1. A reacting apparatus comprising:
a reactor including a reacting section to which a reactant is supplied to cause a reaction of the reactant;
one or a plurality of terminal section provided in the reacting section; and
one or a plurality of conductive component including electrically conductive material, one end of which is connected to any one of the terminal section of the reactor,
wherein
at least one of the conductive component has a flow path provided inside thereof; and
at least a portion of the reactant is supplied to the reactor through the flow path.
2. The reacting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a cross section of the conductive component orthogonal to an extending direction is any one of rectangular, triangular or circular.
3. The reacting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conductive component includes a stress relieving structure with at least one of bending sections.
4. The reacting apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a heat insulating container which accommodates the reactor in which a pressure inside is lower than atmospheric pressure, wherein
the other end of the conductive component is drawn outside from the wall surface of the heat insulating container, and
the stress relieving structure is provided inside the heat insulating container between the wall surface and the terminal section of the reactor.
5. The reacting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the conductive component is bent in a serpentine shape in the stress relieving structure.
6. The reacting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the reactant includes fuel and an oxidizing agent,
the reactor includes a power generating cell to generate electric power with an electrochemical reaction of the fuel and the oxidizing agent,
the terminal section is a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal to output the electric power generated in the power generating cell,
the conductive component is an output electrode, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal or the negative output terminal, and the electric power generated in the power generating cell is output from the other end, and
at least one of the output electrode has the flow path inside thereof and at least one of the fuel and the oxidizing agent is supplied to the power generating cell through the flow path.
7. The reacting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a solid oxide electrolyte is used in the power generating cell.
8. The reacting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the reactor further includes a combustor to burn an unreacted fuel gas discharged from the electric power generation cell to heat the electric power generation cell.
9. The reacting apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a heat insulating container which accommodates the power generating cell and where a pressure inside is lower than atmospheric pressure, and wherein the other end of the output electrode is drawn outside from a wall surface of the heat insulating container.
10. The reacting apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a reformer, which is accommodated in the heat insulating container, and to which a raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen is supplied to generate the fuel from the raw fuel with heat propagated from the power generating cell.
11. The reacting apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising,
a reformer, which is accommodated in the heat insulating container, and to which a raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen is supplied to generate the fuel from the raw fuel with heat propagated from the power generating cell;
a first coupling section provided with a flow path to supply the raw fuel to the reformer from outside, in which one end penetrates a wall surface of the heat insulating container and is drawn outside and the other end is connected to the reformer; and
a second coupling section provided with a flow path to supply the fuel generated by the reformer to the power generating cell, in which one end is connected to the reformer, and the other end is connected to the power generating cell, wherein
the oxidizing agent is supplied to the power generating cell through the flow path of the output electrode.
12. The reacting apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the raw fuel is a liquid, and in the first coupling section a vaporizer is provided to vaporize the raw fuel with the heat propagated from the reformer and to supply the vaporized raw fuel to the reformer.
13. The reacting apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first coupling section, the reformer, the second coupling section and the output electrode are formed from Ni-based alloy.
14. A reacting apparatus comprising:
a heat insulating container in which a pressure inside is lower than atmospheric pressure;
a reactor which is accommodated in the heat insulating container and including a reacting section to which a reactant is supplied to cause a reaction of the reactant;
one or a plurality of terminal section provided in the reacting section; and
one or a plurality of conductive component including electrically conductive material, one end of the conductive component being connected to any one of the terminal section of the reactor and the other end is drawn outside from a wall surface of the heat insulating container,
wherein
at least one of the conductive component has a flow path provided inside thereof; and
at least a portion of the reactant is supplied to the reactor through the flow path.
15. The reacting apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the conductive component includes a stress relieving structure with at least one of bending sections which is provided inside the heat insulating container between the wall surface and the terminal section of the power generating cell.
16. The reacting apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the reactant includes fuel and an oxidizing agent,
the reformer includes a power generating cell to generate electric power with an electrochemical reaction of the fuel and the oxidizing agent,
the terminal section is a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal to output the electric power generated in the power generating cell,
at least one of the conductive component is an output electrode, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal or the negative output terminal, and the electric power generated in the power generating cell is output from the other end, and
at least one of the output electrode has the flow path inside thereof and at least one of the fuel and the oxidizing agent is supplied to the power generating cell through the flow path.
17. The reacting apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the reactor includes a reformer to which a raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen is supplied to generate the fuel from the raw fuel with heat propagated from the power generating cell.
18. The reacting apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising,
a reformer, which is accommodated in the heat insulating container, and to which a raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen is supplied to generate the fuel from the raw fuel with heat propagated from the power generating cell;
a first coupling section provided with a flow path to supply the raw fuel to the reformer from outside, in which one end penetrates a wall surface of the heat insulating container and is drawn outside and the other end is connected to the reformer; and
a second coupling section provided with a flow path to supply the fuel generated by the reformer to the power generating cell, in which one end is connected to the reformer, and the other end is connected to the power generating cell, and wherein
the oxidizing agent is supplied to the power generating cell through the flow path of the output electrode.
19. The reacting apparatus according to claim 16, wherein a solid oxide electrolyte is used in the power generating cell.
20. An electronic device, comprising:
a power generating cell to which fuel and an oxidizing agent is supplied to generate electric power with an electrochemical reaction of the fuel and the oxidizing agent, and which includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal to output the generated electric power;
a plurality of output electrodes to output electric power generated in the power generating cell, each of which includes electrically conductive material, one end of each of which is connected to the positive output terminal or the negative output terminal; and
a load driven by the electric power output from the output electrodes, wherein
at least one of the output electrodes has a flow path provided inside thereof to supply at least one of the fuel and the oxidizing agent to the power generating cell.
21. The electronic device according to claim 20, further comprising a heat insulating container which accommodates the power generating cell and where a pressure inside is lower than atmospheric pressure, wherein the other end of the output electrode is drawn outside from a wall surface of the heat insulating container.
22. The electronic device according to claim 21, wherein the output electrode includes a stress relieving structure with at least one of bending sections inside the heat insulating container between the wall surface and the terminal section of the power generating cell.
23. The electronic device according to claim 21, wherein a solid oxide electrolyte is used in the power generating cell.
24. The electronic device according to claim 21, further comprising a reformer, accommodated in the heat insulating container, to which a raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen is supplied to generate the fuel from the raw fuel with heat propagated from the power generating cell.
25. The electronic device according to claim 21, further comprising,
a reformer, which is accommodated in the heat insulating container, and to which a raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen is supplied to generate the fuel from the raw fuel with heat propagated from the power generating cell;
a first coupling section provided with a flow path to supply the raw fuel to the reformer, in which one end penetrates the wall surface of the heat insulating container and is drawn outside and the other end is connected to the reformer; and
a second coupling section provided with a flow path to supply the fuel generated by the reformer to the power generating cell, in which one end is connected to the reformer, and the other end is connected to the power generating cell, wherein
the oxidizing agent is supplied to the power generating cell through the flow path of the output electrode.
26. The reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the reactant includes raw fuel having a composition including hydrogen,
the reactor includes a reformer to generate fuel including a hydrogen molecule from the raw fuel and an electric heater to heat the reformer,
the terminal section is input terminals provided on both ends of the electric heater,
the conductive component is an input electrode, one end of which is connected to one of the input terminals, and the other end of which supplies electric power to the electric heater,
at least one of the input electrode has a flow path provided inside thereof, and
the raw fuel is supplied to the reformer through the flow path.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus for converting a source frame signal at a first frame rate to a destination frame signal at a second frame rate, the apparatus comprising:
a converter for converting the source frame signal to the destination frame signal having a destination clock signal at a destination clock frequency; and
a frequency synthesizer for generating the destination clock signal at the destination clock frequency,
wherein the destination frame signal includes a last horizontal line defined by a last horizontal sync signal and a vertical sync signal, the last horizontal sync signal being the last of a plurality of horizontal sync signals and the vertical sync signal being generated synchronously with the last horizontal sync signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the source frame signal is at a first resolution and the destination frame signal is at a second resolution.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
a buffer for storing at least a part of the source frame signal,
wherein the frequency synthesizer adjusts the destination clock frequency by decreasing the destination clock frequency to prevent underflow in the buffer or by increasing the destination clock frequency to prevent overflow in the buffer.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the frequency synthesizer adjusts the destination clock frequency by decreasing the destination clock frequency when the second frame rate is faster than the first frame rate or by increasing the destination clock frequency when the second frame rate is slower than the first frame rate.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first frame rate and the second frame rate are substantially the same.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the converter receives the source frame signal at a source clock frequency, and the destination clock signal is independent of the source clock frequency.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the frequency synthesizer is a phase-locked loop.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the converter is a scaler.
9. A method of frame synchronization for converting a source frame signal to a destination frame signal, wherein the source frame signal is received at a first frame rate and the destination frame signal is output at a second frame rate, the method comprising the following steps:
generating the destination frame signal according to the source frame signal, wherein the destination frame signal includes a destination clock signal at a destination clock frequency;
dynamically adjusting the destination clock frequency; and
generating a vertical sync signal synchronously with a last horizontal sync signal,
wherein the destination frame signal includes a last horizontal line defined by the last horizontal sync signal and the vertical sync signal.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the source frame signal is at a first resolution and the destination frame signal is at a second resolution.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the step of adjusting the destination clock frequency is executed by decreasing the destination clock frequency to prevent underflow or by increasing the destination clock frequency to prevent overflow.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the step of adjusting the destination clock frequency is executed by decreasing the destination clock frequency when the second frame rate is faster than the first frame rate or by increasing the destination clock frequency when the second frame rate is slower than the first frame rate.
13. The method of claim 9 wherein the destination clock frequency has a first resolution such that the first frame rate and the second frame rate are substantially the same.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the destination clock frequency is adjusted utilizing an adjustment resolution being approximately satisfied by
Adjustment
\u2062
\u2003
\u2062
resolution
<
1
2
\u2062
(
HorizontalVisible
)
HorizontalTotal
\xb7
VerticalTotal
,
wherein the HorizontalVisible parameter refers to the number of visible pixels in each horizontal line, the HorizontalTotalparameter refers to the total number of pixel data for each horizontal line, the VerticalTotal parameter refers to the total number of horizontal lines in each frame.
15. A method of frame synchronization for converting a source frame signal to a destination frame signal, wherein the source frame signal is received at a first frame rate and the destination frame signal is output at a second frame rate, the method comprising the following steps:
generating the destination frame signal according to the source frame signal, wherein the destination frame signal includes a destination clock signal at a destination clock frequency;
dynamically adjusting a period of the destination frame signal; and
generating a vertical sync signal synchronously with a last horizontal sync signal,
wherein the destination frame signal includes a last horizontal line defined by the last horizontal sync signal and the vertical sync signal.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the source frame signal is at a first resolution and the destination frame signal is at a second resolution.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the step of adjusting the destination clock frequency is executed by decreasing the destination clock frequency to prevent underflow or by increasing the destination clock frequency to prevent overflow.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the step of adjusting the destination clock frequency is executed by decreasing the destination clock frequency when the second frame rate is faster than the first frame rate or by increasing the destination clock frequency when the second frame rate is slower than the first frame rate.
19. The method of claim 15 wherein the destination clock frequency has a first resolution such that the first frame rate and the second frame rate are substantially the same.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein the destination clock frequency is adjusted utilizing an adjustment resolution being approximately satisfied by
Adjustment
\u2062
\u2003
\u2062
resolution
<
1
2
\u2062
(
HorizontalVisible
)
HorizontalTotal
\xb7
VerticalTotal
,
wherein the HorizontalVisible parameter refers to the number of visible pixels in each horizontal line, the HorizontalTotal parameter refers to the total number of pixel data for each horizontal line, the VerticalTotal parameter refers to the total number of horizontal lines in each frame.