1. A container for particulate materials that is adapted to be mounted on a trailer for transport on a roadway, said container:
(a) having a long axis;
(b) having a height to width ratio within the range of 1.21 to 1.41;
(c) comprising:
(i) a plurality of hoppers comprising at least one pair of adjacent hoppers which are spaced along the long axis of the container;
(ii) a shell that is disposed over the plurality of hoppers;
(iii) an internal U-shaped divider plate between each pair of adjacent hoppers, wherein each U-shaped divider plate has a height to width ratio that is within the range of about 0.501 to about 0.651.
2. The container of claim 1, wherein the shell comprises:
(a) an upper portion comprising an arc of constant radius;
(b) a pair of intermediate portions, each comprising an arc having a radius that is greater in length than the radius of the arc of the upper portion;
(c) a pair of lower portions, each comprising an arc having a radius that is less in length than the radius of the arc of the upper portion.
3. The container of claim 2, wherein each of the intermediate portions comprises an arc having a radius from an intermediate origin with a length that is within the range of about 1.2 to about 1.25 times the length of the radius of the upper portion.
4. The container of claim 3, wherein each of the intermediate origins is located a distance from the top of the shell that is within the range of about 1.05 to about 1.15 times the length of the radius of the upper portion.
5. The container of claim 2, wherein each of the lower portions comprises an arc having a radius from a lower origin having a length that is within the range of about 0.85 to about 0.95 times the length of the radius of the upper portion.
6. The container of claim 5, wherein each of the lower origins is located a distance from the top of the shell that is within the range of about 1.25 to about 1.35 times the length of the radius of the upper portion.
7. A container for particulate materials that is adapted to be mounted on a trailer for transport on a roadway, said container having a long axis and a height to width ratio within the range of 1.21 to 1.41 and further comprising:
(a) a plurality of hoppers comprising at least one pair of adjacent hoppers;
(b) an internal U-shaped divider plate between each pair of adjacent hoppers;
(c) a shell that is disposed over the plurality of hoppers, said shell comprising:
(i) an upper portion comprising an arc having a constant radius from an upper origin;
(ii) a pair of intermediate portions, each of which comprises an arc having a radius from an intermediate origin that is greater in length than the radius of the arc of the upper portion;
(iii) a pair of lower portions, each of which comprises an arc having a radius from a common lower origin that is shorter in length than the radius of the arc of the upper portion;
wherein the intermediate origins are located on opposite sides of a line passing through the upper origin and the common lower origin by a distance that is within the range of about 0.40 to about 0.46 times the length of the radius of the upper portion.
8. The container of claim 7, wherein:
(a) the upper portion of the shell comprises an arc through an angular range of about 160\xb0 to about 180\xb0;
(b) the intermediate portions of the shell each comprise an arc through an angular range of about 30\xb0 to about 35\xb0;
(c) the lower portions of the shell each comprise an arc through an angular range of about 15\xb0 to about 20\xb0.
9. The container of claim 7, wherein:
(a) the upper portion of the shell comprises an arc through an angular range of about 170\xb0;
(b) the intermediate portions of the shell each comprise an arc through an angular range of about 33\xb0;
(c) the lower portions of the shell each comprise an arc through an angular range of about 18\xb0.
10. The container of claim 1 which includes a generally triangular shell insert located outside the shell and adjacent to each U-shaped divider plate.
11. The container of claim 10 which includes an elongated reinforcement plate between each hopper and the shell, each of which lays flat against the inner surface of the shell.
12. The container of claim 1:
(a) wherein the shell has a front end and a rear end;
(b) which includes a front end cone that is attached to the front end of the shell and a rear end cone that is attached to the rear end of the shell.
13. The container of claim 12:
(a) wherein the front end of the shell has an inside surface;
(b) wherein the rear end of the shell has an inside surface;
(b) wherein the front end cone has an inside surface that is adjacent to the inside surface of the front end of the shell;
(c) wherein the rear end cone has an inside surface that is adjacent to the inside surface of the rear end of the shell;
(d) which includes a front reinforcement plate that is attached to the inside surface of the front end of the shell and to the adjacent inside surface of the front end cone and a rear reinforcement plate that is attached to the inside surface of the rear end of the shell and to the adjacent inside surface of the rear end cone, wherein each reinforcement plate lays flat against the inside surface of the shell or the inside surface of the end cone with which it is associated and provides for a generally smooth geometric transition between the adjacent inside surfaces.
14. The container of claim 12 wherein each end cone includes an end plate and a reinforcement plate that is located inside the end cone and adjacent to the end plate with which it is associated.
15. A container for particulate materials that is adapted to be mounted on a trailer for transport on a roadway, said container:
(a) having a long axis;
(b) having a height to width ratio within the range of 1.21 to 1.41;
(c) comprising:
(i) a plurality of hoppers comprising at least one pair of adjacent hoppers which are spaced along the long axis of the container;
(ii) a shell that is disposed over the plurality of hoppers;
(iii) an internal U-shaped divider plate between each pair of adjacent hoppers wherein each U-shaped divider plate comprises a pair of arms, each of which has an upper end, and wherein the upper end of each arm of each U-shaped divider plate includes an indention;
(d) a pair of support plates that are associated with each U-shaped divider plate, with each such support plate being attached to the indention in one of the upper ends of an arm of the U-shaped divider and to the inner surface of the shell.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for treating an inflammatory disease in an individual, the method comprising:
administering to the individual a dose of a cardiac glycoside by a route and dosing regimen that is effective in increasing expression of at least one anti-inflammatory cytokine by endogenous immune cells.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-inflammatory cytokine is increased in expression by at least two-fold relative to an untreated control.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the anti-inflammatory cytokine is IL-10.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the anti-inflammatory cytokine is TGF\u03b2.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the endogenous immune cell is a regulatory B cell.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the inflammatory disease is rheumatoid arthritis.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the individual has been diagnosed as having a pre-clinical stage of disease.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the inflammatory disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the inflammatory disease is myasthenia gravis.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardiac glycoside is a bufadienolide.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the bufadienolide is bufalin, telocinobufagenin, marinobufagin, marinobufagenin or proscillaridin.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardenoloide is ouabain, digitoxigenin, digoxigenin, gitaligenin, ouabagenin, G-strophanthidin, digoxin, gitoxigenin, oleandrin, oleandrigenin, strodival, strophalen, strophantinum G, strophoperm, strophanthidin, strophanthin K, strophosan, strophosid, uabaina, uabanin, proscillan, proslladin, purgoxin, sandoscill, scillacrist, caradrin, caradrine, carmazon, deslanoside, dihydroouabain, scillarenin, scillaridin A, and cymarin.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardiac glycoside is administered orally.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardiac glycoside is administered sublingually.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sublingual administration is daily.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the sublingual administration is every three days.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein a sublingual therapeutically effective dose is in the range of 0.001 to 5 mgkg per dose.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein a sublingual therapeutically effective dose is in the range of 0.01 to 0.5 mgkg per dose.