1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a multilayer substrate having upper and lower surfaces and a permittivity;
a semiconductor element secured to said upper surface of said multilayer substrate;
an intra-substrate via that is connected electrically to said semiconductor element and located in said multilayer substrate, extending to said lower surface of said multilayer substrate;
a first metal pattern located on a portion of said lower surface of said multilayer substrate;
a second metal pattern in contact with a lower end of said intra-substrate via;
a dielectric having a higher permittivity than the permittivity of said multilayer substrate and located on said lower surface of said multilayer substrate, covering said first and second metal patterns;
a first intra-dielectric via located in said dielectric, connected at an upper end to said first metal pattern and extending to a lower surface of said dielectric;
a second intra-dielectric via located in said dielectric, connected at an upper end to said second metal pattern, and extending to said lower surface of said dielectric;
a ground pattern connected to a lower end of said first intra-dielectric via; and
a bottom surface electrode connected to a lower end of said second intra-dielectric via, wherein
a portion of said first metal pattern is disposed on said dielectric directly opposite a portion of said bottom surface electrode, and
said bottom surface electrode, said dielectric, and said first metal pattern together, constitute a bypass capacitor.
2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein said dielectric has a relative permittivity of at least 1000.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A desmodromic transmission engine comprising:
at least three pistons, where each piston comprises a cylinder and where each piston is adapted to alternately slide in its own cylinder;
a rotating transmission shaft, the rotating transmission shaft having a rotation axis B-B and comprising at least one cylindrical portion whose rotation axis C-C is slanted with respect to the axis B-B; and
at least one transmission member adapted to desmodromically cooperate with the transmission shaft next to the cylindrical portion, each one of diametrically opposed ends of the transmission member being adapted to cooperate, by interposing a linkage member, with a respective piston, coordinate members of the pistons being adapted to determine a periodic oscillation on more than one axis of the transmission member, the oscillation having as fulcrum a point (P) given by an intersection between a plane T of the transmission member and the axis B-B of the transmission shaft and the axis C-C being always orthogonal to the plane T of the transmission member.
2. The engine according to claim 1, the engine being an internal combustion engine, wherein each one of the cylinders is equipped on at least one surface of a combustion chamber thereof with at least one entry opening connected to a fuel distribution system comprising fuel, with at least one exhaust opening connected to exhaust manifolds of combustion fumes and with at least one igniting means of the fuel connected to a supply system.
3. The engine according to claim 1, the engine being a pneumatic engine, wherein the engine comprises compressed gas supplying means comprising gas in each one of the cylinders, expelling means of the gas from each one of the cylinders and means for managing supply and expulsion of the gas.
4. The engine according to claim 1, that it comprises comprising at least four pistons.
5. The engine according to claim 1, wherein each one of the cylinders is arranged at a vertex of a triangle.
6. The engine according to claim 4, wherein each one of the cylinders is arranged at a vertex of a square (Q).
7. The engine according to claim 1, wherein each one of the pistons comprises an eye, and where each one of the pistons is connected in its own eye with an end of the transmission member.
8. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the transmission member desmodromically cooperates with the cylindrical portion by interposing at least one revolving member.
9. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the linkage member is a ball joint.
10. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the linkage member is a link rod.
11. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the transmission shaft comprises at least two half-shafts having a same rotation axis B-B between which at least one cylindrical portion is interposed, the cylindrical portion being integral with the half-shafts and having a rotation axis C-C which is slanted with respect to the axis B-B.
12. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the transmission shaft is supported during rotation of the transmission shaft by revolving members or by bearing brasses, or by both revolving members and bearing brasses.