1. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
a pressure plate, the pressure plate being movable along an axis generally parallel with an axis of the plunger;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with a first inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for force engagement with the pressure plate, and the first brake ring having a third wedge surface; and
a first wedge plate, the wedge plate having a wedge surface engaged with the first brake ring third wedge surface wherein relative movement of the pressure plate towards the wedge plate causes the first brake ring to circumferentially contact the plunger to prevent movement of the plunger along its axis.
2. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 1, wherein the first brake ring has a radial slot.
3. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 1, wherein the first brake ring is fabricated from a metal that is softer than a metal which is utilized to fabricate the plunger.
4. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 1, wherein there is additionally a second brake ring and a second wedge plate, the second brake ring being adjacent to the first wedge plate, and the second wedge plate being on a side of the second brake ring opposite the first wedge plate, and wherein the first wedge plate transfers force to the second brake ring.
5. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 4, with at least one additional brake ring and wedge plate configured and position substantially similar to the first brake ring and first wedge plate.
6. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
a pressure plate encircling the plunger, the pressure plate being movable along the axis generally parallel with an axis of the plunger and the pressure plate having axial apertures with counter bores;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with an inner flat surface for engagement with the plunger, the brake ring having a second upper surface for contact with the pressure plate and the brake ring having an outer frustal conical wedge surface, and the first brake ring having a radial slot and being fabricated from a metal softer than a metal of the plunger;
a first wedge plate, the first wedge plate having a first wedge surface for engagement with the wedge surface of the first brake ring, the first wedge plate having pins fixably attached thereto which are aligned with the apertures of the pressure plate;
a second brake ring positioned adjacent and contacting to the first wedge plate, the second brake ring encircling the plunger with an inner flat surface for engagement with the plunger, the second brake ring having a second surface for contacting the first wedge plate and the second brake ring having a frustal conical outer wedge surface, and the second brake ring having a radial slot and being fabricated from a metal material being softer than the plunger; and
a second wedge plate having a first wedge surface engaged with the wedge surface of the second brake ring wherein relative movement of the pressure plate towards the second wedge plate causes the first and second brake rings to circumferentially grip the plunger and prevent axial movement of the plunger.
7. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
a collar encircling the plunger and being selectively clamped onto the plunger;
a pressure plate encircling the plunger, the pressure plate being positioned adjacent the collar and being movable along an axis generally parallel with the axis of the plunger;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with a first surface for force engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for force engagement with the pressure plate, and the brake ring having a wedge surface; and
a first wedge plate, the first wedge plate having a wedge surface for engagement with the wedge surface of the first brake ring wherein clamping of the collar with the plunger causes the collar to move with the plunger and to urge the pressure plate to have relative movement with respect to the first wedge ring to cause the brake ring to circumferentially grip the plunger and prevent further movement of the plunger.
8. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 7, wherein the collar and pressure plate are one unitary member.
9. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
a split collar encircling the plunger and selectively clamped therewith, the collar being spring biased by a horizontally mounted adjustable force adjustable spring to clamp onto the plunger, the collar also having a hydraulic cylinder which is pressurized to normally prevent the collar from being clamped onto the plunger;
a pressure plate encircling the plunger, the pressure plate being movable along an axis generally parallel with an axis of the plunger;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with a first inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for contacting the pressure plate, and the brake ring having an outer frustal conical wedge surface;
a first wedge plate, the first wedge plate having a frustal conical wedge surface engaged with the frustal conical surface of the first brake ring;
a second brake ring encircling the plunger with an inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for contacting the first wedge plate, and the second brake ring having an outer frustal conical wedge surface; and
a second wedge plate, the second wedge plate having a frustal conical wedge surface engaged with the frustal conical wedge surface of the second brake ring, wherein clamping of the collar with the plunger causes the collar to move with the plunger and to urge the pressure plate towards the second wedge plate and to cause the first and second brake rings to circumferentially grip the plunger and prevent further movement of the plunger.
10. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
a collar encircling the plunger, collar being selectively clamped to the plunger;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with an inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for contacting the collar, and the first brake ring having a wedge surface; and
a first wedge plate, the wedge plate having a wedge surface engaged with the wedge surface of the first brake ring, wherein clamping of the collar upon the plunger and subsequent movement of the plunger towards the first wedge plate causes the first brake ring to circumferentially grip the plunger and prevent further movement thereof.
11. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
a pressure plate being movable along an axis generally parallel with the axis of the plunger;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with an inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for force engagement with the pressure plate, and the first brake ring having an outer wedge surface;
a first wedge plate, the wedge plate having a first wedge surface for engagement with the wedge surface of the first brake ring;
a spring biasing the pressure plate and wedge plate toward one another; and
a fluid release actuator urging the pressure plate away from the wedge plate wherein upon release of the actuator relative movement of the pressure plate towards the first wedge plate causes the brake ring to circumferentially grip the plunger and prevent movement of the plunger.
12. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 11, wherein the fluid release actuator is annular.
13. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 12, wherein the fluid release actuator circles the brake rings.
14. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 11, wherein the spring is mounted vertically.
15. A brake for a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 11, with a plurality of springs.
16. A hydraulic elevator comprising:
an elevator car;
a plunger operatively connected with the car;
a powering cylinder receiving the plunger;
a brake for the plunger, the brake including:
a pressure plate, the pressure plate being movable along an axis generally parallel with an axis of the plunger;
a first brake ring encircling the plunger with an inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the first brake ring having a second surface for force engagement with the pressure plate, and the brake ring having a wedge surface; and
a first wedge plate, the wedge plate having a first wedge surface engaged with the first brake ring wedge surface wherein relative movement of the pressure plate towards the wedge plate causes the brake ring to circumferentially contact the plunger to prevent movement of the plunger along its axis.
17. A method of braking a plunger of a hydraulic elevator comprising:
moving a pressure plate along an axis generally parallel with an axis of the plunger;
encircling the plunger with a first brake ring having an inner surface for engagement with the plunger, the brake ring having a second surface for force engagement with the pressure plate, and the first brake ring having an outer wedge surface; and
engaging the wedge surface of the first brake ring with a wedge surface of a first wedge plate while the pressure plate is moving toward the first wedge plate to cause the brake ring to circumferentially engage the plunger to prevent movement of the plunger along its axis.
18. A method of braking a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 17, further including spring biasing the pressure plate toward the wedge plate in a normal condition urging the pressure plate and wedge plate away from one another with a fluid activator which is responsive to a fluid pressure in a hydraulic cylinder of the elevator.
19. A method of braking a plunger of a hydraulic elevator as described in claim 17, further including spring biasing the pressure plate toward the wedge plate in a normal condition urging the pressure plate and wedge plate away from one another with a fluid activator which is responsive to an over speed condition of the plunger.
20. A method as described in claim 17, further including:
encircling the plunger with a second brake ring similar to the first wedge ring, the second brake engaging the second wedge ring with a second wedge plate similar to the first wedge plate to cause the second brake ring, to circumferentially engage the plunger with a force greater than the first brake ring to prevent movement of the plunger along its axis.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A conductive polymer capacitor comprising:
an anode comprising a porous metal body having an anode lead extending therefrom;
a dielectric layer formed by oxidizing a surface of said anode;
a solid electrolyte formed on said dielectric layer comprised of a first conductive polymer layer formed on said dielectric layer and a second conductive polymer layer formed on said first conductive polymer layer;
said second conductive polymer layer comprising a polyaniline layer formed by dipping said metal body having said first conductive layer thereon into a solution of doped polyaniline dissolved in an organic solvent.
2. A conductive polymer capacitor according to claim 1 wherein said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting essentially of m-Cresol, p-Cresol, O-Cresol, and Cl-Cresol.
3. A conductive polymer capacitor according to claim 1 wherein said doped polyaniline is doped with a dopant selected from the group consisting essentially of arylsulfonic acids and camphorsulfonic acid.
4. A conductive polymer capacitor according to claim 1 and further comprising an inorganic filler within said second conductive layer.
5. A conductive polymer capacitor according to claim 4 wherein said inorganic filler is selected from the group consisting essentially of SiO2, Al2O3, SnO2, ZrO2, MgO, and BeO.
6. A conductive polymer capacitor according to claim 4 wherein said inorganic filler comprises graphite.
7. A conductive polymer capacitor according to claim 1 wherein said first conductive polymer layer comprises a polypyrrole layer.
8. A method for forming a conductive polymer capacitor comprising:
forming an anode from a porous metal body;
connecting an anode lead to said porous metal body;
oxidizing a surface of said anode to form a dielectric layer thereon;
forming a first conductive polymer layer on said dielectric layer;
forming a second conductive polymer layer on said first conductive polymer layer by dipping said metal body having said dielectric layer and said first conductive layer thereon into a solution of doped polyaniline dissolved in an organic solvent.
9. A method according to claim 8 and further comprising forming said doped polyaniline by using a dopant selected from the group consisting essentially of arylsulfonic acid and camphorsulfonic acid.
10. A method according to claim 8 and further comprising dissolving said doped polyaniline in said organic solvent wherein said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting essentially of m-Cresol, P-Cresol, o-Cresol, and Cl-Cresol.
11. A method according to claim 8 and further comprising forming said first conductive polymer layer from polypyrrole.
12. A method according to claim 8 and further comprising placing an inorganic filler within said organic solvent before said dipping step whereby said inorganic filler is within said second conductive polymer layer after said dipping step.
13. A method according to claim 12 wherein said inorganic filler is selected from the group consisting essentially of SiO2, Al2O3, SnO2, ZrO2, MgO, and BeO.
14. A method according to claim 12 wherein said inorganic filler comprises graphite.