1. A mammography apparatus, comprising:
an x-ray radiation detector for detecting an x-ray radiation image of a subject and generating an electrical signal corresponding to the x-ray radiation image, and
a housing for housing the x-ray radiation detector,
a base for supporting the housing, the base having a horizontal shaft, and the housing being rotatable with respect to the base about the horizontal shaft,
wherein the housing includes a wall inclined with respect to a detection surface of the x-ray radiation detector,
wherein the wall includes an inner wall surface defining a space inclined with respect to the detection surface,
wherein the wall includes a contact surface that is positioned between a breast of the subject and the x-ray radiation detector so as to contact the breast,
wherein the inner wall surface is inclined upwardly in a direction away from a front end of the housing that abuts against a chest wall of the subject, and
wherein the housing comprises a circumference that includes part of the wall, and wherein an upper side of the circumference is inclined upwardly in a direction away from a front end of the housing irrespective of a rotational orientation of the housing, and the front end abuts against a chest wall of the subject.
2. The mammography apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes an inlet channel formed at a level lower than the space in order to introduce outside air into the space, and an outlet channel formed at a level higher than the space in order to discharge the air that has passed through the space.
3. The mammography apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wall includes a curved portion.
4. The mammography apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the wall further includes a flat portion, only the flat portion facing the x-ray radiation detector.
5. The mammography apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the circumference of the housing is provided with a plurality of outlet openings formed in a base side of the housing.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of reporting Post-Dial-Delay (PDD) information within a communications network, comprising:
detecting a request to initiate a call session from a first terminal to a second terminal;
storing first time information indicative of when the request to initiate the call session is detected;
transmitting a call invite message to the second terminal;
receiving a call answer from the second terminal in response to the call invite message;
storing second time information indicative of when the call answer is received; and
sending, from the first terminal, PDD information based on the first and second time information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detected request corresponds to a user of the first terminal dialing a phone number of the second terminal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the received call answer corresponds to a ringtone.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the second time information indicates the time the first terminal receives a message instructing the first terminal to play the ringtone.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the second time information indicates the time at which the ringtone begins playing.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sending step sends the first and second time information as the PDD information.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sending step sends the first and second time information concurrently.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the sending step sends the first and second time information during call setup.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
transmitting a provisional acknowledgment (PRACK) to the call answer,
wherein the sending step sends the first and second time information within the PRACK.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the sending step sends the first and second time information at different times.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first time information is sent within the call invite message.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
transmitting a provisional acknowledgment (PRACK) to the call answer,
wherein the sending step sends the second time information within the PRACK.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
calculating the PDD at the first terminal based on the first and second time information,
wherein the sending step sends the calculated PDD as the PDD information.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
transmitting a provisional acknowledgment (PRACK) to the call answer,
wherein the sending step sends the calculated PDD within the PRACK.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the sending step further includes:
encoding the calculated PDD with a mapping protocol that indicates one of a plurality of delay ranges.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the sending step sends the PDD information within one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the call session is a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) session.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first terminal is a VoIP terminal and the second terminal is not a VoIP terminal.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein the first and second terminals are VoIP terminals.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more of the first and second terminals are wireless devices.
21. A method of acquiring Post-Dial-Delay (PDD) information within a communications network, comprising:
receiving at least one message from a first terminal that indicates PDD information related to a call session between the first terminal and a second terminal, the at least one message being a signaling message defined by a communication protocol associated with the call session;
forwarding the at least one message to the second terminal; and
extracting, from the at least one message, the PDD information.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the first terminal initiates the call session, the PDD information includes first time information and second time information, the first time information based on when a request to initiate the call session is detected at the first terminal, and the second time information based on when a call answer message is received from the second terminal at the first terminal.
23. The method of claim 22, further comprising:
transferring a call invite from the first terminal to the second terminal;
transferring a call answer in response to the call invite from the second terminal to the first terminal; and
transferring a provisional acknowledgment (PRACK) to the call answer from the first terminal to the second terminal.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the receiving step receives the at least one message during call setup.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the at least one message corresponds to the PRACK, such that the extracting step extracts the first and second time information from the PRACK.
26. The method of claim 24, wherein the at least one message corresponds to the call invite and the PRACK, such that the extracting step extracts the first information from the call invite and the second time information from the PRACK.
27. The method of claim 22, wherein the at least one message corresponds to a single message and the extracting step extracts the first and second time information from the single message.
28. The method of claim 22, wherein the at least one message corresponds to multiple messages and the extracting step extracts the first and second time information from different of the multiple messages.
29. The method of claim 22, further comprising:
calculating the PDD of the call session based on the first and second time information.
30. The method of claim 21, wherein the received PDD information corresponds to a calculated PDD of the call session that is calculated at the first terminal.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein the calculated PDD is encoded with a mapping protocol that indicates one of a plurality of delay ranges.
32. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one message corresponds to one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
33. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
generating a PDD report based on the received PDD information; and
sending the PDD report to a network management server.
34. The method of claim 33, the generating and sending the PDD report steps are performed upon receipt of the PDD information.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein the generating and sending the PDD report steps are performed in response to a request for PDD information from the network management server.
36. The method of claim 33, wherein the generating step includes post-processing the received PDD information.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein post-processing the received PDD information includes generating one or more output metrics that are used by the network management server in evaluating the wireless communications network.
38. The method of claim 33, wherein the generating step does not include post-processing the received PDD information, such that the network management server is responsible for post-processing the received PDD information.
39. The method of claim 21, wherein the call session is a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) session.
40. The method of claim 21, wherein the first terminal is a VoIP terminal and the second terminal is not a VoIP terminal.
41. The method of claim 21, wherein the first and second terminals are VoIP terminals.
42. The method of claim 21, wherein one or more of the first and second terminals are wireless devices.
43. A first terminal within a communications network, comprising:
means for detecting a request to initiate a call session from the first terminal to a second terminal;
means for storing first time information indicative of when the means for detecting detects the request to initiate the call session;
means for transmitting a call invite message to the second terminal;
means for receiving a call answer from the second terminal in response to the call invite message;
means for storing second time information indicative of when the means for receiving receives the call answer; and
means for sending, from the first terminal, Post-Dial-Delay (PDD) information based on the first and second time information.
44. The first terminal of claim 43, wherein the means for sending sends the first and second time information as the PDD information.
45. The first terminal of claim 43, further comprising:
means for calculating the PDD at the first terminal based on the first and second time information,
wherein the means for sending sends the calculated PDD as the PDD information.
46. The first terminal of claim 43, wherein the means for sending sends the PDD information within one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
47. A server within a communications network, comprising:
means for receiving at least one message from a first terminal that indicates Post Dial Delay (PDD) information related to a call session between the first terminal and a second terminal, the at least one message being a signaling message defined by a communication protocol associated with the call session;
means for forwarding the at least one message to the second terminal; and
means for extracting, from the at least one message, the PDD information.
48. The server of claim 47, wherein the first terminal initiates the call session, the PDD information includes first time information and second time information, the first time information based on when a request to initiate the call session is detected at the first terminal, and the second time information based on when a call answer message is received from the second terminal at the first terminal.
49. The server of claim 48, further comprising:
means for calculating the PDD of the call session based on the first and second time information.
50. The server of claim 47, wherein the received PDD information corresponds to a calculated PDD of the call session that is calculated at the first terminal.
51. The server of claim 47, wherein the at least one message corresponds to one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
52. A first terminal within a communications network, comprising:
logic configured to detect a request to initiate a call session from the first terminal to a second terminal;
logic configured to store first time information indicative of when the logic configured to detect detects the request to initiate the call session;
logic configured to transmit a call invite message to the second terminal;
logic configured to receive a call answer from the second terminal in response to the call invite message;
logic configured to store second time information indicative of when the logic configured to receive receives the call answer; and
logic configured to send, from the first terminal, Post-Dial-Delay (PDD) information based on the first and second time information.
53. The first terminal of claim 52, wherein the logic configured to send sends the first and second time information as the PDD information.
54. The first terminal of claim 52, further comprising:
logic configured to calculate the PDD at the first terminal based on the first and second time information,
wherein the logic configured to send sends the calculated PDD as the PDD information.
55. The first terminal of claim 52, wherein the logic configured to send sends the PDD information within one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
56. A server within a communications network, comprising:
logic configured to receive at least one message from a first terminal that indicates Post Dial Delay (PDD) information related to a call session between the first terminal and a second terminal, the at least one message being a signaling message defined by a communication protocol associated with the call session;
logic configured to forward the at least one message to the second terminal; and
logic configured to extract, from the at least one message, the PDD information.
57. The server of claim 56, wherein the first terminal initiates the call session, the PDD information includes first time information and second time information, the first time information based on when a request to initiate the call session is detected at the first terminal, and the second time information based on when a call answer message is received from the second terminal at the first terminal.
58. The server of claim 57, further comprising:
logic configured to calculate the PDD of the call session based on the first and second time information.
59. The server of claim 56, wherein the received PDD information corresponds to a calculated PDD of the call session that is calculated at the first terminal.
60. The server of claim 56, wherein the at least one message corresponds to one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
61. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions, which, when executed by a first terminal within a wireless communications network, cause the first terminal to perform operations, the instructions comprising:
program code to detect a request to initiate a call session from the first terminal to a second terminal;
program code to store first time information indicative of when the program code to detect detects the request to initiate the call session;
program code to transmit a call invite message to the second terminal;
program code to receive a call answer from the second terminal in response to the call invite message;
program code to store second time information indicative of when the program code to receive receives the call answer; and
program code to send, from the first terminal, Post-Dial-Delay (PDD) information based on the first and second time information.
62. The first terminal of claim 61, wherein the program code to send sends the first and second time information as the PDD information.
63. The first terminal of claim 62, further comprising:
program code to calculate the PDD at the first terminal based on the first and second time information,
wherein the program code to send sends the calculated PDD as the PDD information.
64. The first terminal of claim 61, wherein the program code to send sends the PDD information within one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.
65. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions, which, when executed by a server within a wireless communications network, cause the server to perform operations, the instructions comprising:
program code to receive at least one message from a first terminal that indicates Post Dial Delay (PDD) information related to a call session between the first terminal and a second terminal, the at least one message being a signaling message defined by a communication protocol associated with the call session;
program code to forward the at least one message to the second terminal; and
program code to extract, from the at least one message, the PDD information.
66. The computer-readable of claim 65, wherein the first terminal initiates the call session, the PDD information includes first time information and second time information, the first time information based on when a request to initiate the call session is detected at the first terminal, and the second time information based on when a call answer message is received from the second terminal at the first terminal.
67. The computer-readable of claim 66, further comprising:
program code to calculate the PDD of the call session based on the first and second time information.
68. The computer-readable of claim 65, wherein the received PDD information corresponds to a calculated PDD of the call session that is calculated at the first terminal.
69. The computer-readable of claim 65, wherein the at least one message corresponds to one or more signaling messages of a communication protocol that supports the call session.