1. A laser processing method comprising:
a laser light converging step of converging a laser light at a sheet-like object to be processed made of silicon so as to form a modified region within the object; and
an etching step of anisotropically etching the object so as to thin the object to a target thickness and advancing the etching selectively along the modified region so as to form the object with a through hole tilted with respect to a thickness direction of the object after the laser light converging step;
wherein the laser light converging step forms a first modified region as the modified region in a part corresponding to the through hole in the object and a second modified region as the modified region extending parallel to the thickness direction and joining with the first modified region in a part to be removed upon thinning by the anisotropic etching in the object;
wherein the etching step advances the etching selectively along the second modified region and then along the first modified region while thinning the object and completes forming the through hole when the object is at the target thickness; and
wherein the laser light converging step comprises:
a first step of repeatedly performing a step of irradiating the object with the laser light while relatively moving a converging point of the laser light along a first direction orthogonal to an irradiation direction of the laser light, while changing a depth position of the converging point in the irradiation direction; and
a second step of repeatedly performing the first step while changing a position of the converging point in a second direction orthogonal to the irradiation direction and first direction.
2. A laser processing method comprising:
a laser light converging step of converging a laser light at a sheet-like object to be processed made of silicon so as to form a modified region within the object; and
an etching step of anisotropically etching the object so as to thin the object to a target thickness and advancing the etching selectively along the modified region so as to form the object with a through hole tilted with respect to a thickness direction of the object after the laser light converging step;
wherein the laser light converging step forms a first modified region as the modified region in a part corresponding to the through hole in the object and a second modified region as the modified region extending parallel to the thickness direction and joining with the first modified region in a part to be removed upon thinning by the anisotropic etching in the object;
wherein the etching step advances the etching selectively along the second modified region and then along the first modified region while thinning the object and completes forming the through hole when the object is at the target thickness;
wherein the object has a main face in a (100) plane; and
wherein the laser light converging step comprises:
a first step of repeatedly performing a step of irradiating the object with the laser light while relatively moving a converging point of the laser light along a first direction orthogonal to an irradiation direction of the laser light, while changing a depth position of the converging point in the irradiation direction; and
a second step of repeatedly performing the first step while changing a position of the converging point in a second direction orthogonal to the irradiation direction and first direction.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An article comprising a membrane having at least one layer having a porous surface and including submucosal intestine tissue, and cells adhered to said layer.
2. An article according to claim 1, wherein said cells are chondrocyte cells.
3. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is cell-free.
4. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is collagen.
5. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is Type I and Type III collagen.
6. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is resorbable.
7. An article according to claim 1, wherein said chondrocyte cells are autologous.
8. An article according to claim 1, further comprising biocompatible adhesive adjacent said membrane.
9. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is adapted to be disposed over the articular cartilage defect.
10. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is adapted to be disposed in the articular cartilage defect.
11. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is disposed over the articular cartilage defect.
12. An article according to claim 1, wherein said membrane is disposed in the articular cartilage defect.