shaped closing element (231) being equal to or greater than 0.75,
an upstream flow guiding device (26), by which a twisting motion is imparted to incoming fluid in an area of the first seat valve (23), is arranged upstream of the first seat valve (23) in the inlet area (P), and
a downstream flow guiding device (28) being arranged upstream of the second seat valve (24) and downstream of the first seat valve (23), along the flow between the first and the second outlet areas (A, T), and the downstream flow guiding device (28) is designed such that, in an area of the second flow valve (24), a twisting motion is imparted to the fluid flowing to the second outlet area (T).
2. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1 wherein a ratio (tDK) of a penetration depth (t) of the ball-shaped closing element (231), into the valve opening (234) in a closed condition of the first seat valve (23), to the diameter (DK) of the ball-shaped closing element (231), is equal to or greater than 0.2.
3. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1, wherein a side (235, 236) of the valve aperture (232), facing toward the inlet area (P), is one of extends perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis (L) of the pressure-control valve device (10) or is formed with a continuous taper (236) in a direction of the valve control edge (233).
4. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical section (238) of the valve opening (234) is formed between an upstream area (236) thereof, that tapers continuously, and a downstream area (237) thereof that expands continuously.
5. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the upstream and the downstream flow guiding devices (26, 28) are designed such that the twisting motions, of the fluid flow through the first and the second seat valves (23, 24), have a same rotational direction.
6. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the upstream flow guiding device (26) has at least one flow guiding duct (261) which opens at least approximately tangentially to the valve opening (234) of the first seat valve (23), in the inlet area (P), and which extends downstream in a funnel shape, in a direction toward the valve opening (234) of the first seat valve (23).
7. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 6, wherein a cross-section of the at least one flow guiding duct (261), in a plane which extends perpendicular to a longitudinal axis (L) of the pressure-control valve device (10), is propeller-shaped.
8. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (DVDK) of the diameter (DV) of the valve opening (234) to the diameter (DK) of the ball-shaped closing element (231) is between 0.75 and 0.8.
9. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (DVDK) of the diameter (DV) of the valve opening (234) to the diameter (DK) of the ball-shaped closing element (231) is 0.75.
10. A pressure-control valve device (10) for a fluid comprising at least one inlet area (P) and a first and a second outlet area (A, T), which are flow-connectable with one another by first and second seat valves (23, 24) being coupled to one another,
a fluid inflow from the inlet area (P) to the first and the second outlet areas (A, T) being adjustable by the first seat valve (23) and a fluid outflow between the first and the second outlet areas (A, T) being adjustable by the second seat valve (24),
the first seat valve (23) being formed as a valve aperture (232), with a valve opening (234) and a valve control edge (233), and a ball-shaped closing element (231) co-operating with the valve control edge (233),
a ratio (DVDK) of a diameter (DV) of the valve opening (234) to a diameter (DK) of the ball-shaped closing element (231) being equal to or greater than 0.75 ,
a first flow guiding device (26), by which a twisting motion is imparted to incoming fluid in an area of the first seat valve (23), being arranged upstream of the first seat valve (23) in the inlet area (P),
a second flow guiding device (28) being arranged upstream of the second seat valve (24), along the flow between the first and the second outlet areas (A, T), and the second flow guiding device (28) being designed such that, in an area of the second flow valve (24), a twisting motion is imparted to the fluid flowing to the second outlet area (T), and
the first and the second flow guiding devices (26, 28) being designed such that the twisting motions, of the fluid flow through the first and the second seat valves (23, 24), have a same rotational direction.
11. The pressure-control valve device (10) according to claim 10, wherein the ratio (DVDK) of the diameter (DV) of the valve opening (234) to the diameter (DK) of the ball-shaped closing element (231) is between 0.75 and 0.8.