1. A white organic light emitting diode, comprising:
an emission layer arranged between a first electrode and a second electrode,
wherein the emission layer comprises a blue emission layer and an emission layer excluding blue, the emission layer being capable of emitting white light, and
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a phosphorescent material and a mixture comprising a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material.
2. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a yellow emission layer.
3. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a green and red mixed emission layer.
4. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a green emission layer and a red emission layer.
5. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the blue emission layer comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of FIrpic, biphenylanthracene, and 4,4\u2032-bis(diphenylamino)stilbene.
6. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the hole transporting material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of 1,3,5-triscarbazolylbenzene; 4,4\u2032-biscarbazolylbiphenyl; polyvinylcarbazole; m-biscarbazolylbiphenyl; 4,4\u2032-biscarbazolyl-2,2\u2032-dimethylbiphenyl; 4,4\u2032,4\u2033-tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine; 1,3,5-tris(2-carbazolylphenyl)benzene; 1,3,5-tris(2-carbazolyl-5-methoxyphenyl)benzene; and Bi(4-carbazolylphenyl)silane.
7. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the electron transporting material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of bis(8-hydroxyquinolato)biphenoxy aluminum; bis(8-hydroxyquinolato)phenoxy aluminum; bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolato)biphenoxy aluminum; bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolato)phenoxy aluminum; bis(2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)quinolato)zinc; (4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol; 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-9,10-phenanthroline(BCP); 2,4,6-tris(diarylamino)-1,3,5-triazine; and 3-phenyl-4-( 1 \u2032-naphthyl)-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol.
8. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the weight ratio of the hole transporting material to the electron transporting material is about 1:9 to 9:1.
9. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the phosphorescent material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of Ir(pq)2acac, Ir(piq)2acac, and Irppy3.
10. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the amount of the phosphorescent material is about 1 to 20 percent by weight of the mixture of the hole transporting material and the electron transporting material.
11. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the blue emission layer is about 10 to 50 nm thick.
12. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 2,
wherein the yellow emission layer is about 10 to 50 nm thick.
13. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 3,
wherein the green and red mixed emission layer is about 10 to 50 nm thick.
14. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 4,
wherein the green emission layer is about 5 to 45 nm thick, and
the red emission layer is about 5 to 45 nm thick.
15. A method of manufacturing a white organic light emitting diode, the method comprising:
forming a first electrode on a substrate;
forming a blue emission layer on the first electrode;
forming an emission layer excluding blue on the blue emission layer; and
forming a second electrode on the emission layer excluding blue,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue is formed by doping a mixture of hole transporting material and electron transporting material with phosphorescent material.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
forming a hole injecting layer or a hole transporting layer between the first electrode and the blue emission layer; and
forming a hole blocking layer, an electron transporting layer, or an electron injecting layer between the emission layer excluding blue and the second electrode.
17. The method of claim 15,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a yellow emission layer, a green and red mixed emission layer, or a green emission layer and a red emission layer.
18. The method of claim 15,
wherein the amount of phosphorescent material is about 1 to 20% by weight of the mixture of the hole transporting material and the electron transporting material.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for permitting a potential purchaser to review at least part of the subject matter of a document without being informed of the document’s bibliographic data and for assuring payment to a seller if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document, comprising:
receiving from the potential seller at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document;
obtaining an original version of the document if not received from the potential seller;
generating a new version of the document which does not contain the document’s bibliographic data and which does contain at least part of the subject matter of the original version of the document;
providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser;
obtaining from the potential purchaser an obligation to pay a purchase price if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document; and
providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
5. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising carrying out a purchase transaction electronically and securely using a protocol selected from the group comprising: a) a credit card authorization, b) a debit card transfer, and c) another form of electronic payment.
7. A method for permitting a potential purchaser to review at least part of the subject matter of a document which potentially has a bearing on a patent under test without being informed of the document’s bibliographic data and for assuring payment to a seller if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document, comprising:
providing to the potential seller data identifying the patent under test;
receiving from the potential seller at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document;
obtaining an original version of the document if not received from the potential seller;
generating a new version of the document which does not contain the document’s bibliographic data and which does contain at least part of the subject matter of the document;
providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser;
obtaining from the potential purchaser an obligation to pay a purchase price if the purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document; and
providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data identifying the patent under test further comprises providing to the potential seller data in an electronic format identifying the patent under test.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data in an electronic format identifying the patent under test further comprises providing to the potential seller data via an internet web page identifying the patent under test.
14. The method of claim 7, further comprising providing to the potential seller data identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art further comprises providing to the potential seller data in an electronic form identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data in an electronic form identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art further comprises providing to the potential seller data via an internet web page identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art.
17. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of providing to the potential purchaser data selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the step of providing to the potential purchaser data selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published further comprises providing to the potential purchaser data in an electronic form selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of providing to the potential purchaser data in an electronic form selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published further comprises providing to the potential purchaser data via a web page on the internet selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published.
20. The method of claim 7, further comprising carrying out a purchase transaction electronically and securely using a protocol selected from the group comprising: a) a credit card authorization, b) a debit card transfer, and c) another form of electronic payment.