1. A packaged, presulfided catalyst useful to hydrogenate hydrocarbon resin without an in situ sulfiding step, comprising:
porous catalyst particles comprising a supported metal catalyst structure comprising an internal pore volume with presulfided interstitial surfaces;
about 20 wt. % of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon resin, based on the weight of the supported metal catalyst structure, filling from 90 to 95 percent of the pore volume to improve a crush strength of the catalyst particles; and
an air-tight, transportable container housing the discrete catalyst particles in an inert atmosphere.
2. A method to hydrogenate hydrocarbon resin, comprising:
preparing catalyst particles comprising a supported metal catalyst structure comprising an internal pore volume with oxidized interstitial surfaces;
sulfiding the supported metal catalyst structure to form presulfided interstitial surfaces;
in an inert atmosphere, contacting the presulfided catalyst particles with about 20 wt. % percent of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon resin, based on the weight of the presulfided catalyst particles, to fill from 90 to 95 percent of the pore volume and improve a crush strength of the catalyst particles;
optionally screening the resin-filled catalyst particles to remove fines;
sealing the resin-filled catalyst particles in an air-tight, transportable container housing the discrete catalyst particles in an inert atmosphere;
loading the resin-filled catalyst particles from the container into a catalyst bed in a hydrogenation reactor; and
immediately (without a separate in situ sulfiding step) contacting the catalyst bed with an unsaturated hydrocarbon resin under hydrogenation conditions to hydrogenate the unsaturated hydrocarbon resin.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following general formula (1):
wherein A1 to A4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group having 1 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 50 carbon atoms or a halogen atom;
a, b, c and d each independently represents an integer of 0 to 5, when a, b, c or d each is 2 or greater, A1 to A4 may be the same with or different from each other, and may bond each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring; and further, a couple of A1 and A2, and a couple of A3 and A4 may bond each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring;
R1 to R4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group having 5 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 50 carbon atoms; a couple of R1 and R2, and a couple of R3 and R4 may bond each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring;
however, a case where all of R1 to R4 in the general formula (1) are hydrogen atoms is excluded.
2. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein at least one of R1 or R3 in the general formula (1) independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
3. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein R1 and R3 in the general formula (1) each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
4. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein at least one of R2 or R4 in the general formula (1) independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted primary alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted secondary alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 1 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
5. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein R1 to R4 in the general formula (1) each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group having 5 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 50 carbon atoms.
6. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein A1 to A4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 5 to 12 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group having 1 to 6 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen atom;
a, b, c and d each independently represents an integer of 0 to 2, when a, b, c or d each is 2 or greater, A1 to A4 may be the same with or different from each other, and may bond each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring; and further, a couple of A1 and A2, and a couple of A3 and A4 may bond each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring;
R1 to R4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 5 to 12 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; a couple of R1 and R2, and a couple of R3 and R4 may bond each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring;
however, a case where all of R1 to R4 in the general formula (1) are hydrogen atoms is excluded.
7. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein the alkyl group represented by R2 and R4 in the general formula (1) are primary or secondary.
8. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein at least one of R1 or R3 in the general formula (1) represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a s-butyl group, a t-butyl group or a cyclohexyl group.
9. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, wherein at least one of R2 or R4 in the general formula (1) represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a s-butyl group, a t-butyl group or a cyclohexyl group.
10. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
11. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
12. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
13. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
14. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
15. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
16. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula:
17. The aromatic amine derivative according to claim 1, which is represented by the following formula: