1. An array substrate comprising:
a first test line formed on a substrate and extending along a first direction;
a second test line disposed substantially in parallel with the first test line;
a first source line extending along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the first source line being electrically connected to the first test line;
a second source line extending along the second direction, the second source line being electrically connected to the second test line;
a plurality of gate lines, each gate line extending along the first direction;
a first shorting bar extending along the first direction, the first source line extending from the first shorting bar along the second direction, the second source line extending along the second direction such that the second source line is separated from the first shorting bar; and
a switching device formed on a region surrounded by the first source line, the second source line, and the plurality of gate lines.
2. The array substrate of claim 1, further comprising:
a pixel electrode layer electrically coupled to the switching device,
wherein the first test line and the first source line are electrically connected to each other by a first bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer, and
wherein the second test line and the second source line are electrically connected to each other by a second bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer.
3. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the first source line comprises odd numbered source lines and the second source line comprises even numbered source lines.
4. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the first source line comprises even numbered source lines and the second source line comprises odd numbered source lines.
5. The array substrate of claim 1, wherein the first test line and the second test line are formed in a first peripheral region surrounding a display region on which the switching device is formed, and the first shorting bar is formed in a second peripheral region surrounding the first peripheral region.
6. The array substrate of claim 1, further comprising:
a third test line formed on the substrate and extending along the second direction;
a fourth test line disposed substantially in parallel with the third test line; and
a second shorting bar extending along the second direction,
wherein the plurality of gate lines comprises:
a first gate line extending from the second shorting bar along the first direction, the first gate line being electrically connected to the third test line;
a second gate line extending along the first direction, the second gate line being electrically connected to the fourth test line.
7. The array substrate of claim 6, further comprising:
a pixel electrode layer electrically coupled to the switching device,
wherein the third test line and the first gate line are electrically connected to each other by a third bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer, and
wherein the fourth test line and the second gate line are electrically connected to each other by a fourth bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer.
8. The array substrate of claim 6, wherein the first gate line comprises odd numbered gate lines and the second gate line comprises even numbered gate lines.
9. The array substrate of claim 6, wherein the first gate line comprises even numbered gate lines and the second gate line comprises odd numbered gate lines.
10. The array substrate of claim 6, wherein the third test line and the fourth test line are formed in a first peripheral region surrounding a display region on which the switching device is formed, and the second shorting bar is formed in a second peripheral region surrounding the first peripheral region.
11. An array substrate comprising:
a first test line disposed on a substrate;
a second test line disposed on the substrate;
a first shorting bar disposed on the substrate;
a first gate line extending along a first direction;
a third test line disposed on the substrate and extending along a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the third test line being electrically connected to the first gate line;
a fourth test line disposed substantially in parallel with the third test line;
a second gate line extending along the first direction, the second gate line being electrically connected to the fourth test line;
a plurality of source lines extending along the second direction;
a second shorting bar extending along the second direction, the first gate line extending from the second shorting bar along the first direction, the second gate line extending along the first direction such that the second gate line is separated from the second shorting bar; and
a switching device formed on a region surrounded by the first gate line, the second gate line, and the plurality of source lines.
12. The array substrate of claim 11, further comprising:
a pixel electrode layer electrically coupled to the switching device,
wherein the third test line and the first gate line are electrically connected to each other by a first bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer, and
wherein the fourth test line and the second gate line are electrically connected to each other by a second bridge pattern being composed of the same material as that of the pixel electrode layer.
13. The array substrate of claim 11, wherein the first gate line comprises odd numbered gate lines and the second gate line comprises even numbered gate lines.
14. The array substrate of claim 11, wherein the first gate line comprises even numbered gate lines and the second gate line comprises odd numbered gate lines.
15. The array substrate of claim 11, wherein the third test line and the fourth test line are formed in a first peripheral region surrounding a display region on which the switching device is formed, and the second shorting bar is formed in a second peripheral region surrounding the first peripheral region.
16. The array substrate of claim 11, wherein
the first test line extends along the first direction,
the second test line is disposed substantially in parallel with the first test line,
the first shorting bar extends along the first direction,
the plurality of source lines comprises
a first source line extending from the first shorting bar along the second direction, the first source line being electrically connected to the first test line, and
the plurality of source lines further comprises a second source line extending along the second direction, the second source line being electrically connected to the second test line.
17. The array substrate of claim 16, further comprising:
a pixel electrode layer electrically coupled to the switching device,
wherein the first test line and the first source line are electrically connected to each other by a third bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer, and
wherein the second test line and the second source line are electrically connected to each other by a fourth bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer.
18. The array substrate of claim 16, wherein the first source line comprises odd numbered source lines and the second source line comprises even numbered source lines.
19. The array substrate of claim 16, wherein the first source line comprises even numbered source lines and the second source line comprises odd numbered source lines.
20. The array substrate of claim 16, wherein the first test line and the second test line are formed in a first peripheral region surrounding a display region on which the switching device is formed, and the first shorting bar is formed in a second peripheral region surrounding the first peripheral region.
21. An array substrate comprising:
a first test line formed on a substrate and extending along a first direction;
a second test line disposed substantially in parallel with the first test line;
a first source line extending along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the first source line being electrically connected to the first test line;
a second source line extending along the second direction, the second source line being electrically connected to the second test line;
a first shorting bar extending along the first direction, the first source line extending from the first shorting bar along the second direction, the second source line extending along the second direction such that the second source line is separated from the first shorting bar;
a third test line extending along the second direction;
a fourth test line disposed substantially in parallel with the third test line;
a first gate line extending along the first direction, the first gate line being electrically connected to the third test line;
a second gate line extending along the first direction, the second gate line being electrically connected to the fourth test line;
a second shorting bar extending along the second direction, the first gate line extending from the second shorting bar, the second gate line extending such that the second gate line is separated from the second shorting bar; and
a switching device formed on a region surrounded by the first gate line, the second gate line, the first source line, and the fourth source line.
22. The array substrate of claim 21, further comprising:
a pixel electrode layer electrically coupled to the switching device,
wherein the first test line and the first source line are electrically connected to each other by a first bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer,
wherein the second test line and the second source line are electrically connected to each other by a second bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer,
wherein the third test line and the first gate line are electrically connected to each other by a third bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer, and
wherein the fourth test line and the second gate line are electrically connected to each other by a fourth bridge pattern being composed of a same material as that of the pixel electrode layer.
23. The array substrate of claim 21, wherein the first source line comprises odd numbered source lines and the second source line comprises even numbered source lines.
24. The array substrate of claim 21, wherein the first source line comprises even numbered source lines and the second source line comprises odd numbered source lines.
25. The array substrate of claim 21, wherein the first gate line comprises odd numbered gate lines and the second gate line comprises even numbered gate lines.
26. The array substrate of claim 21, wherein the first gate line comprises even numbered gate lines and the second gate line comprises odd numbered gate lines.
27. The array substrate of claim 21, wherein the first test line, the second test line, the third test line, and fourth test line are formed in a first peripheral region surrounding a display region on which the switching device is formed, and the first shorting bar and the second shorting bar are formed in a second peripheral region surrounding the first peripheral region.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An electronic shopping mall that includes one or more virtual shops and is provided on a communication network to offer and sell products or services to a customer in response to an access provided by the customer via the communication network, comprising:
a shopping mall server that manages the electronic shopping mall and a shop server that manages the one or more of the virtual shops in the electronic shopping mall; and
wherein the shopping mall server comprises:
primary offering means for, in response to a request provided by the customer, offering a product or a service that the customer desires to purchase after being selected by the customer from the products or the services handled by the one or more of the virtual shops in the electronic shopping mall together with a price of the product or the service that the customer desires to purchase;
primary-discount means for, in response to an initial discount request provided by the customer, providing a reply on a discount to be borne by the electronic shopping mall to the customer; and
secondary-discount negotiation means for, in response to a further discount over the discount to be borne by the electronic shopping mall requested by the customer, carrying out a negotiation with the shop server for a discount to be borne by the one or more of the virtual shops managed by the shop server, and providing a result of the negotiation to the customer,
wherein the shop server comprises secondary-discount means for, in response to a discount request provided by the shopping mall server, providing a reply on the discount to be borne by the one or more of the virtual shops managed by the shop server to the shopping mall server.
2. An electronic shopping mall according to claim 1, wherein the shopping mall server further comprises customer information database configuration means for providing the customer with a questionnaire about personal information of the customer and configuring a customer information database by registering the personal information of the customer based on a result of the questionnaire, and
wherein the primary-discount means creates an answer on the discount to be borne by the electronic shopping mall at least referring to the customer information database, to the discount request provided by the customer.
3. An electronic shopping mall according to claim 1, wherein the shopping mall server further comprises primary advertisement means for, while the shopping mall server is creating the reply on the discount to be borne by the electronic shopping mall in response to the initial discount request provided by the customer, providing an advertisement of the electronic shopping mall managed by the shopping mall server to the customer.
4. An electronic shopping mall according to claim 1, wherein the shopping mall server further comprises secondary advertisement means for, while the shopping mall server is negotiating with the shop server for the further discount to be borne by the one or more of the virtual shops, providing an advertisement of the one or more of the virtual shops managed by the shop server to the customer.
5. An electronic shopping mall according to claim 1, wherein the shopping mall server further comprises direct negotiation offering means for mediating a direct negotiation between the customer and the shop sever.