CLAIMS:
1. A shoe transpiring upper wherein it comprises at least one transpiration system consisting of:
a portion of perforated upper for the passage of air;
an intermediate element in water-impermeable and air-transpiring material for covering the internal side of said perforated portion and attached with its peripheral edge along a line of the internal side of the upper surrounding said perforated portion; and
a final element in naturally air-transpiring material or rendered transpiring by means of holes through its thickness for covering said intermediate element and attached with its peripheral edge along the peripheral contacting linea between said perforated portion and said intermediate element for the protection of said intermediate element;
and wherein the attachment of at least one of said intermediate element or final element is water-impermeable or water-proofed.
2. An upper accoding to the previous claim, wherein said attachments of said intermediate and final elements are made by stitching or gluing or welding.
3. An upper according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said perforated portion of the upper extends over a zone of the upper or over the whole upper.
4. An upper according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said upper comprises a transpiration system provided at the internal side part of the upper in a substantially central position of the latter.
5. An upper according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said intermediate element is preferably in Goretex or Simpatex or another equivalent transpiring and impermeable material.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of controlling the production of particulates in a subterranean wellbore comprising the steps of:
(a) preparing a permeable cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, water, and a degradable material capable of undergoing an irreversible degradation downhole;
(b) placing the permeable cement composition in an annulus between a screen and the walls of the well bore adjacent to a fluid producing zone; and
(c) allowing the permeable cement composition to form a permeable cement mass in the annulus.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the permeable cement composition further comprises a dispersant present in an amount sufficient to disperse the hydraulic cement and the degradable material within the permeable cement composition.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the dispersant is present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, or sulfur.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises a Portland cement, pozzolana cement, gypsum cement, high alumina content cement, silica cement, high alkalinity cement, or low-density cement.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the hydraulic cement is present in the permeable cement composition in amount ranging from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the hydraulic cement is present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 50% to about 60% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the water is present in an amount sufficient to make the permeable cement composition a pumpable slurry.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the water comprises fresh water, salt water, or brine.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the water is present in an amount ranging from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the permeable cement composition further comprises a fluid loss additive.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the fluid loss additive is present in the present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the permeable cement composition is mixed on-the-fly.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising before step (a) blending the permeable cement composition and transporting the permeable cement composition to the wellsite.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the degradable material comprises a degradable polymer or a dehydrated salt.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the degradable polymer comprises polysaccharides, chitins, chitosans, proteins, aliphatic polyesters, poly(lactides), poly(glycolides), poly(-caprolactones), poly(hydroxybutyrates), polyanhydrides, aliphatic polycarbonates, poly(orthoesters), poly(amino acids); poly(ethylene oxides), or polyphosphazenes.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein the degradable polymer further comprises a plasticizer.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the degradable material comprises a stereoisomer of a poly(lactide).
19. The method of claim 14 wherein the dehydrated salt comprises anhydrous sodium tetraborate or anhydrous boric acid.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the degradable material is present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the composition.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the degradable material comprises particles having a rod-like shape.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein the permeable cement mass comprises channel-like voids.
23. The method of claim 1 wherein the cement is a Portland cement and present in an amount of from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition; the water is fresh water and is present in an amount of from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the cement composition; and the degradable material is a poly(lactic acid) particulate present in an amount of from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
24. A method of providing sand control in a subterranean formation penetrated by a well bore comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a permeable cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, water, and a degradable material capable of undergoing an irreversible degradation downhole;
(b) placing the permeable cement composition into the subterranean formation by way of a well bore penetrating the formation; and
(c) allowing the permeable cement composition to set therein to form a consolidated permeable cement mass to provide sand control.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the permeable cement composition further comprises a dispersant present in an amount sufficient to disperse the hydraulic cement and the degradable material within the permeable cement composition.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the dispersant is present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
27. The method of claim 24 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, or sulfur.
28. The method of claim 24 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises a Portland cement, pozzolana cement, gypsum cement, high alumina content cement, silica cement, high alkalinity cement, or low-density cement.
29. The method of claim 24 wherein the hydraulic cement is present in the permeable cement composition in amount ranging from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
30. The method of claim 24 wherein the hydraulic cement is present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 50% to about 60% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
31. The method of claim 24 wherein the water is present in an amount sufficient to make the permeable cement composition a pumpable slurry.
32. The method of claim 24 wherein the water comprises fresh water, salt water, or brine.
33. The method of claim 24 wherein the water is present in an amount ranging from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
34. The method of claim 24 wherein the permeable cement composition further comprises a fluid loss additive.
35. The method of claim 34 wherein the fluid loss additive is present in the present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
36. The method of claim 24 wherein the permeable cement composition is mixed on-the-fly.
37. The method of claim 24 further comprising before step (a) blending the permeable cement composition and transporting the permeable cement composition to the wellsite.
38. The method of claim 24 wherein the degradable material comprises a degradable polymer or a dehydrated salt.
39. The method of claim 38 wherein the degradable polymer comprises polysaccharides, chitins, chitosans, proteins, aliphatic polyesters, poly(lactides), poly(glycolides), poly(-caprolactones), poly(hydroxybutyrates), polyanhydrides, aliphatic polycarbonates, poly(orthoesters), poly(amino acids); poly(ethylene oxides), or polyphosphazenes.
40. The method of claim 38 wherein the degradable polymer further comprises a plasticizer.
41. The method of claim 24 wherein the degradable material comprises a stereoisomer of a poly(lactide).
42. The method of claim 38 wherein the dehydrated salt comprises anhydrous sodium tetraborate or anhydrous boric acid.
43. The method of claim 24 wherein the degradable material is present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the composition.
44. The method of claim 24 wherein the degradable material comprises particles having a rod-like shape.
45. The method of claim 24 wherein the permeable cement mass comprises channel-like voids.
46. The method of claim 24 wherein the cement is a Portland cement and present in an amount of from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition; the water is fresh water and is present in an amount of from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the cement composition; and the degradable material is a poly(lactic acid) particulate present in an amount of from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
47. The method of claim 24 wherein the wellbore comprises a sand screen.
48. A method of providing sand control in a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation comprising the steps of:
placing a perforated shroud having perforations, the perforations being sealed by a temporary sealant, in the wellbore adjacent to a chosen subterranean interval;
providing a permeable cement composition, the permeable cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, water, and a degradable material capable of undergoing an irreversible degradation downhole;
placing the permeable cement composition in an annulus between the perforated shroud and the chosen subterranean interval;
allowing the permeable cement composition to set to form a permeable cement mass in the annulus; and
removing the temporary sealant sealing the perforations of the perforated shroud to restore fluid communication between the well bore and the subterranean formation.
49. The method of claim 48 wherein the degradable material comprises a degradable polymer or a dehydrated salt.
50. The method of claim 49 wherein the degradable polymer comprises polysaccharides, chitins, chitosans, proteins, aliphatic polyesters, poly(lactides), poly(glycolides), poly(-caprolactones), poly(hydroxybutyrates), polyanhydrides, aliphatic polycarbonates, poly(orthoesters), poly(amino acids); poly(ethylene oxides), or polyphosphazenes.
51. The method of claim 49 wherein the degradable polymer further comprises a plasticizer.
52. The method of claim 48 wherein the degradable material comprises a stereoisomer of a poly(lactide).
53. The method of claim 49 wherein the dehydrated salt comprises anhydrous sodium tetraborate or anhydrous boric acid.
54. The method of claim 48 wherein the degradable material is present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the composition.
55. The method of claim 48 wherein the degradable material comprises particles having a rod-like shape.
56. The method of claim 48 wherein the permeable cement mass comprises channel-like voids.
57. A permeable cement composition for forming a permeable cement mass for use in subterranean sand control operations comprising:
(a) a hydraulic cement;
(b) water,
(c) and a degradable material capable of undergoing an irreversible degradation downhole.
58. The composition of claim 57 wherein the permeable cement composition further comprises a dispersant present in an amount sufficient to disperse the hydraulic cement and the degradable material within the permeable cement composition.
59. The composition of claim 58 wherein the dispersant is present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
60. The composition of claim 57 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, or sulfur.
61. The composition of claim 57 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises a Portland cement, pozzolana cement, gypsum cement, high alumina content cement, silica cement, high alkalinity cement, or low-density cement.
62. The composition of claim 57 wherein the hydraulic cement is present in the permeable cement composition in amount ranging from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
63. The composition of claim 57 wherein the hydraulic cement is present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 50% to about 60% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
64. The composition of claim 57 wherein the water is present in an amount sufficient to make the permeable cement composition a pumpable slurry.
65. The composition of claim 57 wherein the water comprises fresh water, salt water, or brine.
66. The composition of claim 57 wherein the water is present in an amount ranging from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
67. The composition of claim 57 wherein the permeable cement composition further comprises a fluid loss additive.
68. The composition of claim 57 wherein the fluid loss additive is present in the present in the permeable cement composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
69. The composition of claim 57 wherein the permeable cement composition is mixed on-the-fly.
70. The composition of claim 57 further comprising before step (a) blending the permeable cement composition and transporting the permeable cement composition to the wellsite.
71. The composition of claim 57 wherein the degradable material comprises a degradable polymer or a dehydrated salt.
72. The composition of claim 71 wherein the degradable polymer comprises polysaccharides, chitins, chitosans, proteins, aliphatic polyesters, poly(lactides), poly(glycolides), poly(-caprolactones), poly(hydroxybutyrates), polyanhydrides, aliphatic polycarbonates, poly(orthoesters), poly(amino acids); poly(ethylene oxides), or polyphosphazenes.
73. The composition of claim 71 wherein the degradable polymer further comprises a plasticizer.
74. The composition of claim 57 wherein the degradable material comprises a stereoisomer of a poly(lactide).
75. The composition of claim 71 wherein the dehydrated salt comprises anhydrous sodium tetraborate or anhydrous boric acid.
76. The composition of claim 57 wherein the degradable material is present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the composition.
77. The composition of claim 57 wherein the degradable material comprises particles having a rod-like shape.
78. The composition of claim 57 wherein the cement is a Portland cement and present in an amount of from about 30% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition; the water is fresh water and is present in an amount of from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the cement composition; and the degradable material is a poly(lactic acid) particulate present in an amount of from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the permeable cement composition.
79. A permeable cement mass useful in well bores penetrating a subterranean formation as a sand control means having voids created by a degradation of a degradable material.
80. The composition of claim 79 wherein the degradable material comprises a degradable polymer or a dehydrated salt.
81. The composition of claim 80 wherein the degradable polymer comprises polysaccharides, chitins, chitosans, proteins, aliphatic polyesters, poly(lactides), poly(glycolides), poly(-caprolactones), poly(hydroxybutyrates), polyanhydrides, aliphatic polycarbonates, poly(orthoesters), poly(amino acids); poly(ethylene oxides), or polyphosphazenes.
82. The composition of claim 80 wherein the degradable polymer further comprises a plasticizer.
83. The composition of claim 79 wherein the degradable material comprises a stereoisomer of a poly(lactide).
84. The composition of claim 80 wherein the dehydrated salt comprises anhydrous sodium tetraborate or anhydrous boric acid.
85. The composition of claim 79 wherein the degradable material is present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the composition.