1. A venting apparatus having an opening therein for venting an enclosure, said venting apparatus comprising:
a porous venting element affixed within said venting apparatus and forming a liquid-tight, gas-permeable seal of said opening,
said porous venting element having a porosity of less than 80% and comprising at least one surface indentation having a z axis differential of at least 12 microns.
2. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the z axis differential of said surface indentation is at least 15 micron.
3. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the z axis differential of said surface indentation is at least 20 micron.
4. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the z axis differential of said surface indentation is at least 25 micron.
5. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the said porous venting element has a porosity of less than 75%.
6. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein in said surface indentation covers about 2% area of the surface of the venting element.
7. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein in said surface indentation covers about 20% area of the surface of the venting element.
8. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein in said surface indentation covers about 40% area of the surface of the venting element.
9. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein said porous venting element has at least one oleophobic surface.
10. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the porous venting element comprises PTFE.
11. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the porous venting element comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Polyethersulfone, Polysulfone, Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene, Polyethylene, vinyl polymers, styrenes, polyvinylchlorides, acrylates, methacrylates, Polypropylene, Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF), Polycarbonate, Cellulose acetate, tetrafluoroethylenehexafluoropropylenecopolymers (FEP), tetrafluoroethyleneperfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copoylmers (PFA).
12. The venting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the porous venting element comprises PTFE having compressed regions and uncompressed regions.
13. A venting apparatus having an opening therein for venting an enclosure, said venting apparatus comprising:
porous venting element affixed within and forming a liquid-tight, gas-permeable seal of said opening,
wherein said porous venting element comprises at least one surface indentation,
said indented porous venting element exceeds the airflow recovery of an other wise identical un-patterned base venting element.
14. The venting apparatus of claim 2 wherein the indented porous venting element exceeds the air flow recovery of the un-patterned base venting element by at least 5%.
15. The venting apparatus of claim 2 wherein the indented porous venting element exceeds the air flow recovery of the un-patterned base venting element by at least 10%.
16. The venting apparatus of claim 2 wherein the indented porous venting element exceeds the air flow recovery of the un-patterned base venting element by at least 15%.
17. A method of venting a liquid tight enclosure, the method comprising:
a) providing an opening in the enclosure,
b) providing a porous polymer having a porosity of less than 80%,
c) forming indentations in a portion of a surface of said porous polymer,
d) said indentations having a depth greater than 12 microns, and
e) covering said opening with said porous polymer to form a liquid-tight and gas-permeable seal of said opening.
18. A venting apparatus having an opening therein for venting an enclosure, said venting apparatus comprising:
a porous venting element affixed within and forming a liquid-tight, gas-permeable seal of said opening,
wherein said porous venting element comprises at least one surface indentation that provides effective pressure decay of said porous venting element after liquid contact.
19. A venting apparatus having an opening therein for venting an enclosure, said venting apparatus comprising:
a porous venting element affixed within and forming a liquid-tight, gas-permeable seal of said opening,
said porous venting element having a porosity of less than 80% and a surface pattern comprising two or more adjacent surface regions, wherein at least one surface region has a repellant power of at least 1.3 milliNewton\u22121 greater than an adjacent region.
20. The venting apparatus of claim 19 in which a surface region has an area x-y plane of at least about 5 um2 and less than about 5 cm2.
21. The venting apparatus of claim 19 in which wherein at least one surface region has a repellant power of at least 2.5 milliNewton-1 greater than an adjacent region.
22. A method of increasing the airflow recovery of a porous venting element, the method comprising increasing repellant power in at least one region of the surface of said porous venting element to create a porous venting element surface having regions of different repellant power.
23. The method of claim 22 in which the repellant power is increased by compressing a portion of the porous venting element to reduce the surface porosity of said porous venting element.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1-35. (canceled)
36. A receiver arrangement configured to receive television signals, comprising:
at least one signal path with a connection for coupling to an antenna, the signal path having a frequency conversion device with a signal input, a local oscillator input (LO, LO-) and an output (IF, IF-) which is designed for conversion of a signal applied on the input side to an intermediate frequency,
a first amplifier having a gain that compensates for signal level loss in a filter which is connected downstream from the first amplifier, with the first amplifier being coupled to the output of the frequency conversion device; and
an intermediate-frequency amplifier with a variable gain factor, which is coupled to the first amplifier;
with at least the frequency conversion device and the first amplifier being formed in a common semiconductor body.
37. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the intermediate-frequency amplifier is formed in the semiconductor body.
38. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the frequency conversion device is in the form of a Gilbert mixer with a Gilbert cell.
39. The receiver arrangement of claim 38, wherein a first and a second control connection of the Gilbert cell form the local oscillator input (LO, LO-), and the first control connection is connected to one connection of a first charge store (C12) and to one connection of a second charge store (C21), and the second control connection is connected to one connection of a third charge store (C11) and to one connection of a fourth charge store (C22), with the other connection of the first and of the fourth charge store (C12, C22) being connected to the second output (IF-), and the other connection of the second and of the third charge store (C21, C11) being connected to the second output (IF) of the frequency conversion device.
40. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the signal input of the frequency conversion device is preceded by a first filter device with a variable pass band which has a first and a second control connection for supplying a first and a second control signal (Vt, Vk) for adjustment of the pass band.
41. The receiver arrangement of claim 40, wherein the first filter device is in the form of a tracking filter outside the semiconductor body.
42. The receiver arrangement of claim 40, wherein the first filter device has at least one capacitance diode (D1, D2) with a variable capacitance, whose first connection is coupled to the first control connection, and whose second connection is coupled to the second control connection.
43. The receiver arrangement of claim 40, wherein the first filter device has a charge store (CS), which is connected between a signal input and a signal output of the first filter device, for mirror-image frequency suppression.
44. The receiver arrangement of claim 40, wherein the first control connection is designed to supply a control signal (Vt) for adjustment of the pass band, and the second control connection is designed to supply a correction signal (Vk) for trimming and for correction of the pass band.
45. The receiver arrangement of claim 44, wherein the second control connection is coupled to a digitalanalog converter for foot point adjustment, where the digitalanalog converter is designed to convert a digital correction value to an analog correction signal (Vk), and to supply the correction signal (Vk) to the second control connection.
46. The receiver arrangement of claim 45, wherein the digitalanalog converter is formed in the semiconductor body.
47. The receiver arrangement of claim 45, wherein the digital correction value is stored in a memory which is coupled to the digitalanalog converter.
48. The receiver arrangement of claim 47, wherein the memory comprises at least one of EPROM, EEPROM and FlashPROM.
49. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the filter is connected downstream from the first amplifier and is in the form of an external filter outside the semiconductor body.
50. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the first amplifier is coupled via a second filter device to the output of the frequency conversion device.
51. The receiver arrangement of claim 50, wherein the second filter device has a connection for supplying a supply potential (Vc), which is coupled via an inductive element (L1, L2) to the output (IF, IF-) of the frequency conversion device.
52. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the first amplifier is in the form of an impedance converter.
53. The receiver arrangement of claim 51, wherein the second filter device is arranged outside the semiconductor body.
54. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the filter is connected downstream from the first amplifier and is in the form of a surface acoustic wave filter.
55. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the filter is connected downstream from the first amplifier and is in the form of an active tunable RC filter with a low-pass or bandpass filter characteristic.
56. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the filter is connected downstream from the first amplifier and is a control input for supplying a control signal (VR) for switching the filter bandwidth of the filter.
57. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the filter is connected downstream from the first amplifier and has a first and a second input connection, which is coupled to the output of the first amplifier, and the filter is designed with a variable filter bandwidth as a function of the phase difference between signals which are applied to the connections.
58. The receiver arrangement of claim 57, wherein the downstream filter is designed to change its filter bandwidth as a function of a push-pull signal or single ended signal applied to its input side.
59. The receiver arrangement of claim 58, wherein the first amplifier is designed to selectively emit a single ended signal or a push-pull signal.
60. The receiver arrangement of claim 40, wherein the first filter device is preceded by an input amplifier with a continuously variable gain, which has a control input for gain adjustment.
61. The receiver arrangement of claim 60, wherein the first amplifier is connected to a level detector, which is designed to emit a control signal (AGC) for adjustment of the gain of the input amplifier.
62. The receiver arrangement of claim 60, wherein the frequency conversion device is designed to emit a signal which represents an input signal level to a circuit for production of a control signal (AGC) for adjustment of the gain of the input amplifier.
63. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the frequency conversion device has two controlled paths, which are connected between a first and a second potential and whose control connections are connected to the signal input of the at least one frequency conversion device and whose first and second connections are coupled to a threshold value detector to form a broadband level detector.
64. The receiver arrangement of claim 36, wherein the intermediate-frequency amplifier and the first amplifier have an operating mode with a reduced consumption, and a control input for supplying a signal for reducing the power consumption.
65. A receiver arrangement configured to receive television signals, comprising:
a filter with a variable pass band, designed with a first control connection for supplying a first control signal (Vt) for adjustment of the pass band, and a second control connection for supplying a correction signal (Vk) for trimming and correction of the pass band, with the correction signal being derived from a digital correction value;
a frequency conversion device with a signal input, a local oscillator input (LO, LO-) and an output (IF, IF-) for conversion of a signal which is applied to the input side to an intermediate frequency, which is connected on an input side of the filter;
a first amplifier with a gain that compensates for signal level loss in a second filter connected downstream from the first amplifier, with the first amplifier coupled to the output of the frequency conversion device, and
an intermediate frequency amplifier having a variable gain factor, which is coupled to the first amplifier;
with the frequency conversion device and the first amplifier being formed in a common semiconductor body.
66. The receiver arrangement of claim 65, wherein the filter has a charge store (CS) connected between a signal input and a signal output of the filter for mirror image frequency suppression.