What is claimed as new and is intended to be secured by Letters Patent is:
1. An element for the absorption of energy which contains reinforcing elements which extend at least partially in the direction of compression to which the element is subjected, wherein the reinforcing elements within the element are encircled by plastic foam particles glued or welded to one another, said reinforcing elements at least partially taking up the compressive force whereby they buckle in on overshoot of a compression of at most 20% with respect to their length in the direction of compression.
2. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing elements buckle in on overshoot of a compression of at least 2% with respect to their length in the direction of compression.
3. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing elements are not foamed and wherein the formed part consisting of glued or welded plastic foam particles possesses, without the reinforcing elements, a weight per space of 15 to 170 kgm3.
4. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 1, wherein several reinforcing elements, upon subjection of the energy absorbing element to compression, buckle in during compression, not all at once but rather at least partially, one after the other.
5. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcing elements have different lengths within the element in the direction of compression.
6. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing elements are in the form of a bar or a tube or discs or crosses or Y- or X- or V- or T- or L- or U- or Z-shaped profiles.
7. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 1, wherein several reinforcing elements are connected to one another via material bridges which possess a solidity at the point where the reinforcing elements are positioned in common in a form for welding or gluing of the plastic foam particles.
8. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 1, which has a yield factor of 0.65 to 0.95 with respect to a quasi-static measurement.
9. The element for the absorption of energy according to claim 8, which has a yield factor of 0.8 to 0.95 with respect to a quasi-static measurement.
10. A shock absorber which protects against lateral impact or function as an impact deflector element in motor vehicles, prepared from the energy absorbing element according to claim 1.
11. A pallet prepared from energy absorbing element according to claim 1.
12. A method of forming an energy absorbing element, comprising:
placing reinforcing elements within a mold cavity in a position such that the elements extend in the direction of stress which is applied to the product body in its use;
filling the mold cavity with plastic foam particles thereby enveloping the reinforcing elements;
heating the contents of the mold thereby bonding the foam particles to each other to obtain a shaped plastic body.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer implemented method for authenticating a user session, the method comprising:
receiving a request for creating a session from a computing device;
identifying a location associated with the computing device originating the request;
receiving a measure of reputation of the location, wherein the measure of reputation of the location is determined based at least in part on statistical information for a set of past sessions that originated from the location and were determined to be suspicious;
determining a level of authentication required from the sender of the request based on the measure of reputation of the location; and
sending a request for authentication, wherein the information requested for authentication is determined based on the level of authentication.
2. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the measure of reputation of the location indicates an unsafe location if a number of suspicious sessions originating from the location in the past is above a predetermined threshold.
3. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the measure of reputation of the location is further based on a measure of reputation of a second location that is within a threshold distance of the location.
4. The computer implemented method of claim 3, wherein the measure of reputation of the location is further determined based on a distance of the location from the neighboring location.
5. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein a past session is determined to be suspicious if the past session was associated with an activity considered unsafe.
6. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein a past session is determined to be suspicious if the past session was associated with an illegitimate activity.
7. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein a past session is determined to be suspicious if the past session sent a request for access to information of a type classified as sensitive information.
8. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein a past session is determined to be suspicious if the past session failed an authentication.
9. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a measure of reputation for each of a plurality of locations from a third-party service provider.
10. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating a measure of reputation for each of a plurality of locations based on actions executed by previous sessions.
11. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the level of authentication required from the sender of the request comprises a captcha.
12. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the location is a netblock and the session was created from a network address in the netblock.
13. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the location is a geographical location.
14. A computer implemented method for determining a measure of reputation of a netblock, the method comprising:
receiving information related to a plurality of sessions originating from a location, wherein a session originating from a location is created from device associated with the location;
determining a measure of suspiciousness for each session in the plurality of sessions based on actions associated with the session indicating authenticity of the session;
determining a measure of reputation of the location based on an aggregate of measures of suspiciousness of sessions originating from the location, wherein the measure of reputation of the location is used to determine the level of authentication required for sessions originating from the location; and
storing the determined measure of reputation of the location in a computer readable medium.
15. The computer implemented method of claim 14, wherein the location is a netblock and the session was created from a network address in the netblock.
16. The computer implemented method of claim 14, wherein the location is a geographical location.
17. The computer implemented method of claim 14, wherein the actions associated with the session indicating the authenticity of the user creating the session comprise requests from the session attempting to access information of a type classified as sensitive information.
18. The computer implemented method of claim 14, wherein the actions associated with the session indicating the authenticity of the user creating the session comprise a failure of the session to provide authentication information.
19. A computer program product having a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable code for authenticating a user session, the code comprising:
a session manager configured to:
receive a request for creating a session from a computing device;
identify a location associated with the computing device originating the request;
receive a measure of reputation of the location, wherein the measure of reputation of the location is determined based at least in part on statistical information for a set of past sessions that originated from the location and were determined to be suspicious;
an authentication manager configured to:
determine a level of authentication required from the sender of the request based on the measure of reputation of the location; and
send a request for authentication, wherein the information requested for authentication is determined based on the level of authentication.
20. A computer program product having a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable code for determining a measure of reputation of a netblock, the method comprising:
a suspicious index manager configured to:
receive information related to a plurality of sessions originating from a location, wherein a session originating from a location is created from device associated with the location;
determine a measure of suspiciousness for each session in the plurality of sessions based on actions associated with the session indicating authenticity of the session;
determine a measure of reputation of the location based on an aggregate of measures of suspiciousness of sessions originating from the location, wherein the measure of reputation of the location is used to determine the level of authentication required for sessions originating from the location; and
store the determined measure of reputation of the location in a computer readable medium.