1. A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a communication program that causes a computer to perform communication processing of received packets in response to reception of interrupt processing, the interrupt processing being performed by a network adapter as a packet reception notification after the lapse of a predetermined holding time, wherein the communication program causes the computer to perform:
a packet counting process of counting the number of received packets received by the network adapter per unit time; and
a parameter value changing process of changing, based on a counting result of the packet counting process, a timer parameter value for determining the holding time.
2. The computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon the communication program according to claim 1, wherein the parameter value changing process changes the timer parameter value to a smaller value if the counting result of the packet counting process is smaller than a preset target number of packets to be processed per unit time, and changes the timer parameter value to a larger value if the counting result of the packet counting process is larger than the target number of packets.
3. The computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon the communication program according to claim 1, further causing the computer to perform a simulation result storage process of performing a simulation in which a CPU usage rate for each of varied timer parameter values is measured for each of packet quantity ranges defined at predetermined intervals, and of storing the CPU usage rate for each timer parameter value as a simulation result in a storage unit in association with each packet quantity range, wherein based on the simulation result stored by the simulation result storage process, the parameter value changing process changes the timer parameter value to a value reflecting the counting result of the packet counting process and the CPU usage rate.
4. The computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon the communication program according to claim 1, further causing the computer to perform a CPU usage rate calculation process of calculating the CPU usage rate for each parameter value based on the counting result of the packet counting process, a preset communication processing time required for the communication processing, and a preset interrupt processing time required for the interrupt processing, wherein
the parameter value changing process changes the timer parameter value based on a calculation result of the CPU usage rate calculation process.
5. The computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon the communication program according to claim 1, wherein the parameter value changing process determines whether or not a predetermined time has passed since the last time the timer parameter value was changed, and if it is determined that the predetermined time has not passed, stops changing the timer parameter value.
6. A communication apparatus that performs communication processing of received packets in response to reception of interrupt processing, the interrupt processing being performed by a network adapter as a packet reception notification after the lapse of a predetermined holding time, the apparatus comprising:
packet counting means for counting the number of received packets received by the network adapter per unit time; and
parameter value changing means for changing, based on a counting result of the packet counting means, a timer parameter value for determining the holding time.
7. A communication method for performing communication processing of received packets in response to reception of interrupt processing, the interrupt processing being performed by a network adapter as a packet reception notification after the lapse of a predetermined holding time, the method comprising:
a packet counting step of counting the number of received packets received by the network adapter per unit time; and
a parameter value changing step of changing, based on a counting result in the packet counting step, a timer parameter value for determining the holding time.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A compound of the formula I
8
wherein:
R1, R2, R3, R4 independently of one another are H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN; N3, NO2, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2-phenyl, O-phenyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, S(O)0-2(C1-C8)-alkyl, S(O)0-2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, N(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl2, NHCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, NHCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; SO3H, SO2NH2, SO2-NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, SO2NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NHSO2NH2, NHSO2(C1-C8)-alkyl, NHSO2-(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2COOH, OCH2COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, CONH2, CONH(C1-C8)-alkyl, CON(C1-C8)-alkyl2, (C1-C8)-alkyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C2-C8)-alkynyl, wherein on the alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine, or one hydrogen may be replaced by OH, OC(O)CH3, OCH2-Ph, NH2, NHCOCH3 or N(COOCH2Ph)2;
an aryl radical wherein the aryl radical is phenyl, or 1- or 2-naphthyl; or
a heterocycle wherein the heterocycle is 5-tetrazolyl, 1-(C1-C6)-alkyl-5-tetrazolyl, 2-(C1-C6)-alkyl-5-tetrazolyl,
1-imidazolyl,
1- or 4-1,2,4-triazolyl,
2- or 3-thienyl,
2- or 3-furyl,
2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl,
2-, 4- or 5-oxazolyl,
3-, 4- or 5-isoxazolyl,
2-, 4- or 5-thiazolyl, or
3-, 4- or 5-isothiazolyl,
where the aryl radical or heterocycle may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CN, OH, (C1-C4)-alkyl, CF3, O(C1-C4)-alkyl, S(O)0-2(C1-C6)-alkyl, NH2, NHSO2(C1-C4)-alkyl, COOH, COO(C1-C4)-alkyl, or CONH2, and wherein on the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
X is S, SO, or SO2;
Y is (CH2)p, where p may be 0, 1, 2 or 3;
R5 is CF3, (C1-C18)-alkyl, (C3-C4)-cycloalkyl, or (C6-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein, on the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine; or R5 is
(CH2)rCOR6, where r1-6 and R6 may be OH, O(C1-C6)-alkyl or NH2; or R5 is
CH2CH(NHR7)-COR8, where R7 may be H or C(O)(C1-C4)-alkyl and R8 may be OH, O(C1-C6)-alkyl or NH2; or R5 is
Phenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, biphenyl or a heterocyclic radical, where the rings or ring systems of the phenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl or heterocyclic radical may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, S(O)0-2(C1-C8)-alkyl, S(O)0-2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, N(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl2, NHCO(C2-C8)-alkyl, NHCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; SO3H, SO2NH2, SO2NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, SO2NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; NHSO2-NH2, NHSO2(C1-C8)-alkyl, NHSO2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2COOH, OCH2COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, CONH2, CONH(C1-C8)-alkyl, CON(C1-C8)-alkyl2, (C1-C8)-alkyl, or (C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein on the alkyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
R9 is F, Cl, Br, CN, CF3, (C1-C18)-alkyl, (C3-C4)-cycloalkyl, or (C6-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein, on the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine; or R9 is
(CH2)rCOR6, where r9-16 and R6 may be OH, O(C1-C6)-alkyl or NH2; or R9 is
CH2CH(NHR7)-COR8 where R7 may be H or C(O)(C1-C4)-alkyl and R8 may be OH, O(C1-C6)-alkyl or NH2; or R9 is
(CH2)u-aryl or (CH2)u-heteroaryl, where u is 0 to 6 and aryl may be phenyl, 1- or 2-napthyl, biphenyl or a heterocyclic radical, where the rings or ring systems of aryl, heteroaryl or the heterocyclic radical may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, S(O)0-2(C1-C8)-alkyl, S(O)0-2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, N(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl2, NHCO(C2-C8)-alkyl, NHCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; SO3H, SO2NH2, SO2NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, SO2NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; NHSO2NH2, NHSO2(C1-C8)-alkyl, NHSO2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2COOH, OCH2COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, CONH2, CONH(C1-C8)-alkyl, CON(C1-C8)-alkyl2, (C1-C8)-alkyl, (C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein on the alkyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof;
provided that when R1, R2, R3 and R4 are all hydrogen, and XYR5 is S-phenyl, then R9 is other than phenyl.
2. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, wherein
R1, R2, R3, R4 independently of one another are H, F, Cl, Br, CN; N3, NO2, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2-phenyl, O-phenyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, (C1-C8)-alkyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C2-C8)-alkynyl, wherein, on the alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
an aryl radical wherein the aryl radical is phenyl,
or a heterocycle wherein the heterocycle is 1-imidazolyl,
where the aryl radical or heterocycle may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CN, OH, (C1-C4)-alkyl, CF3, O(C1-C4)-alkyl, and wherein, on the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
X is S, SO, SO2;
Y is (CH2)p, where p may be 0, 1, 2 or 3;
R5 is CF3, or (C1-C18)-alkyl, wherein, on the alkyl groups one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine; or R5 is
(CH2)rCOR6, where r is 1 to 6 and R6 may be OH, O(C1-C6)-alkyl or NH2; or R5 is
CH2CH(NHR7)-COR8, where R7 may be H or C(O)(C1-C4)-alkyl and R8 may be OH, O(C1-C6)-alkyl or, NH2; or R5 is
Phenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, biphenyl or a heterocyclic radical, where the rings or ring systems may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, S(O)0-2(C1-C8)-alkyl, S(O)0-2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, N(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl2, NHCO(C2-C8)-alkyl, NHCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; SO3H, SO2NH2, SO2NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, SO2NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; NHSO2NH2, NHSO2(C1-C8)-alkyl, NHSO2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2-COOH, OCH2COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, CONH2, CONH(C1-C8)-alkyl, CON(C1-C8)-alkyl2, (C1-C8)-alkyl, or (C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein, on the alkyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
R9 is F, Cl, Br, CN, CF3, (C1-C18)-alkyl, (C3-C4)-cycloalkyl, or (C6-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein, on the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine; or R9 is
(CH2)u-aryl or (CH2)u-heteroaryl, where u is 0 to 6 and aryl may be phenyl, 1- or 2-napthyl, biphenyl or a heterocyclic radical, where the rings or ring systems of aryl, heteroaryl, or the heterocyclic radical may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, S(O)0-2(C1-C8)-alkyl, S(O)0-2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, N(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl2, NHCO(C2-C8)-alkyl, NHCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; SO3H, SO2NH2, SO2NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, SO2NH(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl; NHSO2NH2, NHSO2(C1-C8)-alkyl, NHSO2(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2COOH, OCH2COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, COO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, CONH2, CONH(C1-C8)-alkyl, CON(C1-C8)-alkyl2, (C1-C8)-alkyl, or (C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, wherein, on the alkyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
and their physiologically acceptable salts;
provided that when R1, R2, R3 and R4 are all hydrogen, and XYR5 is S-phenyl, then R9 is other than phenyl.
3. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I wherein
R1, R2, R3, R4 independently of one another are H, F, Cl, Br, CN; N3, NO2, OH, O(C1-C8)-alkyl, O(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, OCH2-phenyl, O-phenyl, OCO(C1-C8)-alkyl, OCO(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, NH2, NH(C1-C8)-alkyl, N(C1-C8)-alkyl2, COOH, COO(C1-C8)-alkyl, (C1-C8)-alkyl, (C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C2-C8)-alkynyl, wherein on the alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups, in each case, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine,
or an aryl radical wherein the aryl radical is phenyl,
or heterocycle wherein heterocycle is 1-imidazolyl;
where the aryl radical or heterocycle may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CN, OH, (C1-C4)-alkyl, CF3, or O(C1-C4)-alkyl, and wherein, on the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine;
X is S, SO2;
Y is (CH2)p, where p may be 0 or 1;
R5 is CF3, or (C1-C8)-alkyl, wherein, on,the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine; or R5 is
phenyl, pyridinyl, where the rings of the phenyl and pyridinyl may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, or (C1-C8)-alkyl;
R9 is F, Cl, Br, (C1-C8)-alkyl, wherein, on, the alkyl groups, one to seven hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine; or R9 is
(CH2)u-phenyl, where phenyl may be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, (C1-C8)-alkyl;
and their physiologically acceptable salts;
provided that when R1, R2, R3 and R4 are all hydrogen, and XYR5 is S-phenyl, then R9 is other than phenyl.
4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
5. A method for reducing weight in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1.
6. A method for reducing weight in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition according to claim 4.
7. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of obesity in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1.
8. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of obesity in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition according to claim 4.
9. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of type II diabetes in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1.
10. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of a type II diabetes in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition according to claim 4.
11. A method for reducing weight in a mammal in need thereof comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically effective amount of a further pharmacologically active compound suitable for reducing weight in mammals.
12. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of obesity in a mammal in need thereof comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically effective amount of a further pharmacologically active compound suitable for reducing weight in mammals.
13. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of type II diabetes in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to such mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically effective amount of a further pharmacologically active compound suitable for reducing weight in mammals.
14. A process for preparing the compounds as claimed in claim 1, which comprises reacting, according to the formula scheme below
9
10
a compound of the formula II via a compound of the formula IV in which R9 is different from hydrogen and in which the radicals are as defined for formula I with a sulfur compound of the formula MXYR5 to give a compound of the formula I where XS and R9 is not hydrogen; and reacting compounds of the formula I in which XS and R9 is different from hydrogen with oxidizing agents to give compounds of the formula I in which XSO or SO2 and R9 is different from hydrogen; and converting compounds of the formula II where R9H into compounds of the formula I in which Y is a bond and XSO or SO2 and R9 is H, and converting the resulting compounds of the formula I in which XSO2 and R9 is H further into compounds in which R9 is not H and has the meanings given above.